History/Medieval Studies 303
Readings:
Book List
Iconoclasm
Discussion
Topics
Chronologies:
Imperial Crisis
Later Roman
Emperors, 306-395
Fall of Western
Empire
Age of Justinian
Islamic Caliphs
Byzantine Dark
Ages
Triumph of Christianity
Macedonian Resurgence
Crusades
Restoration and Ottoman Advance
Handouts:
Population
Finances under
Justinian
Byzantium c.850A.D.
Currency charts:
Diocletian
and Constantine
Justinian
and Heraclius
Isaurian,
Amorian, and Macedonian Ages
Comnenian
and Palaeogian Ages
I. Birth of Christ thru Converstion
of Constantine (c.6 B.C.-312 A.D.)
II. Edict of Milan thru Death
of Justinian (313-565 A.D.)
| 313 | "EDICT OF MILIAN": RELIGIOUS TOLERATION PROCLAIMED BY CONSTANTINE | |
| 318 | Outbreak of the Arian Controversy | |
| 323 | S. PACHOMIUS ORGANIZES FIRST COMMUNITY AT TABENNISI IN UPPER EGYPT: Growth of Cenobitism or Early Monasticism | |
| 324 | Constantine reunites the Roman Empire | |
| Eusebius writes Ecclesiastical History | ||
| 325 | FIRST ECUMENICAL COUNCIL AT NICAEA | |
| Arian Theology declared heretical | ||
| 328 | ATHANASIUS elected Patriarch of Alexandria (328-373) | |
| 330 | DEDICATION OF CONSTANTINOPLE | |
| Athanasius moves vs. Meletians (330-332) | ||
| 335 | Council of Tyre condemns Athanasius | |
| Arian Views accepted by Constantine | ||
| 337 | Baptism of Constantine in Arian confession on his deathbed | |
| CONSTANTIUS II (337-361) SUPPORTS ARIANISM | ||
| 342 | Arian Council of Sardica (Sofia): Arian Missions sent to Barbarians | |
| Ulfias converts Goths to Arianism | ||
| Imperial Edict prohibits public sacrifices | ||
| 356 | Imperial Ban on Pagan Cult Practices | |
| 361-363 | JULIAN THE APOSTATE EMPEROR | |
| Imperial Legislation restores Paganism | ||
| Imperial Toleration of Pagan Cults | ||
| 363 | Death of Julian; Jovian restores favored position of Christianity | |
| c. 370 | S. Basil composes his Rule for monastic life | |
| 379 | Accession of THEODOSIUS I (379-395) | |
| Imperial Support to Nicene Christianity | ||
| 381 | SECOND ECUMENICAL COUNCIL OF CONSTANTIOPLE Condemnation of Arianism | |
| 382-384 | Dispute over "Altar of Victory" in Rome | |
| 390 | Massacre of Thessalonica; Theodosius humiliated before Bishop Ambrose of Milan | |
| 391 | THEODOSIUS OUTLAWS ALL PAGAN SACRIFICES | |
| NICENE CHRISTIANITY PROCLAIMED OFFICIAL RELIGION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE | ||
| Riots in Alexandria destroy the Serapeum | ||
| 392-394 | Revolt of Eugenius and Arbogast in West | |
| Roman pagan aristocracy supports revolt | ||
| 394 | Battle of Frigidus: Theodosius crushes the pagan inspired forces of the West | |
| 395-430 | AUGUSTINE, Bishop of Hippo | |
| 396-397 | Augustine writes Confessions | |
| 411-26 | Augustine writes City of God | |
| 429-31 | Christological Controversy between NESTORIUS and CYRIL of Alexandria | |
| 431 | THIRD ECUMENICAL COUNCIL OF EPHESUS | |
| Condemnation of Nestorianism | ||
| 433 | Formula of Reunion | |
| 440-461 | PONTIFICATE OF LEO I "the Great" | |
| 444-451 | DIOSCORUS, Patriarch of Alexandria | |
| Further Christological Disputes | ||
| 449 | LATROCINIUM: "Robber Council of Ephesus" | |
| Dioscorus affirms MONOPHYSITE interpretation | ||
| Leo I writes his TOME | ||
| 451 | FOURTH ECUMENICAL COUNCIL AT CHALCEDON | |
| Monophysitism declared heretical | ||
| Jerusalem recognized as Patriarchate | ||
| THE SEARCH FOR RELIGIOUS UNITY, 451-565 | ||
| ORTHODOX CHRISTOLOGY OF THE TWO NATURES PROCLAIMED | ||
| 452 | Embassy of Pope Leo I to Attila the Hun | |
| Retreat of the Hun Army from Italy | ||
| Leo I rejects Canon 28 of Chalcedon | ||
| 455 | Death of VALENTINIAN III: Disintegration of Western Roman Empire (455-476) | |
| Emergence of Arian and Pagan Teutonic Kingdoms in Northwestern Provinces and North Africa | ||
| 457 | Accession of LEO I, EMPEROR OF THE EAST (457-473) | |
| Recovery of Military and Political Power of East | ||
