Last Updated 10/12/1999
By Richard DH Clark
Copyright 1999
Political Narrative of Julio-Claudian Dynasty
| 63 B.C. | Birth of AUGUSTUS (Octavian) |
| 59 B.C. | FIRST TRIUMVIRATE (Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar) |
| Consulship and Reforms of Julius Caesar | |
| 58-49 B.C. | Conquest of Gaul by Julius Caesar |
| 48 B.C. | Battle of Pharsalus: Defeat of Pompey by Caesar |
| 46-44 B.C. | Dictatorship of Julius Caesar |
| 44 B.C. | Assassination of Julius Caesar |
| 43 B.C. | Formation of SECOND TRIUMVIRATE (Octavian, Mark Antony, and Aemilius Lepidus) |
| 42 B.C. | Battle of Philippi. Deaths of Brutus and Cassius |
| Birth of the Emperor TIBERIUS | |
| 41 B.C. | Mark Antony settles the East |
| Confiscations & Proscriptions of Octavian in Italy | |
| Outbreak of Persuine War (41-40 B.C.) & Demotion of M. Aemilius Lepidus | |
| Meeting of Mark Antony & CLEOPATRA VII at Tarsus | |
| 40 B.C. | TREATY OF BRUNDISIUM: Reconciliation of Antony & Octavian and Marriage of OCTAVIA to Mark Antony |
| 39 B.C. | Treaty of Misenum: Sex. Pompeius included in the Second Triumvirate |
| 38 B.C. | Marriage of Octavian and LIVIA |
| Birth of DRUSUS THE ELDER | |
| 37 B.C. | TREATY OF TARENTUM: Second Triumvirate renewed for five years between Mark Antony & Octavian |
| Mark Antony returns to East | |
| Marriage of Mark Antony & Cleopatra at Antioch | |
| 36 B.C. | Octavian granted tribunica potestas |
| Abortive Invasion of Armenia by Mark Antony | |
| Octavian declares war on Sex. Pompeius | |
| M. Vipsanius Agrippa defeats Sex. Pompeius at Naulochus & secures Western Mediterranean | |
| 34 B.C. | Second Armenian Campaign of Mark Antony |
| Triumph and Alexandrine Donations of Antony | |
| Open Break between Octavian & Mark Antony | |
| 33 B.C. | Consulship II of Octavian |
| Antony & Cleopatra winter in Ephesus | |
| 32 B.C. | Rising Opposition to Mark Antony in Rome |
| Octavian defends his acta before Senate | |
| Divorce of Mark Antony & Octavia | |
| Declaration of War against Cleopatra VII | |
| 31 B.C. | Third Consulship of Octavian |
| Mark Antony stripped of consulship | |
| BATTLE OF ACTIUM (Sept. 2): Defeat of Antony & Cleopatra; Octavian master of Roman world | |
| Octavian holds successive consulships to 23 B.C. | |
| 30 B.C. | Tribunician Power conferred on Octavian for life |
| Suicides of Mark Antony and Cleopatra | |
| Organization of Province of Egypt | |
| 29 B.C. | Triple Triumph of Octavian |
| 27 B.C. | ACT OF SETTLEMENT: "Restoration of the Republic" |
| Octavian named AUGUSTUS | |
| Augustus receives proconsular imperium in his provinces for ten years | |
| Augustus holds consecutive consulships, 27-23 B.C. | |
| Division of Provinces into Imperial and Senatorial | |
| 25 B.C. | Marriage of JULIA and M. CLAUDIUS MARCELLUS |
| 23 B.C. | ACT OF SETTLEMENT II: Augustus resigns consulship |
| Augustus receives Tribunician Power and Imperium Maius ("Greater Imperium) | |
| Death of CLAUDIUS MARCELLUS | |
| Quaestorship of Tiberius | |
| 22 B.C. | Plot of A. Terentius Murena Varro & Fannius Servilius Caepio |
| Augustus in the East, 22-19 B.C. | |
| 21 B.C. | Marriage of M. VIPSANIUS AGRIPPA to JULIA |
| 20 B.C.? | Marriage of Tiberius to Vipsania |
| 18 B.C. | AGRIPPA receives Tribunician Power |
| 17 B.C. | Augustus Adopts GAIUS and LUCIUS CAESAR, the sons of Agrippa and Julia |
| 16 B.C. | Praetorship of Tiberius |
| AUGUSTUS in Gaul (16-13 B.C.): Provincial Census and Organization of Rhine Frontier | |
