Subject heading	Code
New journal	B010
Discontinued journal	B050
Avian biology & life history
General or Worldwide	B102
Africa, sub-Saharan & Madagascar	B104
Antarctica & sub-Antarctica	B106
Europe & Iceland	B110
New World	B114
North Africa & Middle East	B116
North America & Greenland	B118
Northern Asia & Far East	B120
Oriental (India, SE Asia, Indonesia, Philippines)	B128
South America	B130
Southern Hemisphere	B132
Behavior & communication	B300
Agonistic, aggressive & defensive behavior	B302
Learning, memory, & intelligence	B304
Locomotion (Flight, swimming, walking, etc)	B306
Self-maintenance (Daily time budget, preening, bathing, anting, roosting)	B308
Sensory perception (Auditory, magnetic, olfactory, tactile, visual sensing)	B310
Sexual behavior (Courtship, pair bonding, copulation)	B312
Social and interspecific behavior (Colonial behavior, social organization)	B314
Territoriality & home range	B316
Vocalizations & other sounds	B320
Birds & humans	B500
Collisions & other artificial fatalities	B502
Damage to crops or fisheries	B504
Gamebird management & hunting	B508
Introduced species (non-game)	B509
Uses of birds by humans	B510
Breeding habits	B700
Breeding schedule & dates	B702
Brood parasitism , Egg dumping, & Foster parenting	B704
Cooperative or communal breeding	B706
Eggs & incubation, including egg physiology & morphology	B710
Extra-pair mating, paternity	B712
Mating systems, sex ratio	B714
Nesting habitat, nest site, & structure	B716
Parental care & feeding	B718
Young, from hatching to fledging (Growth & Development)	B720
Conservation	B900
Captives (Maintenance, rehabilitation, & release)	B902
Declining & endangered species	B904
Education programs, politics, planning	B906
Effects of man-made environmental changes	B908
Habitat protection & management; importance of non-breeding habitats	B910
Species protection & recovery	B912
Wild bird trade	B914
Diseases, parasites, & pathology
Diseases & disease transmission	C102
Parasites: external & internal	C104
Pathology & injury	C106
Distribution & avifaunas	C300
General, worldwide, or zoogeography	C302
Africa, sub-Saharan & Madagascar	C304
Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand	C308
Europe & Iceland	C310
Mexico, Central America, & Caribbean	C312
North Africa & Middle East	C316
North America & Greenland	C318
Northern Asia & Far East	C320
Oceanic islands not incl. elsewhere	C324
Oriental (India, SE Asia, Indonesia, Philippines)	C328
South America	C330
Documentation	C700
Bibliographies & databases	C702
Biographies, obituaries, & history	C704
Collecting & collections, taxonomic specimens	C706
Ecology, environment, & populations	C900
Biocides & pollution	C902
Climate & weather effects	C906
Habitat change, selection, & use; community structure, habitat suitability models	C908
Life span & survivorship	C910
Mortality causes	C912
Population numbers, censuses, trends, & dynamics	C914
Predation & predators	C916
Reproductive effort & productivity	C918
Site fidelity & dispersal	C920
Species composition & competition; biodiversity	C922
Winter and migration habitat & habits	C926
Evolution & systematics	D100
Classification & phylogeny	D103
Evolutionary patterns, rates, & processes: species or higher taxa	D105
Co-evolution or interaction between avian and non-avian species	D106
Intraspecific variation	D108
New taxa	D110
Taxonomy & nomenclature	D114
Food habits & nutrition	D300
Diet, food selection, & nutrition	D302
Foraging habits, food transport, storage	D306
Kleptoparasitism	D308
Genetics & hybridization
Genetic polymorphism, cytogenetics and molecular genetics	D504
Hybrids & progeny	D508
Identification	D700
Species and subspecies identification	D702
Sex or age class identification	D704
Migration & navigation	D900
Migratory behavior	D902
Migratory dates, timing, counts, & routes	D904
Migratory physiology	D906
Navigation & homing	D908
Morphology & physiology	E100
Abnormal external appearance	E101
Circulatory and lymphatic systems	E102
Digestive system	E104
Embryology & development of embryo	E106
Endocrine system & hormones	E108
Excretory system & water metabolism (Urinary structures, nasal glands)	E110
Integument (Feathers, molts, plumages, integumentary structures, skin)	E114
General morphology (Body size, sexual dimorphism, regional morphology)	E116
Physiology & biochemistry (Body composition, day length effects, energy metabolism, lipid physiology, protein physiology)	E118
Reproductive system & physiology	E120
Sensory & nervous system	E124
Skeletomuscular system	E126
Paleornithology	E300
Paleocene, Eocene, & Oligocene fossils	E304
Miocene & Pliocene fossils	E306
Pleistocene & Holocene fossils & subfossils	E308
Techniques
Censuses, maps, & surveys	E506
Environmental monitoring	E508
Feeding methods and diet analysis	E509
Field methods not included elsewhere	E510
Genetic methods	E512
Mathematical models	E514
Nesting studies	E515
Photographic & video documentation	E516
Physiological methods	E518
Predator and nuisance control	E520
Tracking & remote monitoring	E524
Trapping, netting, banding, & marking	E526

Acknowledgments: We appreciate the work of the following abstractors who contributed to this issue: Rob T. Barrett, Peter H. Becker, R. G. Bijlsma, Jeremy K. Blakey, Mike G. Brooker, P. W. P. Browne, Frank J. Dirrigl, Jr., Will Dixon, Ian D. Endersby, Karl Evans, Klaus-Michael Exo, Louise K. Gentle, Julie C. Hagelin, Erik Hirschfeld, David G. Hole, V. Keller, Barnaby Marsh, G. Mayr, Darren Moorcroft, T. Morris, Hisashi Nagata, G. Olioso, Harvey D. Perkins, John M. Peter, F. Pezzo, Derek E. Pomeroy, Fiona Proffitt, A. Radford, Ian C. Rowley, Fabrizio Sergio, Will K. Steele, T. Treharne, Milan Vogrin, Thomasz Wesolowski, Ryan Woodrow.

{B010} Subbuteo. The Belarusian Ornithological Bulletin. Vol. 1, 1998. P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus. Papers in the first volume deal with the occurrence, distribution, and nesting habits of birds in Belarus. In Russian, with English summaries. {ROL #80}

{B050} Kukila 9 will be the last volume distributed by subscription owing to lack of volunteer help. From Volume 10 onwards, Kukila will be available for sale from NHBS Mailorder Bookstore, 2-3 Wills Rd., Totnes, Devon TQ9 5XN, UK. EMail: nhbs@nhbs.co.uk Web site:< http://www.nhbs.com>. FAX: 44-01803-865-280. {ROL #80}

{B102} Wingfield, J. C., & M. Ramenofsky. 1997. Corticosterone and facultative dispersal in response to unpredictable events. Ardea 85: 155--166. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Washington, P.O. Box 351800, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Appert, O. 1997. [Distribution and biology of the Newtonias (Newtonia, Sylviidae) in the Mangoky region, Southwest Madagascar.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 39--52. (Höchweid, CH-6106 Werthenstein, Switzerland)---Newtonia archboldi, Newtonia brunneicauda. (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Aumann, T. 1995. Notes on African Hawk Eagles in the Matobo Hills, Zimbabwe. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 4--7. (Lot 1 Hansens Creek Rd., Hoddles Creek, Vic., Australia 3139.)---Egg-laying, reproductive success and food of Hieraaetus fasciatus.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B104} Benn, G. A., & A. C. Kemp. 1995. Diet, home range, hunting and reproductive behaviour of a pair of Dickinson's Kestrel Falco dickinsoni in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Ostrich 66: 81--91. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. of African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Berruti, A., J. Cooper, & I. P. Newton. 1995. Morphometrics and breeding biology of the White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis at sub-Antarctic Marion Island. Ostrich 66: 74--80. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. of African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Herholdt, J. J., & J. M. Mendelsohn. 1995. Survival and nest-site fidelity in the Martial Eagle in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park, South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 33--34. (Private Bag X1088, Lydenburg 1120, South Africa.)---Polemaetus bellicosus. {ROL #80}

{B104} Herholdt, J. J., A. C. Kemp, & D. du Plessis. 1996. Aspects of the breeding status and ecology of the Bateleur and Tawny Eagle in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park, South Africa. Ostrich 67: 126--137. (Mpumalanga Pks. Board, P.O. Box 1990, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa.)---Terathopius ecaudatus, Aquila rapax. {ROL #80}

{B104} Hines, C. J. H. 1992. Observations on the Slaty Egret Egretta vinaceigula in northern Namibia. Ostrich 63: 118--122. (Min. Wildl. Tourism, Priv. Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Distribution records, information on movements, habitat preference, diet, morphology and status.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B104} Hustler, K., & B. E. Marshall. 1996. The abundance and food consumption of piscivorous birds on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe/Zambia. Ostrich 67: 23--32. (P.O. Box 159, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Kemp, A. C. 1995. Aspects of the breeding biology and behaviour of the Secretarybird Sagittarius serpentarius near Pretoria, South Africa. Ostrich 66: 61--68. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., P.O. Box 413, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Komen, J., & C. J. Brown. 1993. Food requirements and the timing of breeding of a Cape Vulture colony. Ostrich 64: 86--92. (State Mus. Namibia, P.O. Box 1203, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Gyps coprotheres. {B702, D302} {ROL #80}

{B104} Little, R. M., R. M. Gous, & T. M. Crowe. 1993. The distribution and abundance of Grey-wing Francolin Francolinus africanus on the Stormberg Plateau, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, in relation to diet and substrata. Ostrich 64: 105--114. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Mlingwa, C. O. F. 1996. Breeding and moult cycles in three bulbul (Pycnonotidae) species in coastal Tanzania. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 388--396. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35064, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.) {B702, E114} {ROL #80}

{B104} Nuttall, R. J. 1992. Breeding biology and behaviour of the Quail Finch Ortygospiza atricollis. Ostrich 63: 110--117. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus., P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Nuttall, R. J. 1996. Notes on Delegorgue's Pigeon Columba delegorguei in the Karkloof, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Ostrich 67: 45--46. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus., P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B104} René de Roland, L.-A., R. Thorstrom, & R. T. Watson. 1996. Breeding records and nestling predation of Henst’s Goshawks on Masoala Peninsula, Madagascar. Ostrich 67: 168--170. (Peregrine Fund-Madagascar Project, B.P. 4113, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar.)---Accipiter henstii. {ROL #80}

{B104} Safford, R. J., & J. Beaumont. 1996. Observations on the biology of the Mauritius Cuckoo-shrike Coracina typica. Ostrich 67: 15--22. (Royal Holloway Inst. Environ. Res., Huntersdale, Callow Hill, Virginia Water, Surrey, GU25 4LN, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Safford, R. J. 1996. Notes on the biology of the Mauritius Black Bulbul Hypsipetes olivaceus. Ostrich 67: 151--154. (Durrell Inst. Conserv. Ecol., Univ. Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B104} Savalli, U. M. 1995. Morphology, territoriality and mating system of the Pintailed Whydah Vidua macroura. Ostrich 66: 129--134. (Dept. Biol., Allegheny Coll., Meadville, PA 16335, USA.) {B316, B714} {ROL #80}

{B104} Simmons, R., & S. Barnes. 1994. Breeding, foraging, trapping and sexing of Damara Terns in the Skeleton Coast Park, Namibia. Ostrich 65: 264--273. (Ornithol. Sec., Min. Environ. Tourism, Priv. Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Sterna balaenarum. {ROL #80}

{B104} Simmons, R. E., I. Cordes, & R. Braby. 1998. Latitudinal trends, population size and habitat preferences of the Damara Tern Sterna balaenarum on Namibia's desert coast. Ibis 140: 439--445. (Ornithol. Sec., Min. Environ. and Tourism, Private Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Life history strongly influenced by cold offshore ocean upwellings.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B104} Slotow, R., & M. R. Perrin. 1992. The importance of large prey for Black-shouldered Kite reproduction. Ostrich 63: 180--182. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.)---Elanus caeruleus. {D302} {ROL #80}

{B104} Thompson, H. S. S. 1995. Biometrics and breeding biology of the Bronze Mannikin Lonchura cucullata. Ostrich 66: 96--97. (Dept. Zool., Fourah Bay College, Univ. Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone.) {ROL #80}

{B106} Norman, F. I., & S. J. Ward. 1999. Aspects of the ecology of South Polar Skuas Catharacta maccormicki at Hop Island, Rauer Group, East Antarctica. Emu 99: 176--190. (Dept. Ecol. & Evol. Biol., Monash Univ., Clayton, Vic. 3168, Australia.)---Skua pairs whose territory did not include breeding Pygoscelis adeliae, even though they included breeding Thalassoica antarctica and Fulmarus glacialoides, produced proportionately fewer chicks than pairs with easy access to penguins because all skuas took penguin prey, and hence these birds were required to forage away from their territories.---W.K.S. {C918} {ROL #80}