| 471-489 | ACACIUS, Patriarch of Constantinople | |
| 474 | Accession of ZENO, EMPEROR OF THE EAST (474-491) | |
| 476 | Deposition of Romulus Augustus: End of Western Empire | |
| Odovacer rules as magister militum in Italy & Dalmatia | ||
| 482 | Zeno issues HENOTICON | |
| 483 | Consecration of POPE FELIX III (483-492) | |
| Outbreak of Vandal Persecutions of Orthodox Christians in Africa (483-484) | ||
| 484 | Council of Rome: POPE FELIX III CONDEMNS HENOTICON AND EXCOMMUNICATES PATRIARCH ACACIUS | |
| ACACIUS EXCOMMUNICATES FELIX III | ||
| ACACIAN SCHISM (484-519); Zeno moves to reconcile the Monophysites | ||
| 489-91 | THEODORIC (489-526) and Ostrogoths conquer Italy | |
| Ostrogothic protection of Papal Authority | ||
| 491 | Accession of ANASTASIUS I (491-518) | |
| 496-98 | Anastasius fails to end Acacian Schism | |
| 499? | Conversion of CLOVIS & FRANKS to Catholic Christianity | |
| 512-18 | SEVERUS, Monophysite Patriarch of Antioch | |
| 513 | Revolt of Vitalian and anti-Monophysite Riots against Anastasius in Constantinople | |
| 514-23 | Pontificate of Pope HORMISDAS | |
| 518 | Accession of JUSTIN I (518-527) | |
| 519 | JUSTIN I RESCINDS THE HENOTICON: END OF ACACIAN SCHISM AND ACCEPTANCE OF CHALCEDON IN EAST | |
| Persecution of Monophysites (519-523) | ||
| Severus of Antioch organizes Monophysite "counter church" and monasteries in Syria and Egypt | ||
| 523-26 | Pontificate of JOHN II | |
| 526 | Death of King Theodoric; Succession Difficulties in Italy (526-535) | |
| 527 | Outbreak of First Persian War (527-532) | |
| Accession of JUSTINIAN (527-565) | ||
| 528-29 | Justinian purges administration of pagans | |
| 529 | St. Benedict founds MONTE CASSINO | |
| Neoplatonic Philosophers of Athens migrate to Persia | ||
| Justinian proposes THEOPASCHITE THEOLOGY | ||
| 532 | NIKA REVOLT: Destruction of Hagia Sophia | |
| Abortive Conference with Monophysite Leaders at Constantinople (532-533) | ||
| 533 | Belisarius reconquers North Africa | |
| 535 | Belisarius reconquers Sicily | |
| Imperial laws against heretics, Jews, and pagans in North Africa | ||
| 536 | Belisarius invades Italy; Reoccupation of Rome | |
| 537 | FIRST GOTHIC SIEGE OF ROME (537-538) | |
| Belisarius deposes Pope Silverius (536-537) | ||
| Election of POPE VIGILIUS (537-554) | ||
| DEDICATION OF HAGIA SOPHIA | ||
| 538-40 | Renewed Byzantine Offensive in Italy | |
| 540 | Fall of Ravenna to Belisarius | |
| Outbreak of Second Persian War (540-545) | ||
| 542 | Mission of John of Ephesus in Asia Minor | |
| Mission of Julian to Nubia | ||
| Mission of James Baradaeus and Growth of Syrian Monophysite (Jacobite) Church | ||
| TOTILA, KING OF GOTHS, RECOVERS ITALY (542-544) | ||
| 545-46 | SECOND GOTHIC SIEGE OF ROME; Collapse of Byzantine Position in Italy | |
| 546 | JUSTINIAN CONDEMNS THE THREE CHAPTERS: FIRST MOVE TO RECONCILIATION WITH MONOPHYSITES | |
| Second Purge of Pagans from the Administration | ||
| 547 | Belisarius retakes Rome | |
| Death of ST. BENEDICT OF NURSIA | ||
| Dedication of San Vitale in Ravenna | ||
| Vigilius issues Judicatum | ||
| John Troglita (547-48) pacifies North Africa | ||
| 549-50 | THIRD GOTHIC SIEGE OF ROME | |
| 552 | BATTLE OF BUSTA GALLORUM: NARSES DEFEATS TOTILA | |
| Byzantine Reconquest of Italy (552-554) | ||
| 553 | FIFTH ECUMENICAL COUNCIL AT CONSTANTINOPLE | |
| CONDEMNATION OF THREE CHAPTERS | ||
| Arrest and Imprisonment of Vigilius | ||
| 554 | Vigilius' Constitutium and Exile | |
| Alienation of Western and Monophysite Churches | ||
| 555-61 | Pontificate of PELAGIUS I | |
| 558 | Replacement of Great Dome of Hagia Sophia | |
| 562 | Third Purge of Pagans from Administration | |
| 565 | Initiation of New Discussions with Monophysites | |
| Justinian proposes APTHARTODOCETIST DOCTRINE | ||
| Death of Justinian; Accession of Justin II (565-578) |
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