| 15 B.C. | TIBERIUS and DRUSUS subdue Rhaetia and Vindelica |
| Birth of GERMANICUS | |
| 14 B.C. | Birth of DRUSUS THE YOUNGER, ths son of Tiberius |
| 13 B.C. | Consulship of Tiberius |
| Renewal of tribunician power of AGRIPPA | |
| 12 B.C. | Augustus Pontifex Maximus (Chief Priest) |
| DEATH OF AGRIPPA | |
| 12-9 B.C. | Campaigns of Tiberius and Drusus in Germany and Illyricum: Roman Advances to Elbe and Danube |
| 11 B.C. | Marriage of TIBERIUS and JULIA |
| 10 B.C. | Birth of the Emperor CLAUDIUS |
| 9 B.C. | Death of DRUSUS THE ELDER |
| 6 B.C. | TIBERIUS receives Tribunician Power |
| Tiberius Retires to Rhodes | |
| 2 B.C. | Divorce of Tiberius and Julia |
| AUGUSTUS Pater Patriae, "Father of Homeland" | |
| Scandal and Exile of Julia | |
| 1 B.C. to 4 A.D | GAIUS CAESAR in East |
| 2 A.D. | Death of LUCIUS CAESAR |
| 4 A.D. | Death of GAIUS CAESAR: Succession Crisis |
| Return of Tiberius from Rhodes | |
| Tiberius Receives Tribunician Power | |
| Augustus adopts Tiberius and Agrippa Postumus | |
| Tiberius adopts Germanicus | |
| 6-9 A.D. | TIBERIUS subdues the Pannonian Revolt |
| 9 A.D. | VARIAN DISASTER: Roman Withdrawal to Rhine |
| Tiberius campaigns in Germany (9-11 A.D.) | |
| 12 A.D. | Consulship of Germanicus |
| Birth of Emperor GAIUS (CALIGULA) | |
| 13 A.D. | Augustus grants to Tiberius equals Imperium |
| Renewal of Tribunician Power for Tiberius | |
| 14 A.D. | Death of Augustus at Nola (August 19) |
| Murder of Agrippa Postumus | |
| TIBERIUS PROCLAIMED PRINCEPS (Sept. 17) | |
| Mutinies in Germany and Pannonia | |
| Germanicus suppresses mutiny in Rhineland | |
| Murder of Julia, daughter of Augustus | |
| SEJANUS appointed Praetorian Prefect | |
| 14-16 A.D. | GERMANICUS campaigns in Germany |
| 16 A.D. | Trial and Suicide of Libo Drusus |
| 17 A.D. | Triumph of Germanicus |
| Drusus sent to Illyricum; Germanicus to East (17-19) | |
| 19 A.D. | Death of GERMANICUS |
| Birth of twins Tiberius Gemellus and Germanicus the Younger (sons of Drusus the Younger) | |
| 20 A.D. | Trial and Suicide of Cn. Calpurnius Piso on charge of murdering Germanicus |
| 21 A.D. | Tiberius retires to Campania |
| Trial of Clutorius Priscus | |
| Revolt of Julius Sacrovir and Florus in Gaul | |
| 23 A.D. | Rise of SEJANUS: Praetorian Guard concentrated at Rome |
| Sejanus divorces wife Apicata | |
| Sejanus murders Drusus, son of Tiberius | |
| Death of Germanicus the Younger | |
| 25 A.D. | Trial of Cremutius Cordus & Burning of his Annals |
| Tiberius refuses to marry Sejanus to LIVIA JULIA | |
| 27 A.D. | Tiberius retires to Capri |
| 28 A.D. | Trial of Titius Sabinus for treason (maiestas) |
| 29 A.D. | Death of Livia |
| Sejanus arranges for exile of AGRIPPINA THE ELDER AND NERO CAESAR | |
| 30 A.D. | Suicide of Nero Caesar; Arrest of Asinius Gallus |
| Betrothal of Sejansus to Livia Julia | |
| 31 A.D. | Consulship of Tiberius and Sejanus |
| FALL AND EXECUTION OF SEJANUS (Oct. 18) | |
| Q. SUTORIUS MACRO appointed Praetorian Prefect | |
| Execution of Livia Julia and Purges in Rome | |
| 33 A.D. | Tiberius orders deaths of Asinius Gallus, Drusus Caesar, and Agrippina the Elder |
| Trials and Executions of "Supporters" of Sejanus | |
| 37 A.D. | Murder of TIBERIUS by Gaius and Macro |
| Accession of GAIUS = CALIGULA (March 16) | |
| Birth of Emperor NERO | |
| 38 A.D. | Death and Deification of Drusilla, sister of Gaius |