{B110} Amann, F. 1997. [Dispersal, territory establishment and behaviour of juvenile Marsh Tits Parus palustris.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 5--18. (Sigmattstr. 18, CH-4460 Gelterkinden, Switzerland.)---Analysis of 2000 re-sightings of colour-ringed birds over 7 years. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B110} Arroyo, B. E. 1998. Effect of diet on the reproductive success of Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus. Ibis 140: 690--693. (Ctr. Natl. Rech. Sci., Ctr. d'Etudes Biol. Chizé, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France.)---Breeding success affected by lagomorph abundance, probably indirectly by affecting female condition.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Baccetti, N., & G. Cherubini (eds.). 1997. IV European conference on Cormorants. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 1--594. (Inst. Nat. Fauna Selvatica, Via Ca Fornacatta, 9-Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy.)---Contains 34 papers on distribution, general ecology, behaviour, feeding ecology and interactions with fishing interests, mainly Phalacrocorax carbo.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Barros, D., D. Ríos & J. R. Benítez. 1998 [Counts, breeding parameters and habitat selection in Montagu’s Harrier (Circus pygargus). in the countryside of Gibraltar.] Almoraima 19: 82--93. (Lcdo. en CC. Biológicas. Univ. Málaga, Spain.) (Spanish) {ROL #80}

{B110} Bezzel, E. 1995. [Seasonal distribution of Siskin Carduelis spinus in the Northern Alps: a long-term study from Bavaria.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 147--166. (Bayer. Landesanstalt f. Bodenkultur u. Pflanzenbau, Inst. f. Vogelkunde, Gsteigstr. 43, D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.)---Observations over 28 years indicate that autumn migrants arrive earlier now than before 1980, while overall abundance has not changed. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B110} Bezzel, E., R. Rust, & W. Kechele. 1997. [Territory turnover, reproduction and human persecution in a population of Goshawk Accipiter gentilis.] J. Ornithol. 138: 413--441. (Bayerische Landesanst. f. Bodenkultur u. Pflanzenbau, Inst. f. Vogelkunde, Gsteigstr. 43, D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.)---In a long-term study in southern Bavaria, "lifetime" reproduction for females was 2.44 and 16% of females produced 50% of offspring. (German, Engl. summary.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Bijlsma, R. G., & C. de Vries. 1997. [Breeding results and trends of raptors in The Netherlands in 1996.] Takkeling 5(1): 7--42. (Doldersummerweg 1, 7983 LD Wapse, The Netherlands.)---Detailed analysis based on 2382 nest cards. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Blanco, G., et al. 1998. Effects of nest-site availability and distribution on density-dependent clutch size and laying date in the Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax. Ibis 140: 252--256. (Dept. Biol. Anim., Univ. Alcala De Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain.)---At high density, breeding is more synchronised and clutches become smaller. More likely due to habitat heterogeneity than interference.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Bodbijl, A. 1997. [Behaviour and feeding ecology of breeding Long-eared Owls Asio otus in SE-Brabant (Belgium).] Limosa 70: 97--100. (Tovermolen 18, 5629 LH Eindhoven, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B110} Bolmann K., H.-U. Reyer, & P. A. Brodmann. 1997. Territory quality and reproductive success: can Water Pipits Anthus spinoletta assess the relationship reliably? Ardea 85: 83--98. (Zool. Inst., Univ. Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.)---Reproductive success determined only by nest predation.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Brinkhof, M. W. G. 1997. Seasonal variation in food supply and breeding success in European Coots Fulica atra. Ardea 85: 51--65. (Neth. Inst. Ecol., P.O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, Netherlands.)---Seasonal variation in insect abundance is causally related to hatching date and chick survival.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Carlson, A. 1998. Territory quality and feather growth in the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos. J. Avian Biol. 29: 205--207. (Dept. Conserv. Biol., Swedish Univ. Agric. Sci., Box 7002, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.)---Ptilochronological study of moulted feathers and feathers from museum specimens suggest that birds living 55-150 years ago experienced a better quality forest landscape than birds do today.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Cucco, M., & G. Malacarne. 1997. The effects of supplemental food on time budget and body condition in the Black Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus. Ardea 85: 211--221. (Dept. Sci. Adv. Technol., Univ. Torino, via Cavour 84, I-15100 Alessandria, Italy.) {ROL #80}

{B110} Eskelin, T., & J. Pursiainen. 1998. The status of ‘Lesser Black-backed Gulls’ of heuglini, graellsii and intermedius types in Finland. Alula 4: 42--54. (Arvopostinkuja 6 C, FIN-90160 Oulu, Finland.)---Also identification features, one plate and 20 colour photographs.---E.H. {ROL #80}

{B110} Fajardo, I., et al. 1998. Habitat selection, activity peaks and strategies to avoid road mortality by the Little Owl Athene noctua. A new methodology for owl research. Alauda 66: 49--60. (Dept. of Diversity, Coll. Marcelo Spìnola. Univ. Wales, Pza Arzobispo, 1. Umbrete, Sevilla. E-41806, Spain.)---Road counts with light intensifier. 303 owl contacts.---G.O. {E506} {ROL #80}

{B110} Frede, M., & H. Langbehn. 1997. A contribution to the identification and distribution of Armenian Gull. Alula 3: 102--108. (Michael Frede, Hauptmühle 5, D-57339 Erndtebrück, Germany.)---Larus armenicus. {ROL #80}

{B110} Genero, F., & M. Caldana. 1997. [The Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy): status, distribution, ecology]. Fauna 4: 59--78. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B110} Glutz von Blotzheim, U. N. 1996. [25 years of research on the avifauna of the Swiss Alps.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 95--102. ('Kappelmatt', Herrengasse 56, C-6430 Schwyz, Switzerland.)---Ecological research on Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix, Montifringilla nivalis, Prunella collaris, Emberiza cia, Emberiza hortulana, Motacilla cinerea, Cinclus cinclus, Sylvia borin, Carduelis cannabina. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B110} Halupka, K. 1998. Vocal begging by nestlings and vulnerability to nest predation in Meadow Pipits Anthus pratensis; to what extent do predation costs of begging exist? Ibis 140: 144--149. (Univ. Wroclaw, Dept. Avian Ecol., Sienkiewicza 21, Pl-30335 Wroclaw, Poland.)---Survival is not lower in louder broods because parents silence nestlings when a predator is nearby and nest guarding does not influence the probability of detection by predators.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Hoi, H., & R. Ille. 1997. Does insect sampling reflect food availability in Marsh Warblers Acrocephalus palustris? a reply to Schulze-Hagen and Dowsett-Lemaire. Ibis 139: 699--701. (Konrad Lorenz Inst. Vergleichende Verhaltensforschung, Savoyenstr. 1 a, Box 90325, Vienna A-1160, Austria.) {ROL #80}

{B110} Ivanova, M. N. 1998. [Relation of plumage color, age and acoustical features of song in Pied Flycatcher males.] Ornithologia 28: 126--135. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Most song features in male Ficedula hypoleuca show no correlation with plumage type and age. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Ivanovsky, V. V., & V. Y. Kuzmenzo. 1998. [Great Grey Shrike (Lanius excubitor) at raised bogs in northern Belarus.] Subbuteo 1: 21--24. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.)---Life-cycle parameters, feeding habits and predation by raptors. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Leito, A. 1998. The Common Crane in Estonia in 1997. Hirundo 11: 43--48. (Postkast 227, Tartu EE2400, Estonia.)---Breeding and migration data for Grus grus.---T.K.T. {D904} {ROL #80}

{B110} Ludwichowski, I. 1997. [Long-term changes of wing-length, body mass and breeding parameters in first-time breeding female Goldeneyes (Bucephala clangula clangula) in Northern Germany.] Vogelwarte 39: 103--116. (Ahornweg 4a, D-24211 Preetz, Germany.)---From 1971--1995 body mass, clutch size, and hatching success increased, wing length decreased. Breeding success showed no trend. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{B110} Norman, S. C. 1997. Juvenile wing shape, wing moult and weight in the family Sylviidae. Ibis 139: 617--630. (62 Birkdale Rd., Errington Pk., New Marske, Cleveland TS11 8JB, UK.)---In relation to migratory distance.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Pollock, C., et al. 1997. The distribution of seabirds and cetaceans in the waters around Ireland. JNCC Report 267. (JNCC, Dunnet Ho., 7 Thistle Pl., Aberdeen, AB10 1UZ, Scotland, UK.)---Identifies and describes year-round dispersion patterns. Considers oil pollution impact.---W.J.D. {ROL #80}

{B110} Riddington, R., et al. 1997. Fair Isle seabird studies 1997. JNCC Rep., No. 274. (Fair Isle Bird Obs., Fair Isle, Shetland ZE2 9JU, UK.)---Census, breeding productivity, adult survival, and diet for 13 seabird species.---A.R. {ROL #80}

{B110} Schulze-Hagen, K., & F. Dowsett-Lemaire. 1997. Habitat, food and male parental investment in the Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris; a comment on the paper by Ille and Hoi. Ibis 139: 698--699. (Bergerstr. 163, D-41068 Mönchengladbach, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{B110} Senar, J. C., J. L. Copete, & A. J. Martin. 1998. Behavioural and morphological correlates of variation in the extent of postjuvenile moult in the Siskin Carduelis spinus. Ibis 140: 661--669. (Mus. Zool., Apartado 593, 08080 Barcelona, Spain.)---Related to energetic constraints and social status.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Siblet, J. P. 1997. [Birds of France: Great Shearwater Puffinus gravis.] Ornithos 4: 136--137. (3 allée des mimosas, F-77250 Ecuelles, France.)---Status, identification. (French.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B110} Stienen, E. W. M., & A. Brenninkmeijer. 1997. [Food and growth of Short-eared Owl, Asio flammeus.] Limosa 70: 5--10. (DLO-IBN, PO. Box 23, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.)---Main food was Calidris alpina and Apodemus sylvaticus; growth curves of wing length and body mass. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Swann, R. L. 1997. Canna [Scotland] seabird studies 1997. JNCC Report 268. (Highland Ringing Group, 14 St. Vincent Rd., Tain, Ross-shire, IV19 1JR, UK.)---Diet, breeding success and population counts.---W.J.D. {ROL #80}

{B110} Telleria, J. L., & R. Carbonell. 1999. Morphometric variation of five Iberian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla populations. J. Avian Biol. 30: 63--71. (Dept. Biol. Anim. 1 (Vert.), Fac. de Biol., Univ. Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.)---Recognized two morphological groups, one in northern and central Iberia and one in southern Iberia, which correlated with their migration and feeding habits.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B110} Thiollay, J. M., & R. Wolf. 1998. [Breeding of the Osprey Pandion haliaetus in continental France. Ecology, population growth and conservation.] Alauda 66: 1--12. (Lab. Ecol. E.N.S., 46 r. d'Ulm, F-75230 Paris Cedex 05, France.)---6 pairs in 1997. Breeding success, foraging and prey, origin of breeding birds, suggested conservation measures. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B110} Wesolowski, T., & L. Tomialojc. 1995. [Bird studies in the Bialowieza Forest (Poland)---an overview.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 111--146. (Dept. Avian Ecol. & Nat. Hist. Mus., Wroclaw Univ., Sienkiewicza 21, 50 335 Wroclaw, Poland.)---Summarizes studies on populations, breeding biology, ecology and behaviour of birds in this large primeval forest. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B110} Willi, G. 1996. [Observations of River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis in Liechtenstein.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 177--178. (Schalunstr. 7, FL--9490 Vaduz, Fürstentum Liechtenstein.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B110} Wymenga, E. 1997. [Early roosting Black-tailed Godwits Limosa limosa in summer 1993 as an indication for a poor breeding season.] Limosa 70: 71--75. (Veenhout 11, 9269 VL Veenwouden, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B114} Reynolds, J. 1997. Body condition, territory ownership and age--related reproductive performance in Spruce Grouse Dendragapus canadensis hens. Ibis 139: 646--651. (E.G.I., Dept. Zool., Univ. Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3PS, UK)---Differences in condition and occupancy do not account for differences in reproductive performance.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B116} Torres Esquivias, J. A., & A. Alcala-Zamora Barron. 1998. L’Erismature rousse (Oxyura jamaicensis) au Maroc. Porphyrio 9: 1--12. (Oxyura, Apdo. No. 3059, 14080-Cordoba, Spain.)---Ruddy Duck in Morocco. (French)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{B118} Flynn, L., E. Nol, & Y. Zharikov. 1999. Philopatry, nest-site tenacity, and mate fidelity of Semipalmated Plovers. J. Avian Biol. 30: 47--55. (47490 Mtn. Pk. Dr., Chilliwack, B.C. V2P 7P6 , Can.)---Six-yr. study of Charadrius semipalmatus in Manitoba, Canada.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B118} Lieser, M., M. Zakrzewski, & B. Sittler. 1997. [Summer ecology of Ptarmigan Lagopus mutus on Traill Island, NE Greenland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 225--232. (Forstzool. Inst. der Univ. Freiburg i. Br., Fohrenbühl 27, D-79252 Stegen-Wittental, Germany.)---Results from 2 radio-tracked adult birds. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B120} Klaus, S., W. Scherzinger, & Y. Sun. 1996. [Ecology and behaviour of the Chinese Grouse Bonasa sewerzowi.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 343--365. (Thüringer Landesanstalt f. Umwelt, Prüssingstr. 25, D-07745 Jena, Germany)---Habitat and behaviour described from observations in the wild. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B120} Konyukhov, N. B. 1998. [Distribution and biology of the Pigeon Guillemot (Cepphus columba) on Chukotka peninsula (Russia).] Ornithologia 28: 140--147. (A.N. Severtsov Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 117071, Russia.)---Basic breeding parameters; population estimated at 35,000 pairs. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B120} Kupriyanov, A. G., & I. F. Kupriyanov. 1997. [Observations on spring migration and breeding of geese and swans in northern taiga of western Siberia.] Casarca 3: 369--371. (Russian Res. Inst. Nat. Prot., Moscow, Russia.)---Counts of 5 species from 1996 during delayed spring conditions. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B120} Lee, W.-S., & S.-W. Kim. 1996. [Food and nest boxes of wild birds in natural and degraded ecosystems.] Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 43--50. (Wildl. Div., For. Res. Inst., Seoul 130-012, Korea.)---4 Parus species (Korean, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B120} Mochaliv, S. I. 1997. [Geese and swans of the"Chayguurgino"wildlife refuge, northeastern Yakutia (Russia).] Casarca 3: 372--377. (Nizhnekolymskaya Inspection Kolyma Basin Comm. Nat. Conserv., Sakha-Yakutia, Russia.)---Population estimates and trends, and breeding biology for 7 species. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B120} Phach, N. Q., & J. F. Voisin. 1998. Influence of cave structure, microclimate and nest harvesting on the breeding of the White-nest Swiftlet Collocalia fuciphaga germani in Vietnam. Ibis 140: 257--264. (Khanh Hoa Salangane Nest Co., 38-40 Tran Quy Cap, Nha Trang, Vietnam.) {ROL #80}

