History/Classics 310
Readings:
Book List
Reserve
Readings
Themistocles
Decree
Megarian
Decree
Athenian
Treaties
Chronologies:
Early Sparta
and Athens
514-482 B.C.
Pentekontaeteia,
479-431 B.C.
Peloponnesian War
Handouts:
Finances
in Athens
Greek Coinage
and Measures
Military
I. The Archidamian War (431-421 B.C.)
II. Peace of Nicias (421-414 B.C.)
III. Decelean (or Ionian) War (414-404 B.C.)
I. The Archidamian War (431-421 B.C.)
| 431 B.C. | Thebans attack Plataea; Athenians besiege Potidaea | |
| Sparta appeals to Syracuse for naval aid | ||
| Athens allied to Leontini and Rhegium since 433/2 | ||
| Peloponnesian Invasion of Attica | ||
| Athenian fleet raids Peloponnesus; Athenian fleet raids Northwest Greece, capturing Sollium and Astacus and winning over Cephallenia | ||
| Withdrawal of Peloponnesians from Attica; Athenian counterinvasion of Megarid | ||
| Funeral Oration of Pericles | ||
| 430 B.C. | Peloponnesian Invasion of Attica | |
| Plague ravages Athens | ||
| Athenian fleet under Hagnon ravages northeastern Peloponnesus; then sent against Potidaea | ||
| SURRENDER OF POTIDAEA; continued resistance in the CHALCIDICE supported by king PERDICCAS, 430-424 | ||
| Peloponnesian fleet attacks Zacynthus | ||
| Phormio stationed at Naupactus to blockade Corinth-ian Gulf | ||
| Athenians propose peace terms to Sparta; Pericles stripped of power | ||
| 429 B.C. | Pericles reelected strategos | |
| Peloponnesian army besieges Plataea | ||
| PHORMIO wins battles of NAUPACTUS and Rhion; Corinthian trade is disrupted. | ||
| Peloponnesian fleet raids Saronic Gulf | ||
| DEATH OF PERICLES | ||
| 428 B.C. | Peloponnesian Invasion of Attica | |
| Athenians introduce EISPHORA (direct land tax) | ||
| REVOLT OF MYTILENE; Paches sent to Lesbos | ||
| Outbreak of War between Syracuse and the Ionian cities of Sicily | ||
| Spartan and Athenian naval demonstations | ||
| 427 B.C. | Peloponnesian Invasion of Attica | |
| DEATH OF KING ARCHIDAMUS; Succession of Agis II | ||
| Rise of CLEON and NICIAS in Athens | ||
| FALL of and DEBATE over MYTILENE | ||
| Suppression of revolt in Colophon | ||
| FALL OF PLATAEA | ||
| Leontini and Rhegium appeal for aid against Syracuse; Athenian fleet sent under Laches and Eurymedon | ||
| CIVIL WAR IN CORCYRA (427-425) | ||
| Second outbreak of Plague in Athens | ||
| 426 B.C. | Spartan Overtures for peace to Athens | |
| Return of king PLEISTOANAX from exile | ||
| Last outbreak of Plague in Athens | ||
| Campaigns of DEMOSTHENES in Aetolia and Northwest Greece vs. Corinthians and allies. | ||
| Athenian fleet in Sicily captures Messana; Athens votes reinforcements under Pythodorus | ||
| 425 B.C. | Peloponnesian Invasion of Attica | |
| Great Athenian naval expedition to Northwest Greece; Demosthenes fortifies PYLOS | ||
| Athenians lose Messana; Deterioration of Athenian alliances in Sicily | ||
| Athenians intervene in civil war in Corcyra | ||
| Athenians secure Northwest Greece and destroy Corinthian naval power | ||
| ATHENIAN VICTORY AT PYLOS: Capture of 292 Spartan prisoners and Spartan fleet | ||
| Tripling of Tribute; CLEON calls for all out victory | ||
| 424 B.C. | Athenians take Nisaea, but fail to capture Megara | |
| BATTLE OF DELIUM: Athenian invasion of Boeotia fails | ||
| BRASIDAS invades the Chalcidice | ||
| Conference of Gela: Athenian leave Sicily | ||
| BRASIDAS takes Acanthus and AMPHIPOLIS | ||
| 423 B.C. | Athens and Sparta concludes one year armistice | |
| Rebellions throughout the CHALCIDICE vs. Athens | ||
| 422 B.C. | End of the Armistice; CLEON sails to Chalcidice | |
| BATTLE OF AMPHIPOLIS: Deaths of BRASIDAS and CLEON. | ||
| Movement to peace in Athens and Sparta |
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II. Peace of Nicias (421-414 B.C.)