| Nervous Breakdown of Gaius (Caligula) | |
| 39 A.D. | Gaius in Germany & suppresses Mutiny of Lepidus and Gaetulicus; Exile of his sisters JULIA and AGRIPPINA THE YOUNGER |
| 41 A.D. | Gaius murdered by officers of Praetorian Guard (Jan. 24) |
| Acclamation of CLAUDIUS as Emperor | |
| Claudius punishes Conspirators | |
| Exile of SENECA | |
| 43 A.D. | Roman Invasion of Britain |
| 48 A.D. | Conspiracy of MESSALINA and C. Silius |
| Marriage of Claudius to AGRIPPINA the YOUNGER | |
| 49 A.D. | Claudius adopts NERO; Recall of SENECA |
| 51 A.D. | SEX. AFRANIUS BURRUS appointed Praetorian Prefect |
| 53 A.D. | Marriage of Nero and OCTAVIA, daughter of Claudius |
| 54 A.D. | Murder of CLAUDIUS; Accession of NERO |
| Outbreak of Parthian War | |
| Publication of Seneca's Apocolocyntosis | |
| 55 A.D. | Removal of Pallas from Office |
| Murder of Britannicus | |
| Agrippina loses power to Seneca and Burrus | |
| LUCAN introduced to the court of Nero | |
| 57 A.D. | Nero orders senators and equestrians to participate in his games |
| 59 A.D. | Murder of Agrippina |
| Nero introduces Greek Games to Rome | |
| 60 A.D. | Nero institutes the Neronia Games |
| Revolt of Boudicca in Britain | |
| 62 A.D. | Death of Burrus; Retirement of SENECA |
| Appointment of FAENIUS RUFUS and C. OFRONIUS TIGELLINUS as joint Praetorian Prefects | |
| Nero divorces Octavia | |
| Marriage of Nero and POPPAEA; Murder of Octavia | |
| 63 A.D. | Retirement of THRASEA PAETUS |
| 64 A.D. | Fire in Rome and Persecution of Christians |
| Construction of Golden House (Domus Aurea) | |
| 65 A.D. | PISONIAN CONSPIRACY: Executions of Seneca, Lucan, Piso, and Faenius Rufus |
| C. Nymphidius Sabinus succeeds Faenius Rufus as Praetorian Prefect | |
| Death of POPPAEA | |
| 66 A.D. | Final Peace with Parthia |
| Outbreak of the First Jewish Revolt (66-73 A.D.) | |
| Further Executions of "Pisonian Conspirators" | |
| Forced Suicide of Thrasea Paetus | |
| Nero visits Greece | |
| Nero summons and orders the suicides of SCRIBONIUS RUFUS and SCRIBONIUS PROCULUS, Governors of the two Germanies | |
| 67 A.D. | Nero in Greece |
| Nero orders suicide of CN. DOMITIUS CORBULO | |
| 68 A.D. | Nero returns to Rome |
| Revolt of C. JULIUS VINDEX in Gaul | |
| SER. SULPICIUS GALBA proclaimed emperor in Spain | |
| Panic and Suicide of Nero (July) | |
| Galba enters Rome (fall) | |
| 69 A.D. | THE YEAR OF THE FOUR EMPERORS: CIVIL WAR |
| German Legions hail VITELLIUS Emperor (Jan. 1) | |
| Murder of GALBA in Rome and Accession of Otho with aid of Praetorian Guard (Jan. 15) | |
| Danube Legions recognize Otho: Civil War | |
| First Battle of Bedriacum: Defeat of Otho (April) | |
| Suicide of Otho and Vitellius enters Rome | |
| Eastern Legions hail VESPASIAN Emperor (July) | |
| Revolt of Germans on Rhine under C. JULIUS CIVILIS | |
| Danube Legions recognize Vespasian | |
| Antonius Primus directs Flavian Invasion of Italy | |
| Second Batttle of Bedriacum: Defeat of Vitellian Legions (Oct.) | |
| Battle and Fall of Rome to Flavian Legions; Murder of Vitellius; Senate recongizes Vespasian Dec. 20) | |
| 70 A.D. | VESPASIAN enters Rome (midsummer) |
| Q. PETILIUS CERIALIS suppresses Revolt of Civilis and Disturbances in northern Gaul | |
| Fall of Jerusalem to TITUS (Sept.) |
Dr. Kenneth W. Harl
(Ph.D., Yale University 1978; prof.)
Classical Greece, Rome and Byzantium
Office: History 211 (504)862-8621
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