{B120} Suzuki, H. 1998. [The breeding status of the Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica at Yahata River mouth, Hiroshima (Japan).] Strix 16: 99--108. (Sanctuary Ctr., Wild Bird Soc. Japan, 15-8 Nanpeidai, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.)---Population density, nest site usage and nesting success. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B120} Volkov, A. E., J. de Korte, & H. U. Peter. 1997. [Dark-bellied Brent Geese (Branta bernicla bernicla) in Severnaya Zemlya and the Dikson area (Taymyr), Russian arctic.] Casarca 3: 126--138. (All Russian Res. Inst. Nat. Conserv., Moscow, Russia.)---Summarises breeding and moulting distributions, and breeding biology using data from 1931 to 1996.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B128} Arndt, T., & W. Raharjaningtrah. 1998. Parrots and their status on Simeulue Island, west Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia. Papageienkunde 2: 11--17. (Bruckenfeldstr. 30, D-75015 Bretten, Germany.)---Population estimates and descriptions of Loriculus galgulus, Psittinus cyanurus, and Psittacula alexandri.---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{B128} Indrawan, M., Y. Masala, & L. Pesik. 1998. Observations on the breeding behaviour of Sula Scrubfowl Megapodius bernsteinii in the Banggai Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Forktail 13: 13--16. (Indonesian Found. Advancement Biol. Sci., Jalan Nusantara Raya 174, Depok 16421, Indonesia.)---Nesting behaviour and social organisation.---I.C.R. {B314, B700} {ROL #80}

{B128} Rasmussen, P. C. 1998. Tytler's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tytleri: non-breeding distribution, morphological discrimination, and aging. Forktail 14: 17--28. (Room 336, NHB MRC 114, Div. Birds, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, DC 20560-0131, USA.)---Species migrates regularly through the Himalayas and winters in Western Ghats and Nilgiris.---I.C.R. {C328, D702, D704, D904} {ROL #80}

{B128} Riley, J. 1998. Recent observations of the Sangihe Hanging Parrot Loriculus catamene. Papageienkunde 2: 1--9. (1 The Croft, Seahouses, North Sunderland NE68 7KA, UK.)---Habitat use, flocking behaviour, diet, vocalisations and conservation.---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{B132} Fraser, M. W., et al. 1994. Biology of the Tristan Thrush Nesocichla eremita. Ostrich 65: 14--25. (Sandbanks, Kenmuir Steps, Glencairn, 7995, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B300} Gavrilov, V. M., et al. 1998. Population and ecological effect of flocking and group settlements with special reference to Great Tit. Ornithologia 28: 52--59. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Relationships between territoriality, competitive interactions and social dominance, and individual energetics---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B300} Kharitov, S. P. 1997. [Brood interactions in the Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans).] Casarca 3: 139--155. (Moscow Bird Ringing Ctr., Moscow, Russia.)---Geese have no permanent territories, but show territorial type behaviour in inter-brood distances and interactions. Conflict outcome is determined by order of initiation, adult age, male dominance status and position in colony.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B300} Krams, I. 1998. Dominance-specific vigilance in the Great Tit. J. Avian Biol. 29: 55--60. (Dept. Sci., Daugavpils Pedagogical Univ., LV-5407 Daugavpils, Latvia.)---Field observations and removal experiments of Parus major suggest that dominants benefit from personal vigilance, and that dominance is site-related.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B300} Savalli, U. M. 1993. The behaviour of male Yellow-mantled Widowbird Euplectes macrourus in western Kenya. Ostrich 64: 57--62. (Dept. Integrative Biol., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.) {ROL #80}

{B300} Woets, D. 1997. [Remarkable behaviour of Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus.] Takkeling 5(2): 5--6. (Woldweg 5, 8337 KN De Pol, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B302} Boer, P. de, & H. Hut. 1997. [Can Hobbies Falco subbuteo prevent nest predation?] Takkeling 5(3): 47--51. (Lagelandsterweg 6, 9623 PC Lageland, Netherlands.)---Detailed observations of interspecific behaviour. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B302} Buchholz, R. 1997. Male dominance and variation in fleshy head ornamentation in Wild Turkeys. J. Avian Biol. 28: 223--230. (Dept. Biol., Northeast Louisiana Univ., Monroe, LA 71209-0520, USA.)---Dyadic dominance trials between unfamiliar captive-reared Meleagris gallopavo.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B302} Cilento, N. J., & D. N. Jones. 1999. Aggression by Australian Magpies Gymnorhina tibicen toward human intruders. Emu 99: 85--90. (DNJ: Aust. Sch. Environ. Studies, Griffith Univ., Nathan, Qld. 4111, Australia.)---Aggression by breeding magpies towards human intruders onto their territories was investigated at rural and suburban sites. Suburban breeding pairs varied in their aggression, but 97.5% of all their attacks were by males. None of the rural magpies were aggressive towards human intruders, although they were as aggressive towards other, heterospecific, bird intruders as the suburban magpies.---W.K.S. {ROL #80}

{B302} Shankar Raman, T. R. 1998. Aerial casque-butting in the Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis. Forktail 13: 123--124. (Ctr. Ecol. Res. & Conserv., 3076/5, IVth Cross, Mysore-570 002, India.) {ROL #80}

{B302} Simmons, R. E., & J. M. Mendelsohn. 1993. A critical review of cartwheeling flights of raptors. Ostrich 64: 13--24. (Min. Wildl. Tourism, Priv. Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Interpreted as mainly aggressive encounters, not courtship.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B304} McCann, K. J., & A. C. Kemp. 1994. Hunting behaviour of a fledgling Greater Kestrel Falco rupicoloides and its mother during the post-fledgling period. Ostrich 65: 1--6. (Zool. Dept., Univ. Witwatersrand, P.O. Box Wits 2050, South Africa.) {B720} {ROL #80}

{B306} Gargett, V. 1994. Cartwheeling and other flights of a solitary territorial Black Eagle in the Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe. Ostrich 65: 333--334. (12 Charles Veale Dr., W. Beach, SA 5024, Australia.)---Aquila verreauxii. {ROL #80}

{B306} Londei, T. 1998. Observations on Hume's Groundpecker Pseudopodoces humilis. Forktail 14: 74--75. (Dipto. Biol., Univ. Studi, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.)---Typical bouncing gait proposed as anti-predator measure.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{B306} Nachtigall, W. 1998. Starlings and starling models in wind tunnels. J. Avian Biol. 29: 478--484. (Zool. Inst., Univ. Saarlandes, D-6600 Saarbrücken, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{B306} Pennycuick, C. J. 1998. Field observations of thermals and thermal streets, and the theory of cross-country soaring flight. J. Avian Biol. 29: 33--43. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Bristol, Woodland Rd., Bristol BS8 1UG, UK.)---Analysis of 1500 km survey of thermals over the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania using a motor glider.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B306} Pennycuick, C. J. 1998. Towards an optimal strategy for bird flight research. J. Avian Biol. 29: 449--457. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Bristol, Woodland Rd., Bristol BS8 1UG, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B306} Speakman, J. R., & D. Banks. 1998. The function of flight formations in Greylag Geese Anser anser; energy saving or orientation? Ibis 140: 280--287. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.)---Orientation hypothesis rejected; formations reduced flight costs by 4.5--9.0%.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B306} Spedding, G. R., & P. B. S. Lissaman. 1998. Technical aspects of microscale flight systems. J. Avian Biol. 29: 458--468. (Dept. Aerospace Engineering, Univ. South. California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1191, USA.) {ROL #80}

{B306} Thomas, A. L. R., & A. Hedenström. 1998. The optimum flight speeds of flying animals. J. Avian Biol. 29: 469--477. (Oxford Univ., Dept. Zool., S. Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B306} Wilson, R. P., et al. 1999. To think or swim: does it really cost penguins more to waddle? J. Avian Biol. 30: 221--224. (Inst. für Meereskunde, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105, Kiel, Germany.)---Magellanic Penguins Spheniscus magellanicus walk obliquely up the shore rather than perpendicularly, behavior that saves little or no time but can save energy under certain circumstances.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B308} Allan, D. G. 1995. Observations on roosting Blue Cranes. Ostrich 66: 148--150. (Avian Demography Unit, Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Anthropoides paradisea. {ROL #80}

{B308} Bijlsma, R. G. 1997. [Sunning behaviour of a Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus.] Takkeling 5(3): 31--37. (Doldersummerweg 1, 7983 LD Wapse, Netherlands.)---Quantified description, based on semi-captive bird. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B308} Cunningham-van Someren, G. R. 1996. Active anting by weavers and sunbirds at Karen, Kenya. Ostrich 67: 165. (P.O. Box 24947, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya.)---Ploceus xanthops, Nectarinia kilimensis. {ROL #80}

{B308} Iwasaki, Y., & H. Ichiishi. 1998. [Roosts of the Japanese Wood Pigeon on Oshima and Toshima in Izu Islands (Japan).] Strix 16: 89--98. (12-4 Mitsune, Hachijo-machi, Hachijo-shima, Tokyo 100-15, Japan.)---Winter and continual roosts of Columba janthina. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B308} Kitowski, I., & Wojtak, E. 1998. [Roosting platforms of the Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus in the post-breeding season and their usage by other vertebrates.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 111--120. (Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody UMCS, Akademicka 19, 20--033 Lublin, Poland.)---Mostly by roosting owls. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{B308} Paek, W.-K., & J.-C. Yoo. 1996. Time budgets of the Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris, in the daytime of the breeding season. Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 1--9. (Dept. Nat. Hist. Natl. Sci. Mus., Taejon 305-338, Korea.)---Analyzed into 12 categories of behaviour for both sexes.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B308} Stock, M., & F. Hofeditz. 1997. [Compensatory limits: energy budgets of Brent Geese, Branta b. bernicla, the influence of human disturbance.] J. Ornithol. 138: 387--411. (Nationalparkamt Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer, Schlossgarten 1, D-25832 Toenning, Germany.)---Activity and energy budgets were recorded under different degrees of disturbance in the Wadden Sea salt marsh (Netherlands). Branta bernicla bernicla in the disturbed area compensated time-loss for feeding and higher energetic costs through more flights by a change in activity pattern and eating more.(German, Engl. summary.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B308} Wood, K. A. 1999. Roosting habits of the Red-whiskered Bulbul at Wollongong, New South Wales [Australia]. Aust. Bird Watcher 18: 75--80. (7 Eastern Ave., Mangerton, NSW 2500, Australia.)---Sub-flocks of Pycnonotus jocosus assemble before forming communal roost; two types of call recorded.---I.D.E. {B320} {ROL #80}

