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Health Guidelines for International Travel Pre-Travel
Preparation Essential Immunizations that should be reviewed. DPT
(diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus), MMR (measles, mumps, rubella), H. flu b, Polio Immunizations that may be Required. Yellow
Fever, Cholera Recommended Immunizations. Hepatitis
A, especially for travelers to rural areas Hepatitis
B for health workers who have direct contact with body fluids Typhoid
for travelers to rural areas and immunosuppressed subjects Meningococcal
vaccine for travel to the Haaj and epidemic areas of sub-Saharan Rabies
and Japanese B encephalitis immunization for selected exposures Prophylactic Medications (Chemoprophylaxis). Malaria chemoprophylaxis (begin 2 weeks before departure,
safety in pregnancy) Mefloquine
(Lariam), Malarone, Doxycycline, Chloroquine (+ Proguanil) During
Travel Preventive Strategies (preventing traumatic injury and/or
death). Minimize
night travel alone in large cities, and night driving in rural areas. Minimizing Exposure to Vector-borne Disease (yellow fever,
Japanese B vaccines) Insecticide
(permethrin)-impregnated bed nets, insect repellent for day-time (DEET)
General Precautions Safe driving (seat belts), safe food, safe sex and safe
water (bottled, purification devices) Empirical Treatment Anti-diarrheal agents (azithromycin/ ciprofloxacin, loperamide
[antimotility agent]) Altitude Sickness Initial 2-3 days at 2500-3000 m, then 1 day for each additional
1000 m ± acetazolamide Post-Travel Continue
malaria prophylaxis; Seek medical assistance for persistent fever, diarrhea. Most common reasons for medical evacuation are: auto accidents, severe illness (e.g., malaria) Coverage: up to 10 days ($60-165, from single to family,
children up to 18 or 21 years of age), up to 17 days ($80-220), up to
31 days ($135-360), per year ($245-625) WEB: http://www.internationalsos.com/ Phone: 215.244.1500; 800.523.8662; FAX: 215.244.0165 Resources
at Tulane Tulane Travel Clinic. Appointments
through the general phone line: 588.5800 Regular
hours by appointment on Thursday mornings, and by special arrangement
Physician
charges are covered by the Student Health Service Center for Infectious Diseases WEB Site at www.tulane.edu/~cid Director, Susan McLellan, MD, MPH&TM, Travel Medicine,
Infectious Diseases
Additional Sources of Information: CDC
WEB Site:
http://www.cdc.gov Medical Letter: http://www.medletter.com REFERENCES General Preparation for Travelers Ryan
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M, Maguire JH, Weller PF: The
American Society of
Tulane Center for Infectious Diseases 1430
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