| 421 B.C. | Conclusion of Peace of Nicias; Corinth, Thebes, and Megara refuse to sign. | |
| Corinthian Dipolmatic Intrigue to create New Argive League to renew war | ||
| Erosion of Peace Parties in Sparta and Athens | ||
| 420 B.C. | Rise of ALCIBIADES and war party in Athens | |
| War party emerges in Sparta under ephors Xenares and Cleobulus | ||
| Athens-Argos-Elis-Mantinea Alliance | ||
| 419 B.C. | Alcibiades' Expedition into Peloponnesus | |
| 418 B.C. | Battle of Mantinea: Collapse of Athenian-Argive Alliance | |
| 417 B.C. | Rivalry of Nicias and Alcibiades in Athens | |
| Ostracism of Hyperbolus | ||
| 416 B.C. | Rivalry of Nicias and Alcibiades | |
| Athenian expedition against Melos | ||
| War between Leontini and Syracuse, and war between Segesta and Selinus in Sicily | ||
| Segesta appeals to Athens | ||
| 415 B.C. | Athenians send Sicilian Expedition under Nicias, Alcibiades, and Lamachus | |
| Recall and Flight of Alcibiades | ||
| Battle of Dascon: Athenians defeat Syracusans | ||
| Siege of Syracuse begins |
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III. Decelean (or Ionian) War (414-404
B.C.)
| 414 B.C. | Siege of Syracuse pressed by Nicias | |
| Arrival of Alcibiades in Sparta | ||
| Spartan aid under GYLIPPUS sent to Syracuse | ||
| Nicias loses initiative to Gylippus | ||
| Sparta declares war | ||
| 413 B.C. | King Agis invades Attica and fortifies DECELEA | |
| Siege of Athens | ||
| Reinforcements under Demosthenes sent to Nicias | ||
| Failure to capture Epipolae | ||
| Retreat and Destruction of Athenian Expedition in Sicily | ||
| 412 B.C. | Outbreak of Rebellions in Athenian Empire | |
| King Agis negotiates for Persian aid | ||
| Flight of Alcibiades from Sparta | ||
| 411 B.C. | Failure of Oligarchic coup of 400 in Athens; moderate 5,000 take power | |
| Recall of Alcibiades by the Athenians | ||
| 410 B.C. | BATTLE OF CYZICUS: Athenian fleet destroys Spartan-Persian fleet in Hellespont | |
| Restoration of full democracy; Athens rejects Spartan peace offerings | ||
| 409 B.C. | Alcibiades campaigns in Ionia | |
| Spartans retake Pylos and Megarians recapture Nisaea | ||
| 408 B.C. | Alcibiades retakes Byzantium and Chalcedon | |
| 407 B.C. | Alcibiades received in triumph in Athens | |
| Spartans send LYSANDER as navarch; arrival of prince CYRUS THE YOUNGER to supervise the Persian war effort. | ||
| 406 B.C. | Battle of Notium: Fall of Alcibiades from power | |
| Fleet of Lysander and Cyrus sweeps Ionia | ||
| Spartans recall Lysander | ||
| 405 B.C. | Exile of Alcibiades | |
| BATTLE OF ARGINUSSAE: Athenian naval victory | ||
| Trial of the Six Generals | ||
| Lysander appointed sub-navarch to revive Spartan navy and renew Persian alliance | ||
| 404 B.C. | BATTLE OF AEGISPOTAMAI: Defeat of Athenian navy by Lysander | |
| Siege and Capitulation of Athens | ||
| END OF ATHENIAN EMPIRE and DEMOLITION OF LONG WALLS | ||
| Imposition of oligarchic “Thirty Tyrants” in Athens by Lysander |
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