{B308] Bavoux, C., G. Burneleau, & M. Picard. 1997. [Use of roosting place by Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus in Charente-Maritime, west France.] Alauda 65: 321--336. (Le Marais aux Oiseaux, Les Grissotières, F-17550 Dolus-d'Oléron, France.)---Analysis of 201 roosting sites, 2045 contacts concerning 578 birds. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B310} Andersson, S. 1999. Morphology of UV reflectance in a whistling-thrush: implications for the study of structural colour signalling in birds. J. Avian Biol. 30: 193--204. (Dept. Zool., Göteborg Univ., Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.)---Myiophonus caeruleus. {ROL #80}

{B310} Yosef, R. 1997. Reactions of Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) to seismic tremors. J. Ornithol. 138: 543--546. (Int. Birdwatching Center in Eilat, P.O. Box 774, Eilat 88106, Israel.)---Herons showed signs of restlessness 30--60 s before humans could feel the tremors.---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B312} Berthelot, J. Y., & G. Navizet. 1997. [Is the courtship behaviour of the Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides the end of a discrete evolution?] Nos Oiseaux 44: 211--227. (3 r. George sand, F-38130 Echirolles, France.)---Characteristic "Bow dance" appears as the final stage of an evolution across the different species of Ardeidae. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B312} Brooke, R. K. 1992. Apparent reverse mounting in the African Rail Rallus caerulescens. Ostrich 63: 185. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B312} Drachmann, J., J. Komdeur, & J. J. Boomsma. 1997. Copulation behaviour in the Linnet Carduelis cannabina and the insemination window hypothesis. J. Avian Biol. 28: 191--196. (Dep. Ecol. & Genetics, Univ. Aarhus, Bldg. 540, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.)---Focal observations of 30--50 pairs over 3 years in Denmark.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B312} Hagelin, J. C. 1999. Sexual selection, plumage ornamentation and behavior of Gambel’s and Scaled Quail. Ph.D. dissert., Univ. New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. (Univ. Connecticut, Dept. Ecol. & Evol. Biol., U-43, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; EM: hagelin@sp.uconn.edu)---The roles of plumage ornaments, male behavior rate, and body size were examined in Callipepla gambelii and Callipepla squamata. Experimental manipulation and field observations suggest that testosterone-controlled behaviors and body size are more important in sexual selection than the ornate traits of males. Field data on mating habits suggest Callipepla gambelii is more polygynandrous in wetter years.---J.C.Hag. {mate choice, plumage ornaments, male-male competition, New World Quail; B302, B114, B714} {ROL #80}

{B312} Massa, R. 1995. Performance of socio-sexual activity at a communal site in the African Orange-bellied Parrot Poicephalus rufiventris. Ostrich 66: 141. (Dipto. Sci. Ambiente Territorio, Univ. Studi Milano, via Emanueli 15, 20126, Milano, Italy.) {ROL #80}

{B312} Nakamura, M., & Kubota, H. 1998. Food supply in early spring and stability of pair bonds in the Varied Tit Parus varius. J. Avian Biol. 29: 201--205. (Lab. Anim. Ecol., Dept. Biol., Joetsu Univ. of Educ., 1 Yamayashiki-machi, Joetsu-shi, Niigata 943, Japan.)---Artificial food supply promoted stability of pair bonds and thus may make age composition more stable.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B312} Roulin, A. 1996. [Courtship and pair formation in the Barn Owl Tyto alba.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 184--189. (Zool. Inst., Univ. Bern, CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.)---Examines the proportions of successful and unsuccessful courtship from occurrence of mummified prey in nest boxes. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B314} Hirano, T., et al. 1998. [Communal roosting of Eastern Marsh Harriers wintering at Watarase Marsh (Japan).] Strix 16: 1--15. (Wild Bird Soc, Hoshigaoka 2-2-10-101, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0038, Japan.)---Timing, habitat and usage by Circus spilonotus over 3 winters. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B314} Lindeque, M., & J. Kapner. 1993. Cooperative group defence by Pied Babblers Turdoides bicolor results in death of avian predator. Ostrich 64: 189. (Etosha Ecol. Inst., P.O. Box Okaukuejo, via: Outjo, Namibia.)---Gabar Goshawk Micronisus gabar---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B314} Slotow, R., W. Goodfriend, & G. L. Maclean. 1993. The social structure of captive Cape Sparrow flocks. Ostrich 64: 63--66. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.)---Passer melanurus. Males not necessarily dominant. Morphometric variables not correlated with social status.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B314} Thiollay, J. M., & M. Jullien. 1998. Flocking behaviour of foraging birds in a Neotropical rain forest and the antipredator defence hypothesis. Ibis 140: 382--394. (Ecol. Lab., ENS, 46 R. d’ Ulm, F-75230 Paris 05, France.)---Permanent mixed species flocks are an anti-predator defence compensating for conspicuousness and reduced vigilance during foraging in semi-open vegetation.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B314} Weinhold, J. 1998. [Analysis of the social behaviour of a community of Blue-fronted Amazons Amazona aestiva kept in captivity.] Papageienkunde 2: 103--176. (Coimbraer Str. 12, D-06132 Halle (Saale), Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B314} Yaukey, P. H. 1994 Variation in racial dominance within the winter range of the dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis L.). J. Biogeogr. 21: 359--368. (Dept. Geogr., Univ. New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.---Interactions in mixed flocks of 5 races showed that the same race dominates in each race-pair comparison across sites, but the percentage won by each race varied significantly between sites. Simulations suggest that non-random site occupation occurs, and that the patterns observed are not explained by dominant races excluding subordinates from favourable sites.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B314} Zyl, A. J. van, & S. T. Newton. 1996. Flocking of Greater Kestrels and Rock Kestrels during the non-breeding season. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 18--19. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., P.O. Box 413, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.)---Falco rupicoloides , Falco tinnunculus rupicolus. {ROL #80}

{B316} Bosch, S., & P. Havelka. 1998. [Telemetric studies on the daily activities of the magpie (Pica pica) in winter.] Vogelwarte 39: 171--175. (Postfach 1242, D-74208 Leingarten, Germany.)---Home range size was about 0.75 km², daily flight distances varied between 3200 and 4100 m. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E {ROL #80}

{B316} Bried, J., & P. Jouventin. 1998. Why do Lesser Sheathbills Chionis minor switch territory? J. Avian Biol. 29: 257--265. (Ctr. Natl. de la Rech. Scientifique, Ctr. d’Études Biol. de Chizé, 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France.)---They move to obtain territories of higher quality, i.e., those close to seabirds among whose nests they feed.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B316} Din, N. A. 1992. Territorial areas and shapes in the two species of village weavers (Ploceus cucullatus and P. nigerrimus). Afr. J. Ecol. 30: 42--48. (2740-No.4 Rd., Richmond, BC V6X 2L5, Can.) {ROL #80}

{B316} Hamao, S., & K. Ueda. 1999. Reduced territory size of an island subspecies of the [Japanese] Bush Warbler. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 57--60. (Urawa-Minami High Sch., Tsuji 6-5-31, Urawa 336-0026, Japan.)---Cettia diphone. {ROL #80}

{B316} Ivanisskii, I. I. 1998. [Space-related behaviour in birds.] Ornithologia 28: 6--25. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Reviews space personalisation, monopolisation and exploitation in birds. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B316} Johnstone, I. 1998. Territory structure of the Robin Erithacus rubecula outside the breeding season. Ibis 140: 244--251. (RSPB, The Lodge, Sandy SG19 2DL, Beds, UK.)---Space use is complex, non-uniform and multinuclear. Birds defend constant resource territories with high short-term fidelity, with some long-term range shift.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B316} Li, F.-M., & P.-X. Li. 1998. [A comparative study on territories of White-naped Crane and Red-crowned Crane.] Acta Zool. Sinica 44: 109--111. (Dept. Biol., Mudanjiang Normal Coll., Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province 157012, China.)---Grus japonensis, Grus vipio. (Chinese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B316} Salamolard, M. 1997. [Home-range and maximum range of hunting of Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus.] Alauda 65: 307--320. (Ctr. Etudes Biol. de Chizé, F-79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France.)---Of 14 wing-tagged birds, 5 were radio-tracked. Data on home-range and hunting distance from the nest vary from the method. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B316} Schaub, M. 1996. [Territory choice and settlement of Woodchat Shrikes Lanius senator in northern Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 163--168. (Egg-Gasse 19, CH-4312 Magden, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B316} Whitelaw, D. A. 1995. Home range behaviour of the Steppe Buzzard Buteo buteo vulpinus in the non-breeding season. Ostrich 66: 94--96. (27 Roosevelt Road, Claremont, 7700, Cape Town, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Bergen, F., & M. Abs. 1997. [Etho-ecological study of the singing activity of the Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus), Great Tit (Parus major) and Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs).] J. Ornithol. 138: 451--467. (Ruhr Univ. Bochum, Lehrstuhl f. Allgem. Zool. u. Neurobiol., D-44780 Bochum, Germany.)---Effects of a large city's ecological conditions on singing behaviour. (German, Engl. summary.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Dabelsteen, T., et al. 1998. Quiet song in song birds: an overlooked phenomenon. Bioacoustics 9: 89--105. (Dept. Pop. Biol. & Sound Communication, Univ. Copenhagen, Tagensvej 16, DK-2200 Copenhagen H, Denmark.)---Data from 6 species support the predictions that quiet singing functions as an unobtrusive signal and occurs during periods of high background noise.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Erasmus, R. P. B. 1992. Notes on the call of the Grass Owl Tyto capensis. Ostrich 63: 184--185. (P.O. Box 888, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Galeotti, P. 1998. Correlates of hoot rate and structure in male Tawny Owls Strix aluco: implications for male rivalry and female mate choice. J. Avian Biol. 29: 25--32. (Lab. di Eco-etol. dei Vert., Dipto Biol. Animale, Univ. Pavia, Piazza Botta 9, I-27100, Pavia, Italy.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Goretskaya, M. Y., & V. V. Korbut. 1998. [Structural and functional peculiarities of Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus) songs.] Ornithologia 28: 46--51. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.) (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Hafton, S., & J. P. Hailman. 1997. Do the Siberian tits Parus cinctus in Scandinavia and Siberia speak the same language? Bioacoustics 8: 223--247. (Norwegian Uni. Sci. & Technol., 7004 Trondheim, Norway.)---Comparison of ten main call types.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B320} Haftorn, S., et al. 1998. Independent discoveries of a new, apparently homologous call in the Willow Tit Parus montanus and Black-capped Chickadee Parus atricapillus. Ibis 140: 174--176. (Norwegian Univ. Sci. and Technol., The Mus., N-7004 Trondheim, Norway.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Hegelbach, J. 1996. [Song ontogeny and repertoire size in ornithological bioacoustics: Different points of view or interspecific differences?] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 111--118. (Zool. Mus. Univ. Zürich-Irchel, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.)---Contrasting hypotheses on the role of repertoire size in the context of female choice. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B320} Jurisevic, M. A., & K. J. Sanderson. 1998. A comparative analysis of distress call structure in Australian passerine and non-passerine species: influence of size and phylogeny. J. Avian Biol. 29: 61--71. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.)---Analysis of recordings from 65 species of Australian passerines, parrots and raptors. Similar structural properties found in many species.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Lambrechts, M. M. 1997. Song frequency plasticity and composition of phrase versions in Great Tits Parus major. Ardea 85: 99--109. (1919 Route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Lloyd, P., P. E. Hulley, & A. J. F. K. Craig. 1996. Comparisons of the vocalizations and social behaviour of southern African Pycnonotus bulbuls. Ostrich 67: 118--125. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.) {B314} {ROL #80}

{B320} Lloyd, P., P. E. Hulley, & A. J. F. K. Craig. 1994. Song in the Black-eyed Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus as an indicator of philopatry. Ostrich 65: 248--249. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B320} May, L. 1998. Individually distinctive Corncrake Crex crex calls: a further study. Bioacoustics 9: 135--148. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Manchester Metropolitan Univ., John Dalton Bldg., Chester St., Manchester M1 5GD, UK.)---Discriminant analysis of inter-pulse intervals is better than neural nets at assigning calls to individuals---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Monadjem, A., N. I. Passmore, & Kemp, A. C. 1994. Territorial calls of allopatric and sympatric populations of two species of Pogoniulus tinkerbarbet in southern Africa. Ostrich 65: 339--341. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Witwatersrand, P.O. Box Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Naguib, M., & D. Todt. 1998. Recognition of neighbors song in a species with large and complex song repertoires: the Thrush Nightingale. J. Avian Biol. 29: 155--160. (Inst. Verhaltensbiologie, Freie Univ. Berlin, Haderslebener Str. 9, D-12163 Berlin, Germany.)---Play-back field experiments with male Luscinia luscinia.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Nuttall, R. J. 1993. Vocal behaviour of the Quail Finch Ortygospiza atricollis. Ostrich 64: 97--104. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, P.O. Box 375, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Payne, R. B., L. L. Payne, & M. E. D. Nhlane. 1992. Song mimicry and species status of the green widowfinch Vidua codringtoni. Ostrich 63: 86--97. (Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.) {ROL #80}

{B320} Payne, R. B., L. L. Payne, & C. R. Barlow. 1997. Observation of Savile's Bustard Eupodotis savilei in The Gambia. Malimbus 19: 97--99. (Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.)---Vocalizations and audio spectrogram.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Peake, T. M., et al. 1998. Individuality in Corncrake Crex crex vocalizations. Ibis 140: 120--127. (Univ. Nottingham, Dept. Life Sci., Behav. and Ecol. Res. Group, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.)---Vocal individuality determined by fine structure and discriminant function analysis of calls. Individual call structure was stable over 2 years.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Puglisi, L., O. Cima, & N. E. Baldaccini. 1997. A study of the seasonal booming activity of the Bittern Botaurus stellaris; what is the biological significance of the booms? Ibis 139: 638--645. (Dipto. Sci. Comportamento Anim. & Uomo, Via Volta 6, I--56126 Pisa, Italy.)---Increased booming during chick rearing suggests a role in defense of feeding territory.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B320} Thönen, W. 1996. [On the geographic variation in the song of Parus montanus.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 1--34. (Fauggersweg 54, CH-3232 Ins, Switzerland.)---Presents the distribution pattern throughout Europe and Asia and the probable history of colonisation of different areas. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B320} Tretzel, E. 1997. [Learning of nonspecific sounds and "musicality" of birds: imitation and variation of a music scale by Shamas Copsychus malabaricus.] J. Ornithol. 138: 505--530. (FB Biol., Univ. Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.) (German, Engl. summary.)---A 7-yr-old caged Shama as well as two young birds rapidly learned a scale, transposed and varied it, implying a degree of musicality.---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B500} Keller, V. 1995. [Effects of human disturbance on birds---a literature review.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 3--38. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Reviews papers published 1965--94. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B500} Lieshout, H. van., et al. 1997. [Raptor persecution in The Netherlands in 1996.] Takkeling 5(1): 43--51. (Lange Bleek 1, 6029 RW Sterksel, Netherlands.)---Mainly deliberate poisoning and nest disturbance of Buteo buteo and Accipiter gentilis. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B500} Mikkola, H. 1997. Comparative study on general public owl knowledge in Malawi and in Eastern and Southern Africa. Nyala 20: 25--35. (FAO, P.O. Box 30750, Lilongwe 3, Malawi.)---Cultural relationships between owls and human communities.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{B500} Quaisser, Ch., & O. Hüppop. 1995. [Which human activities disturb the 'synanthropic' Great Bustard Otis tarda in an agricultural landscape?] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 269--274. (Naturschutzstn. Buckow, Dorfstr. 34, D-14715 Buckow bei Nennhausen, Germany.)---Humans and agricultural machines increased heart rate of incubating birds. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B500} Zeitler, A. 1995. [Skiing and Tetraonids.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 227--230. (Rothenfelsstr. 7, D-87509 Immenstadt, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B502} Koks, B., A. Straatsma, & R. G. Bijlsma. 1997. [Common Wasps Vespula vulgaris, insecticides and Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus.] Takkeling 5(3): 16--19. (Bekemaheerd 129, 9737 PS Groningen, Netherlands.)---Poisoning of Honey Buzzard following wasp treatment with Propoxur. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B502} Park, S.-K., et al. 1996. A study on bird aircraft strike hazard in the Kimpo international airport [Korea] and its countermeasures. Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 11--21. (Korea Inst. Ornithol., Kyung-Hee Univ., Seoul 130-701, Korea.) {ROL #80}

{B504} Adamek, Z., H. Klinger & E. Staub. 1997. Cormorants in Europe---the evaluation of EIFAC/FAO questionnaire campaign. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 347--353. (Dezernate fur Fischerei, Albaum, Heinsberger Straße 53, 57399 Kirchundem, Switzerland.)---Describes European Cormorant distribution in relation to impact on fishing activities. Fishery yield losses estimated at 4 million ECU across Europe.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B504} Carss, D. N., M. Marquiss & A. W. Lauder. 1997. Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo carbo predation at a major trout fishery in Scotland. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 281--294. (Inst. Terrestrial Ecol., Hill Brathens, Glassel, Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY, Scotland, UK.)---Predation had no significant effect on angling harvest and killing Cormorants did not elevate fish catches in a trout population approaching carrying capacity.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B504} Dobrowolski, K. A., & R. Dejtrowski. 1997. Control of the population of Cormorants as pests of fish stock in Poland. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 355--359. (Inst. Ecol., Polish Acad. Sci., 05-092 Lomianki, Dziekanów Lesny n. Warsaw, Poland.)---Over 5000 Phalacrocorax carbo were shot in Poland 1987--1994. Colonies are nevertheless increasing in size and new colonies are being established, giving a current population of 11,000--12,000 pairs.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B504} Egenström, H. 1997. Do Cormorants deplete numbers close to their breeding colonies? Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 345--345. (Dept. Zool., Sec. Pop. Biol., Univ. Uppsala, Villavägen 9, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.)---For Phalacrocorax carbo, prey density was not significantly decreased within 10 km of the colony.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B504} Fernandez, O. 1997. [In defense of the Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans michaellis in the Marseille islands, south-east France.] Bull. Assoc. Sauvegarde Puffins Iles de Marseille 1997: 3--27. (134 r. Jaubert, F-13005 Marseille, France.)---Against population control. (French.)---G.O. {B912} {ROL #80}

{B504} Keller, T., et al. 1997. The impacts of Cormorants on the fish stocks of several Bavarian water bodies with special emphasis on the ecological and economical aspects. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 295--311. (Tech. Univ. Munchen, Angewandte Zool., Block III, D-85350 Freising/Weihenstephan, Germany.---Phalacrocorax carbo. {ROL #80}

{B504} Marion, L. 1997. Comparison between the diet of breeding Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis, captures by fisheries and available fish species: the case of the largest inland colony in France, at the Lake of Grand-Lieu. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 313--322. (Lab. Evol. Syst. Nat., Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Univ. Rennes, UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Campus Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.)---Species composition of catches by cormorants differed significantly from the fish stocks available. Birds took an estimated 3% of stock, considered negligible for any single fish species.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B504} Stempniewicz, L., M. Goc, & Cz. Nitecki. 1998. [The need to conduct ecological studies on the Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo in Poland.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 33--46. (Katedra Ekologii Krêgowców UG., Legionów 9, 80-441 Gdañsk, Poland.)---Extensive studies of limiting factors and bird impact on fisheries necessary. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{B504} Van Dam, C. 1997. Cormorants and commercial fisheries in the Netherlands. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 333--341. (Natl. Reference Ctr. Nat. Manage., PO Box 30, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.)---Amounts of commercially important Perch and Pikeperch consumed by Phalacrocorax carbo in the breeding season are of the same order as those caught by fisheries.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B504} Volponi, S. 1997. Cormorants wintering in the Po delta [Italy]: estimate of fish consumption and possible impact on aquaculture production. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 323--332. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.)---Phalacrocorax carbo feed on significant quantities of commercially valuable fish of both artificially raised and unmanaged stocks (Mullet, Sea Bass, Sea Bream and Eel). This is both quantitatively and economically important.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B508} Meriggi, A., & W. Pandini. 1997. [Analysis of small game restocking in Italy and related questions.] Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 27: 61--73. (Lab. Ecol. Ethol. Vert., Dept. Biol. Anim., Univ. Pavia, Piazza Botta, 9-27100 Pavia, Italy.)---Yield related to restocking effort in naturally low density populations of game birds. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.S. {ROL #80}

{B508} Njoroge, P., et al. 1997. The validity of open seasons for sandgrouse shooting: analysis of an 11-year data set from Kenya. Afr. J. Ecol. 35: 186--193. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus. Kenya, P. O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya.)---Shooting and breeding seasons for Pterocles decoratus and Pterocles exustus show considerable overlap.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{B508} Zbinden, N., & M. Salvioni. 1997. [Hunting of Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix in the Canton of Ticino (southern Switzerland) 1963--1995.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 331--346. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Analyses the effect of different regulations to limit hunting pressure. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B509} Eguchi, K., & H. E. Amano. 1999. Naturalisation of exotic birds in Japan. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 97--114. (Dept. Biol., Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.)---Histories of alien avian introductions, and the possible impact of exotic birds on native species in Japan. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---H.N. {ROL #80}

{B509} Lockwood, J. L., et al. 1996. Morphological dispersion of the introduced land-birds of Saint Helena. Ostrich 67: 111--117. (Dept. Ecol. Evol. Biol., 569 Dabney Hall, Univ. Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.) {ROL #80}

{B510} Van Zegeren, K., & J. G. M. Wilson. 1997. Bird catching at Lake Chilwa [Malawi]. Nyala 20: 37--46. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Malawi, P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi.)---25--50% of the local populations of 4 species of waterbirds may be trapped by local villagers. Discusses conservation implications.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{B510} Vogrin, M. 1999. [Crane’s image in the coat of arms of Raèe.] Acrocephalus 20: 23--25. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Adamian, M. S., & K. A. Melikian. 1997. [On the Greylag Goose (Anser anser) nesting at the fish ponds of Aras (Araxes) river valley (Armenia).] Casarca 3: 168--171. (Inst. Zool., NAS Armenia, Zool. Mus., Yerevan, Armenia.)---Basic breeding data of a recently discovered and endangered population. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Adde, C. 1998. [Breeding of Myiopsitta monachus in south-west France.] Alauda 66: 66--67. (Quartier Le More, F-40160 Parentis-en-Born, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Al-Safadi, M. M. 1997. On the breeding biology of the Spur-winged Plover, Hoplopterus spinosus, in the Gaza Strip. Zool. Middle E. 14: 47--52. (Biol. Dept., Faculty of Sci., Al-Azhar Univ., Gaza Strip.)---Nest, egg-laying, incubation, development of young and adult behaviour.---T.M. {ROL #80}

{B700} Alivizatos, H. V. Goutner, & M. G. Karandinos. 1998. Reproduction and behaviour of the Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus) in North-eastern Greece. Vogelwarte 39: 176--182. (Zaliki 4, GR-115 24 Athens, Greece.)---Mean fledging success was 0.93 young/pair, productivity was influenced by the number of nests in the home range and forest free area.---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{B700} Ballestrazzi, M. 1998. [Density and breeding biology of a Wryneck Jynx torquilla population in the Modenese valley (Italy).] Picus 24: 35--39. (CISNIAR -Mus. Ecol. Storia Nat., p.zza Matteotti, 28-41054 Marano s/P (MO), Italy.)---Nestbox population over 10 years. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Barrios Partida, F. 1998 [Arrival and nest occupation of White-rumped Swifts (Apus caffer) in the countryside of Gibraltar.] Almoraima 19: 225--230. (SEO, Mancomunidad de Municipios del campo de Gibraltar, Dept. Cultura, Parque "Las Acacias", 11207 Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Bosis, A. I. 1997. [Breeding habits of the Dipper Cinclus cinclus aquaticus in central Slovenia.] Acrocephalus 18: 172--179. (Na Jami 8, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Brun, L., & P. Pilard. 1997. [Breeding of the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni in Crau, south-east France in 1997.] Faune de Provence 18: 111--112. (3 r. du Midi, F-13104 Mas Thibert, France.)---48 pairs fledged only 60 young. Fidelity to the area is high but 80 % of the individuals breed in sites different from their birthplace. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C918, C920} {ROL #80}

{B700} Bukaciñski, D., M. Bukaciñska, & A. L. Spaans. 1998. Experimental evidence for the relationship between food supply, parental effort and chick survival in the Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus. Ibis 140: 422--430. (DLO Inst. For. and Nat. Res., Dept. Anim. Ecol., PO Box 23, Nl-6700 Aa Wageningen, Netherlands)---When food was scarce, chick mortality increased owing to starvation and more predation owing to changes in behaviour of adults and chicks.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Bukreyev, S. A. 1998. [Materials on breeding of the Bonelli's Eagle (Hieraaetus fasciatus) in Kopetdagh, Turkmenistan.] Ornithologia 28: 154--158. (Ostrovityanova St., 18-3-100, Moscow 117321, Russia.)---Basic breeding biology. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Catry, P., N. Ratcliffe, & R. W. Furness. 1998. The influence of hatching date on different life-history stages of Great Skuas Catharacta skua. J. Avian Biol. 29: 299--304. (R. de Campolide 215, 4°dto, 1070 Lisboa, Portugal.)---16-yr study of effect of hatching date on chick body condition, chick survival, post-fledging survival and eventual breeding performance as adult on Shetland.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Chae, H.-Y. 1998. [Effects of inclement weather conditions on laying interruption and clutch size of the Russet Sparrow Passer rutilans.] Strix 16: 17--23. (Lab. Wildl. Ecol., Obihiro Univ. Agric. Vet. Med., Inada, Obihiro 080, Japan.) (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {C906} {ROL #80}

{B700} Comolet-Tirman, J. 1998. [Breeding data for Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca in Fontainebleau forest.] Alauda 66: 67--68. (62 Ave. de la forît, F-77210 Avon, France.)---Clutch size, laying dates, breeding success. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B700} Cordero, P. J., J. H. Wetton, & D. T. Parkin. 1999. Within-clutch patterns of egg viability and paternity in the House Sparrow. J. Avian Biol. 30: 103--107. (Dept. Ecol. Evol., Mus. Nac. de Cienc. Nat., C.S.I.C., J. Gutierrez Abascal, 2. 28006 Madrid, Spain.)---A significant clustering of both infertile eggs and extra-pair young of Passer domesticus was noted in the earliest eggs in a clutch. Possible causes are discussed.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Crivelli, A. J., D. Hatzilacou, & G. Catsadorakis. 1998. The breeding biology of the Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus. Ibis 140: 472--481. (Stn. Biol. Tour du Valat, 13200 Arles, France.)---In NW Greece. Breeding success depends on hatching success, not nestling mortality.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} de Swardt, D. H. 1992. Notes on the breeding biology of Gurney’s Sugarbird. Ostrich 63: 136--137. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus., Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.)---Promerops gurneyi. {ROL #80}

{B700} Dijkstra, C., & M. Zijlstra. 1997. Reproduction of the Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus in recent land reclamations in The Netherlands. Ardea 85: 37--50. (Zool. Lab., Univ. Groningen, P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, Netherlands)---Reproductive output declined parallel to decrease of food abundance and increase in nest predation by Vulpes vulpes.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Dijkstra R. 1997. [Reproduction of Lapwing Vanellus vanellus and Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus in high-intensity farmland near Ravenswoud {Netherlands} in 1997.] Drentse Vogels 10: 13--18. (Burg. Jollestraat 11, 9401 LD Assen, Netherlands.)---No breeding success without specific nest protection. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Din, N. A. 1992. Breeding of the Black-headed Village Weaver (Ploceus cucullatus) and the Chestnut-and-Black Weaver (P. nigerrimus) in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Afr. J. Ecol. 30: 49--64. (2740-No.4 Rd., Richmond, BC V6X 2L5, Can.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Dombrovski, V., et al. 1998. [Raven Corvus corax in Belarus: breeding ecology.] Alauda 66: 13--24. (Inst. Zool., 27 r. Akademicheskaia, 220072 Minsk, Belarus.)---Data on 188 nests. Nest density, tree species, nest support, clutch size, egg-laying dates. Brood size correlated with nest height. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B700} Durrer, H., F. Buner, & Ch. Rivera. 1995. [Breeding population of the Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos in the 'Petite Camargue alsacienne' (Alsace, France).] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 484--487. (Med. Biol. (Univ. Basel), Schönbeinstr. 40, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.)---Breeding density and nest sites. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B700} Ehrich, D. 1997. [Breeding biology of Lapland Bunting Calcarius lapponicus, Shore Lark Eremophila alpestris and Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis in the arctic tundra of West-Taymyr (Siberia).] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 209--224. (Zool. Inst. der Univ. Basel, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Green, A. J. 1998. Clutch size, brood size and brood emergence in the Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris in the Marismas del Guadalquivir, southwestern Spain. Ibis 140: 670--675. (Estacíon Biol. Doñana, Apartado 1056, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.)---First detailed study of breeding biology. Recent decline of this globally threatened species attributed to its late breeding season combined with changes in the timing of habitat flooding.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Herholdt, J. J. 1992. Breeding of the White-faced Owl in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park [South Africa]. Ostrich 63: 183--184. (Kalahari Gemsbok Natl. Pk., Priv. Bag X5890, Gemsbokpark, 8815, South Africa.)---Otus leucotis. {ROL #80}

{B700} Isenmann, P., & G. Fradet. 1998. Nest site, laying period, and breeding success of the Woodchat Shrike (Lanius senator) in Mediterranean France. J. Ornithol. 139: 49--54. (Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionelle et Evolutive (CNRS/UPR 9056), 1919 Route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cedex, France.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Kemp, A. C. 1993. Estimation of nesting activity by Laughing Doves in the Pretoria District, South Africa. Ostrich 64: 134--135. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., P.O. Box 413, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.)---Streptopelia senegalensis. {ROL #80}

{B700} Koks, B., & E. Visser. 1997. [Montagu's Harriers Circus pygargus breeding in The Netherlands in 1996.] Takkeling 5(1): 58--67. (Bekemaheerd 129, 9737 PS Groningen, Netherlands.)---23 territories, mainly in farmland, showed poor breeding success. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Konyukhov, N. B. 1998. Biology of the Cassin's Auklet at Buldir Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Ornithologia 28: 148--153. (A.N. Severtsov Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 117071, Russia.)---Basic breeding parameters and chick growth rates for Ptychoramphus aleuticus.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Körtner, G., & F. Geiser. 1999. Nesting behaviour and juvenile development of the Tawny Frogmouth Podargus strigoides. Emu 99: 212--217. (Dept. Zool., Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.)---Five nests were monitored and chick growth recorded at 4--7-day intervals from hatching to fledging, between 26 and 30 days after hatching.---W.K.S. {B720} {ROL #80}

{B700} Lepage, D., A. Desrochers, & G. Gauthier. 1999. Seasonal decline of growth and fledging success in Snow Geese Anser caerulescens: an effect of date or parental quality? J. Avian Biol. 30: 72--78. (Bird Stud. Canada, Long Pt. Bird Obs., P.O. Box 160, Port Rowan, ON N0E 1M0, Can.)---Seasonal variation in growth and reproductive success is caused mostly by environmental factors related to date of season.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Meilvang, D., A. Moksnes, & E. Røskaft. 1997. Nest predation, nesting characteristics and nest defence behaviour of Fieldfares and Redwings. J. Avian Biol. 28: 331--337. (AM: Dept. Zool., Norw. Univ. Sci. & Technol., NTNU, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.)---Study of 116 Turdus pilaris and 85 Turdus iliacus nests, and responses of adults to stuffed Corvus corone corvix placed on the nest rim for 5 mins. at different stages of nesting cycle.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Mizuta, T. 1998. The breeding biology of the Black Paradise Flycatcher. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 25--28. (Dept. Zool., Fac. Sci., Kyoto Univ., Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.)---Terpsiphone atrocaudata. {ROL #80}

{B700} Monadjem, A., N. Owen-Smith, & Kemp, A. C. 1994. Position of nest, incubation period and nestling period of the Arrow-marked Babbler. Ostrich 65: 341. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Witwatersrand, P.O. Box Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.)---Turdoides jardineii. {ROL #80}

{B700} Njoroge, P., & D. Mutinda. 1996. Notes on nesting of Hinde’s Babbler Turdoides hindei and Northern Pied Babbler Turdoides hypoleucus in Central Kenya. Ostrich 67: 170--172. (Natl. Mus. Kenya, Dept. Ornithol., P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Phillips, R. A., & R. W. Furness. 1998. Repeatability of breeding parameters in Arctic Skuas. J. Avian Biol. 29: 190--196. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. Durham, S. Rd., Durham DH1 3LE, UK.)---Study of clutch volume, laying dates and chick growth among pairs of Stercorarius parasiticus which retained or changed partner. Body condition also influenced laying date or clutch volume.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Pöysä, H., et al. 1999. Nest-site selection in relation to habitat edge: experiments in the Common Goldeneye. J. Avian Biol. 30: 79--84. (Finn. Game & Fish. Res. Inst., Evo Game Res. Stn., Kaitalammintie 75, FIN-16970 Evo, Finland.)---Although Bucephala clangula prefer nest boxes erected on lake shore, nest predation rate did not differ between shore and forest nest boxes.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Randall, R., & M. Herremans. 1994. Breeding of the Slaty Egret Egretta vinaceigula along the Boro River in the central Okavango Delta (Botswana). Ostrich 65: 39--43. (C/O Box 266, Kasane, Botswana.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Ratcliffe, N., R. W. Furness, & N. I. Klomp. 1998. Influences of breeding experience on the reproductive performance of Great Skuas Catharacta skua. J. Avian Biol. 29: 293--298. (RSPB, The Lodge, Sandy, Beds SG 19 2DL, UK.)---5-year study of clutch size, egg volume, and hatching success on Shetland. Only clutch size and egg volume increased with breeding experience.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B700} Riedstra, B. J. 1997. [Two anomalous broods of the Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus.] Limosa 70: 33. (Poelestraat 38b5, 9712 KB Groningen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Tarboton, W. R. 1992. Aspects of the breeding ecology of the African Jacana. Ostrich 63: 141--157. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Witwatersrand, 2001, Johannesburg, South Africa.)---Actophilornis africana. {ROL #80}

{B700} Tidemann, S. C., et al. 1999. Breeding biology of the Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae, an endangered finch of northern Australia. Emu 99: 191--199. (Conserv. Comm. NT, P.O. Box 496, Palmerston, NT 0831, Australia.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Trujillo, D., & R. Barone. 1998. [Breeding of Accipiter nisus in avocado farming in the Canary Islands.] Alauda 66: 69. (C/ El Durazno, 47-E-38400 Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Canarie Islands.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Verhulst, S., & J. M. Tinbergen. 1997. Clutch size and parental effort in the Great Tit Parus major. Ardea 85: 111--126. (Neth. Inst. Ecol., P.O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Vogrin, M. 1998. [Breeding of the Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus at Dravsko polje (Slovenia).] Acrocephalus 19: 14--20. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.)---Mainly in maize fields, up to 9.3 pairs/10 ha. (Slovene, Engl. summ.)---M.V. {B716} {ROL #80}

{B700} Vogrin, M. 1998. [Breeding of the Jackdaw on the Dravsko polje (Slovenia).] Falco 13-14: 57--60. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B700} Whyte, I. A, Du T. Otto, & B. Barton. 1993. Marabou nesting in Kruger National Park [South Africa]. Ostrich 64: 186. (Natl. Pks. Board, Priv. Bag X402, Skukuza, 1350, South Africa.)---Leptoptilos crumeniferus. {ROL #80}

{B702} Aparicio, J. M. 1998. Individual optimization may explain differences in breeding time in the European Kestrel Falco tinnunculus. J. Avian Biol. 29: 121--128. (Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat. (CSIC), Depto. Ecol. Evol., J. Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.)---Experimental cross-fostering of clutches of equal size but different laying dates.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B702} Byshnev, I. I & K. D. Stavrovsky. 1998. [On the biology of the Red-breasted Flycatcher (Ficedula parva) in Berezinsky Nature Reserve (Belarus).] Subbuteo 1: 25--28. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.)---Nesting data for 20 nests. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B702} Christen, W. 1996. [Early and late broods of the Grey Heron Ardea cinerea near Altreu (canton of Solothurn, Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 79--81. (Langendorfstr. 42, CH-4500 Solothurn, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B702} Evans, I. M., P. J. Cordero, & D. T. Parkin. 1998. Successful breeding at one year of age by Red Kites Milvus milvus in southern England. Ibis 140: 53--57. (JNCC, Vertebrate Ecol. and Conserv. Br., Monkstone Ho., City Rd. Peterborough PE1 1JY, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B702} Filchagov, A. V. 1997. [Mass renesting of Barnacle Geese (Branta leucopsis) on the Kanin Peninsula, Russia.] Casarca 3: 101--108. (Severtsov Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, Russia.)---Owing to human predation, at least 70 pairs re-nested. This suggests that arctic geese do not have a limited energy budget during breeding. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B702} Hirano, T. 1998. [Second breeding attempts of Japanese Sparrowhawks in residential areas.] Strix 16: 167--170. (2-3-15 Yoshino, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0838, Japan.)---Repeat nesting of Accipiter gularis. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B702} Muff, S. 1995. [Early laying date of the Swallow Hirundo rustica.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 483. (Schulhaus, Rümelbach, CH-8153 Rümlang, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B702} Savalli, U. M. 1993. The timing of breeding and moult of the Yellow-mantled Widowbird Euplectes macrourus in western Kenya. Ostrich 64: 49--56. (Dept. Integrative Biol., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.)---Egg laying from May to September. Moulting occurs prior to breeding.---R.M.W. {E114} {ROL #80}

{B702} Thompson, J. J. 1993. Opportunistic breeding by the Red-billed Quelea in eastern Kenya. Ostrich 64: 32--37. (Japan Wildl. Res. Ctr., Yushima 2-29-2 Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.)---Quelea quelea. Opportunism underlined by prolonged breeding, early sexual maturation of young queleas together with their entry into the breeding population.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B702} Trolliet, B. 1997. [An early clutch of Black Tern Chlidonias niger.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 243--244. (Chanteloup, F-85340 L'Ile d'Olonne, France.)---29 May 1995. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B702} Veldkamp, R. 1997. Early breeding by Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis at Wanneperveen, The Netherlands: profiting by spawning Roach Rutilus rutilus. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 99--109. (De Rikking 46, NL-8332 CG Steenwijk, The Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{B704} Berruti, A., B. McIntosh, & R. Walter. 1995. Parasitism of the Blue Swallow Hirundo atrocaerulea by the Greater Honeyguide Indicator indicator. Ostrich 66: 94. (Durban Nat. Sci. Mus., P.O. Box 4085, Durban, 4000, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B704} Dupont, B. 1997. [Male Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus helping a pair of Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros to feed young.] Ornithos 4: 188--189. (Maison de la Nature, F-70150 Brussey, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B704} Eens, M., & R. Pinxten. 1999. Responses of male Spotless Starlings Sturnus unicolor to experimental intraspecific nest parasitism vary in relation to the nesting stage. J. Avian Biol. 30: 122--125. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.)---Males ejected all parasitic eggs laid between ten and four days before their mates started to lay.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B704} Kim, C.-H. 1996. [Behavioural characteristics between the parasite and host: Crow Tits Paradoxornis webbianus and Common Cuckoos Cuculus canorus.] Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 51--57. (Korea Inst. Ornithol., Kyung-Hee Univ., Seoul 130-701, Korea.)---Observations at 6 nests (Korean, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{B704} Lebreton, J. D., P. Defos du Rau, & N. Sadoul. 1998. [Chick of Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus raised by Black-headed Gull L. ridibundus.] Alauda 66: 61--62. (CEFE/CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{B704} Maclean, G. L. 1993. A new host for the Red-chested Cuckoo Cuculus solitarius in southern Africa. Ostrich 64: 136. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, P.O. Box 375, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.)---Long-tailed Wagtail, Motacilla clara. {ROL #80}

{B704} Mermoz, M. E., & G. J. Fernández. 1999. Low frequency of Shiny Cowbird parasitism on Scarlet-headed Blackbirds: anti-parasite adaptations or nonspecific host life-history traits? J. Avian Biol. 30: 15--22. (Inst. Biol. & Med. Exp.-CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina.)---Experimental identification of specific anti-parasite defenses of Amblyramphus holosericeus against Molothrus bonariensis.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B704} Moskát, C., & T. I. Fuisz. 1999. Reactions of Red-backed Shrikes Lanius collurio to artificial Cuckoo Cuculus canorus eggs. J. Avian Biol. 30: 175--181. (Anim. Ecol. Res. Group of the Hungarian Acad. Sci., c/o Hungarian Nat. Hist. Mus., Budapest, Baross u. 13., H-1088, Hungary.)---Red-backed Shrike, an occasional Cuckoo host in Europe, is probably able to recognize its own eggs and thus reject parasitic ones.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B704} Nowakowski, J. K., W. K. Nowakowski, & C. Mitrus. 1997. [Successful mixed broods of the Great Tit Parus major and Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. Notatki Ornitol. 38: 315--321. (Zaklad Zoologii WSRP, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.---2 cases, review of literature on mixed broods in hole-nesters. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{B704} Øien, I. J., et al. 1998. Costs of Cuckoo Cuculus canorus parasitism to Reed Warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus. J. Avian Biol. 29: 209--215. (Norw. Ornith. Soc., Seminarpl. 5, N-7060 Klæbu, Norway.)---Comparisons of breeding success of 1108 parasitized and unparasitized nests in the Czech Republic over 5 years.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B704} Solovieva, D. 1997. [Incubation of Brent Goose (Branta bernicla nigricans) eggs by Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus). Casarca 3: 158--159. (Lena-Delta State Nat. Res., Sakha-Yakutia, Russia.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B704} Yamaguchi, Y., & T. Saitou. 1997. Intraspecific nest parasitism in the Grey Starling, Sturnus cineraceus. Ecol. Res. 12(2): 211--221. (Inst. Biol. Sci., Univ. Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305, Japan.)---Sixty-one of 290 nests contained at least one conspecific parasitic egg between 1992 and 1993.---H.N.{ROL #79}

{B704} Yoshida, Y. 1998. [Brood parasitism of the Japanese Accentor Prunella rubida by the Cuckoo Cuculus canorus on Mt. Fiji in Japan.] Strix 16: 163--166. (Tobechou 3-105-1, Nishi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 220-0042, Japan.) (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B706} Armstrong, A. J., & J. Juritz. 1996. Prediction of cooperative breeding by terrestrial bird species in South Africa. Ostrich 67: 1--8. (Dept. Nat. Conserv. Manage., Univ. Stellenbosch, Priv. Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.)---Prediction from ecological and life-history traits.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B706} du Plessis, M. A. 1994. Cooperative breeding in the Trumpeter Hornbill Bycanistes bucinator. Ostrich 65: 45--47. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Feeding contributions by two adult males.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B706} Kemp, A., & A. Van Zyl. 1998. Co-operative breeding by Collared Falconets Microhierax caerulescens. Forktail 13: 131--132. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., Box 413, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B706} Kharitonov, S. P. 1998. Waterbird colony structure: system approach. Ornithologia 28: 26--37. (Moscow Bird Ringing Ctr., Leninsky Prospect, 86-310, Moscow 117313, Russia.)---Conceptual overview of coloniality.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B706} Macedo, R. G., & C. A. Bianchi. 1997. Communal breeding in tropical Guira Cuckoos Guira guira: sociality in the absence of a saturated habitat. J. Avian Biol. 28: 207--215. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil.) {ROL #80}

{B706} Syroechkovski, E. E. 1997. [Mixed colonies of two subspecies of Brent Geese in the Olenyok Bay, Yakutia (Russia).] Casarca 3: 114--125. (Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Moscow, Russia.)---5 mixed colonies consisted of approximately 48% Dark-bellied Brent Branta bernicla bernicla, 41% Black Brant Branta bernicla nigricans and 10% mixed pairs or pairs with birds of intermediate plumage. Nigricans arrive earlier and nest in the core of gull colonies and have smaller clutches; bernicla arrive later, breed on the edge of gull colonies and have larger clutches. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B706} Wright, J. 1998. Helping-at-the-nest and group size in the Arabian Babbler Turdoides squamiceps. J. Avian Biol. 29: 105--112. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK)---3-yr study showed that helping-at-the-nest had a positive and linear effect on reproductive success of parents and reduced provisioning effort required of other group members.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Craig, A. J. F. K. 1996. Eggs and incubation in passerine birds: let's admit our ignorance. Ostrich 67: 96--97. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.)---Basic information lacking on southern African birds. {ROL #80}

{B710} Din, N. A. 1992. Hatching synchronization and polymorphism in the eggs of Ploceus cucullatus and P. nigerrimus with data on nest parasitism. Afr. J. Ecol. 30: 252--260. (2740-No.4 Rd., Richmond, BC V6X 2L5, Can.) {B704} {ROL #80}

{B710} Erikstad, K. E., T. Tveraa, & J. O. Bustnes. 1998. Significance of intraclutch egg-size variation in Common Eider: the role of egg size and quality of ducklings. J. Avian Biol. 29: 3--9. (NINA, Dept. Arctic Ecol., Storgt. 25, N-9005, Tromsø, Norway.)---Female Somateria mollissima allocate resources to eggs differentially and investment may affect growth rate and survival of ducklings.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Gory, G. 1997. [The egg of the Common Swift Apus apus. Hour of laying, size and shape.] Alauda 65: 337--342. (Mus. Hist. Nat., 13 bis bd Amiral Courbet, F-30000 Nîmes, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B710} Hainsworth, F. R., et al. 1998. Time and heat allocations to balance conflicting demands during intermittent incubation by Yellow-eyed Juncos. J. Avian Biol. 29: 113--120. (Dept. Biol., Syracuse Univ., Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.)---Junco phaeonotus. {ROL #80}

{B710} Heaney, V., R. G. Nager, & P. Monaghan. 1998. Effect of increased egg production on egg composition in the Common Tern Sterna hirundo. Ibis 140: 693--696. (Ornithol. Grp., Div. Environ. Evol. Biol., Univ. Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.)---Experimentally induced additional eggs had thinner shells, suggesting calcium resources become limiting.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Hipfner, J. M., A. J. Gaston, & L. N. De Forest. 1997. The role of female age in determining egg size and laying date of Thick-billed Murres. J. Avian Biol. 28: 271--278. (Dep. Biopsychol., Memorial Univ. Newfoundland, St. Johns, NF A1B 3X9, Can.)---2-yr study in Canada shows that characteristics of individual Uria lomvia largely mediated by age during early reproduction attempts, determine egg size.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Hong, S. B., Y. T. Woo, & S. Higashi. 1998. Effects of clutch size and egg-laying order on the breeding success in the Little Tern Sterna albifrons on the Nakdong Estuary, Republic of Korea. Ibis 140: 408--414. (Graduate Sch. Environ. Earth Sci., Hokkaido Univ.,Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.)---Small clutches had lower hatching success; in 3-egg clutches, last-laid eggs were significantly less successful.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Kentish, B. 1999. Breeding of Australian White Ibis, Straw-necked Ibis and Silver Gulls on Winter Swamp, Ballarat [Australia] from 1990--1997. Corella 23: 37--42. (Ctr. Environ. Manage., Univ. Ballarat, P.O. Box 663, Ballarat, Vic. 3353, Australia.)---Clutch size, nest density and timing for Threskiornis molucca, Threskiornis spinicollis and Larus novaehollandiae.---I.D.E. {B702} {ROL #80}

{B710} Mènguez, E. 1998. The costs of incubation in the British Storm-petrel: an experimental study in a single-egg layer. J. Avian Biol. 29: 183--189. (Estación Biol. Doñana (CSIC), Pabellón del Perœ, Avda, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain.)---Hatching success of Hydrobates pelagicus was higher in nests where incubation period was shortened than in nests where it was prolonged. Neither fledging success nor chick growth differed between treatments. Experiment influenced laying date in subsequent year.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Oschadleus, H. D. 1996. Incubation and nestling periods of the Masked Weaver. Ostrich 67: 46--48. (211 Cheverney Flats, 30 Joan Street, La Montagne, 0184, South Africa.)---Ploceus velatus. {B720} {ROL #80}

{B710} Picman, J., & S. Pribil. 1997. Is greater eggshell density an alternative mechanism by which parasitic cuckoos increase the strength of their eggs? J. Ornithol. 138: 531--541. (Ottawa-Carleton Inst. of Biol., Dept. of Biol., Univ. of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Can.)---A study of several parasitic and non-parasitic species supports the hypothesis.---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Slotow, R., M. Lawes, & M. R. Perrin. 1995. Female Red Bishop incubation attentiveness. Ostrich 66: 142--145. (Biol. Dept., Univ. Natal, Durban, Priv. Bag X10, Dalbridge, 4014, South Africa.)---Euplectes orix. {ROL #80}

{B710} Slotow, R., M. Lawes, & K. Goddard. 1996. Incubation patterns of southern African birds. Ostrich 67: 98. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Natal, Durban, Priv. Bag X10, Dalbridge, 4014, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B710} Walters, M. 1998. The eggs of the Grey-crowned Prinia Prinia cinereocapilla. Forktail 13: 128--129. (Bird Gp., Nat. Hist. Mus., Tring, Herts HP23 6AP, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B710} Weidinger, K. 1998. Incubation and brooding rhythm of the Cape Petrel Daption capense at Nelson Island, south Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Ibis 140: 163--170. (Ornithol. Lab., Palacky Univ., Tr Svobody 26, Cz-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.)---Pairs where females contributed more to incubation had higher breeding success.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Weimar, V., & K.-H. Schmidt. 1998. [Studies on the egg quality of the Great Tit (Parus major) in relation to soil condition.] J. Ornithol. 139: 3--9. (Oekol. Auaenst. d. Joh. Wolfg. Goethe Univ. Frankfurt, Schlagweg 19, D-36381 Schluechtern, Germany.)---In a limestone area with a good calcium supply, egg volume was larger and shells thicker than in a sandstone area. (German, Engl. summ.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B710} Whitehead, P. J. 1999. Aspects of the nesting biology of the Magpie Goose Anseranas semipalmata: incubation period, hatching synchrony and patterns of nest attendance and defence. Emu 99: 121--134. (Pks & Wildl. Comm. NT, P.O. Box 496, Palmerston, NT 0831, Australia.) {B718} {ROL #80}

{B710} Zubko, V. N., A. B. Popovkina & N. N. Semenov. 1997. [Clutch size and incubation period in geese in the Askania-Nova nature reserve (Ukraine).] Casarca 3: 53--62. (Askania-Nova Nat. Res., Ukraine.)---In 4 species, older birds had larger clutches and occupied higher quality nesting sites. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Bjørnstad, G., & J. T. Lifjeld. 1997. High frequency of extra-pair paternity in a dense and synchronous population of Willow Warblers Phylloscopus trochilus. J. Avian Biol. 28: 319--324. (Div. Genetics, Dept. Morphol., Genetics and Aquat. Biol., Norw. Coll. Vet. Med., Box 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo. Norway.)---DNA fingerprinting showed 50% of broods contained young of an extra-pair male. Removal of pair male on day the first egg was laid did not increase the frequency of extra-pair paternity.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Cordero, P. J., J. H. Wetton, & D. T. Parkin. 1999. Extra-pair paternity and male badge size in the House Sparrow. J. Avian Biol. 30: 97--102. (Dept. Ecol. Evol., Mus. Nac. de Cienc. Nat., C.S.I.C., J. Gutierrez Abascal, 2. 28006 Madrid, Spain.)---Single-locus DNA profiling of two Passer domesticus populations showed that mate choice was influenced by bib size. However, contrary to "good genes" prediction, small-bibbed males were not cuckolded more frequently. {ROL #80}

{B712} Langefors, Ä., D. Hasselquist, & T. von Schantz. 1998. Extra-pair fertilizations in the Sedge Warbler. J. Avian Biol. 29: 134--144. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.)---DNA fingerprinting of 201 young from 44 broods of Acrocephalus schoenobaenus revealed 7.5% extra-pair young in 23% of broods.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Lubjuhn, T., et al. 1999. High frequency of extra-pair paternity in the Coal Tit. J. Avian Biol. 30: 229--233. (Inst. für Evol. Biol. und Ökol., Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Univ. Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.)---15 of 20 broods investigated contained at least one nestling sired by an extra-pair male. 40 of 158 nestlings were extra-pair young. This could not be explained by breeding density.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Lubjuhn, T., W. Winkel, & J. Bruen. 1998. [Parentage analyses in three Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) broods containing nine nestlings.] J. Ornithol. 139: 70--72. (Inst. f. Angew. Zool., Rheinische Friedr.-Wilhelms-Univ. Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.)---In two broods, the female was the genetic mother of all nestlings; in one brood, one nestling was not related to either adult that cared for the young. (German, Engl. summ.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Stutchbury, B. J. M., E. S. Morton, & W. H. Piper. 1998. Extra-pair mating system of a synchronously breeding tropical songbird. J. Avian Biol. 29: 72--78. (Dept. Biol., York Univ., North York, ON M3J 1P3, Can.)---3-yr study of DNA and song output of 20--40 pairs of Turdus grayi in Panama.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Tarof, S. A., et al. 1998. Does breeding density covary with extra-pair fertilizations in Hooded Warblers? J. Avian Biol. 29: 145--154. (Dept. Biol., Queens Univ., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Can.)---Combination of DNA fingerprinting and behaviour studies of Wilsonia citrina showed no relationship between extra-pair paternity and either inter-territory distance or number of adjacent neighbours within 300 m.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B712} Verboven, N., & A. C. Mateman. 1997. Low frequency of extra-pair fertilizations in the Great Tit Parus major revealed by DNA fingerprinting. J. Avian Biol. 28: 231--239. (Netherl. Inst. Ecol., P. O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{B712} Wi�cek, J., & P. Kozio». 1997. [An attempt at verification of partner fidelity in the Montagu’s Harrier Circus pygargus with use of DNA fingerprinting.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 173--182. (Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody UMCS, Akademicka 19, 20--033 Lublin, Poland.)---8 pairs, no extra-pair fertilizations. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {D504} {ROL #80}

{B712} Yezerinac, S. M., et al. 1999. Extrapair paternity in a far northern population of Yellow Warblers Dendroica petechia. J. Avian Biol. 30: 234--237. (Dept. Biol., Queen’s Univ., Kingston, ON, Can.)---Proportion of extra-pair young was lower in northern population where nest density was lower and breeding synchrony higher than in population 1500 km to south.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Bensch, S. 1997. The cost of polygyny---definitions and applications. J. Avian Biol. 28: 345--352. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Ecol. Bldg., Lund Univ., S-223 62 Lund Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{B714} Bradbury, R. B., et al. 1997. Nestling sex ratio in the European Starling Sturnus vulgaris. J. Avian Biol. 28: 255--258. (Edward Grey Inst. Fld. Ornithol., Dept. Zool., S. Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.)---Significant female bias among 350 chicks from 108 broods.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Hamao, S., & K. Ueda. 1998. Nest sharing by polygynously mated females in the Black-browed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps. Ibis 140: 176--178. (Urawa Minami High Sch., Tsuji 6-5-31, Urawa, Saitama 336, Japan.)---1 case out of 49 nests observed.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Hartley, I. R., et al. 1999. Nestling sex ratios in the polygynously breeding Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra. J. Avian Biol. 30: 7--14. (Div. Biol. Sci., Inst. Environ. & Nat. Sci., Lancaster Univ., Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.)---PCR-SSCP assay of 288 nestlings from 113 clutches in 1998-1999 in Scotland to investigate effect of year, timing of breeding, levels of polygyny, brood size or female size on brood sex ratio.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Kotaka, N. 1998. Classical polyandry in the Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major. Ibis 140: 335--336. (Lab. Geoecol., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.)---First recorded case.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Mitchell, C. 1997. Re-mating in migratory Wigeon Anas penelope. Ardea 85: 275--277. (Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Glos., GL2 7BT, UK.)---Three out of five pairs reformed in following winter.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Olsen, P., et al. 1998. Assortative mating in falcons: do big females pair with big males? J. Avian Biol. 29: 197--200. (Div. Bot. & Zool., Australian Natl. Univ., Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.)---Presents evidence of possible link between assortative mating and dimorphism among Falco peregrinus, Falco berigora and Falco cenchroides.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Taborsky, B., & M. Taborsky. 1999. The mating system and stability of pairs in kiwi Apteryx spp. J. Avian Biol. 30: 143--151. (Konrad-Lorenz-Inst. Vergleichende Verhaltensforschung (KLIVV), Savoyenstr. 1a, A-1160 Wien, Austria.)---Study of four populations concludes that "parental limitation hypothesis" is more adequate than the "environmental polygamy potential" hypothesis to explain mating patterns in kiwis.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Tarboton, W. R. 1995. Polyandry in the African Jacana: The roles of male dominance and rate of clutch loss. Ostrich 66: 49--60. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Witwatersrand, P.O. Box Wits, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.)---Actophilornis africana. {ROL #80}

{B714} Trewick, S. A. 1997. On the skewed sex ratio of the Kakapo Strigops habroptilus: sexual and natural selection in opposition? Ibis 139: 652--663. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.)---Subfossil deposits show persistent male bias. Size dimorphism appears to favour males being large and against females being small.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Winkel, W. 1998. Monoterritorial bigyny in the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. Ibis 140: 178--180. (Inst. Vogelforsch Vogelwarte Helgoland, Aussenstn Braunschweig, Bauernstr 14, D-38162 Cremlingen Weddel, Germany.)---Breeding parameters for 49 cases.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B714} Wintle, C. C., & P. B. Taylor. 1993. Sequential polyandry, behaviour and moult in captive Striped Crakes Aenigmatolimnas marginalis. Ostrich 64: 115--122. (PBT: Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, P.O. Box 375, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.) {E114} {ROL #80}

{B716} Anderson, M. D. 1994. Possible tree-breeding by Black Swifts Apus barbatus. Ostrich 65: 344--345. (Nat. Conserv. Serv., North. Cape Province, Priv. Bag X6102, Kimberley, 8300, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Brown, C. R. 1994. Nest microclimate, egg temperature, egg water loss, and eggshell conductance in Cape Weavers Ploceus capensis. Ostrich 65: 26--31. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.) {B710} {ROL #80}

{B716} Craig, A. J. F. K. 1995. Adaptation and evolution in ploceid weaver nests. Ostrich 66: 100--102. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Cresswell, W. 1997. Nest predation rates and nest detectability in different stages of breeding in Blackbirds Turdus merula. J. Avian Biol. 28: 296--302. (Graham Kerr Bldg., Div. Environ. & Evol. Biol., IBLS, Glasgow Univ., Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.)---Selection for nest predation appears to occur early in breeding cycle.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B716} Dean, W. R. J., & S. J. Milton. 1993. The use of Galium tormentosum (Rubiaceae) as nest material by birds in the southern Karoo [South Africa]. Ostrich 64: 187--189. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Dijk, J. van. 1997. [Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiacus breeding in nestbox for Peregrines Falco peregrinus at a height of 50 m.] Takkeling 5(1): 53--54. (Mgr. Nolenslaan 19, 8014 AS Zwolle, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Din, N. A. 1992. Pattern of nest destruction in the two village weavers (Ploceus cucullatus and P. nigerrimus) at Ife, Nigeria. Afr. J. Ecol. 30: 261--268. (2740-No.4 Rd., Richmond, BC V6X 2L5, Can.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Diop, M. S., & B. Tréca. 1996. Distribution of nest preparation tasks between mates of the Red-billed Hornbill Tockus erythrorhynchus. Ostrich 67: 55--59. (Anim. Biol. Dept., Cheikh Anta DIOP Univ., Dakar, Senegal.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Fasola, M., E. Benussi, & T. Bino. 1997. Abandoned buildings increase nest density of Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica in Karavasta area, Albania. Alauda 65: 279--281. (Dept. Biol. Anim., Univ., Piazza Botta 9, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Ford, H. A. 1999. Nest-site selection and breeding success in large Australian honeyeaters: are there benefits from being different? Emu 99: 91--99. (Div. Zool., Univ. New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.)---Nesting success of the Red Wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata and Noisy Friarbird Philemon corniculatus are similar, although they differ in preferences for tree species in which to nest differ and in the positioning of their nests within trees. The data provide some support for the hypothesis that the diversity of nest locations reduces the chance that nest predators will develop a strong search image for any specific nest-site.---W.K.S. {C918} {ROL #80}

{B716} Haw, J. 1996. Strange nest lining of two pairs of Crowned Eagles. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 19--20. (c/o Raptor Conserv. Group, P.O. Box 72155, Parkview 2122, South Africa.)---Stephanoaetus coronatus used leaves of introduced eucalyptus trees.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B716} Howman, H. R. G., & G. W. Begg. 1995. Intra-seasonal and interseasonal nest renovation in the Masked Weaver Ploceus velatus. Ostrich 66: 122--128. (21 Sevenoaks Dr., Mayfield Pk., Harare, Zimbabwe.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Hudgens, B. R. 1997. Nest predation avoidance by the Blue-billed Malimbe Malimbus nitens (Ploceinae). Ibis 139: 692--694. (Dept. Zool., 108 Biol. Sci. Bldg., Box 90325, Duke Univ., Durham, NC 27708--0325, USA.)---Possible association with African Dwarf Crocodile Osteolamus tetraspis---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B716} Indykiewicz, P. 1998. [Breeding of the House Sparrow Passer domesticus, Tree Sparrow P. montanus, and Starling Sturnus vulgaris in White Stork Ciconia ciconia nests.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 97--103. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---N. Poland, almost 50% of stork nests inhabited by Passer domesticus.---T.W. {ROL #80}

{B716} Ishida, K., M. Takashi & M. Ueta. 1998. [A breeding record of Lidth's Jay in a nest box at a natural forest of Kinsakubaru on Amami Island (Japan).] Strix 16: 148--151. (Univ. For., Univ. Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.)---Garrulus lidthi. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {E515} {ROL #80}

{B716} Iwami, Y., S. Ikeda, & S. Yamazaki. 1998. [Black Kites nesting on a power pylon tower in southwestern Hokkaido, northern Japan.] Strix 16: 160--162. (United Graduate Sch. Agric. Sci., Iwate Univ. 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080, Japan.)---Milvus migrans. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Kemp, A. C., & K. S. Begg. 1996. Nest sites of the Southern Ground Hornbill Bucorvus leadbeateri in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, and conservation implications. Ostrich 67: 9--14. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., P.O. Box 413, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.) {B912} {ROL #80}

{B716} Keulen, C. 1996.[Observation of the Penduline Tit’s nesting in Lanaye (Belgium).] Cahiers d’Ethologie 16: 487--498. (La. d’Ethologie et Psychologie animale, Univ. Liège, 22 quai Van Beneden, B-4020 Liège, Belgium.)---Behaviour of Remiz pendulinus during nest-building (French, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B716} Kooij, H. van der. 1997. [Are the breeding results of Purple Herons Ardea purpurea influenced by change of nest height.] Limosa 70: 145--150. (Groenendaal 8, 4041 XX Heteren, Netherlands.)---No. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B716} Kucharski, R. 1998. [Nesting of the Coal Tit Parus ater in burrows of the Kingfisher Alcedo atthis.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 51--52. (Jaru¿yñska 5/52, 85-792 Bydgoszcz, Poland.)---3 cases, N. Poland. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{B716} Leishman, A. J. 1999. Grey Shrike-thrush nesting in old nest of Superb Lyrebird. Aust. Birds 31(4): 145. (Roy. Bot. Gardens, Mrs Macquarie Rd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.)---Colluricincla harmonica, Menura novaehollandiae. {ROL #80}

{B716} Malan, G. 1994. Distribution of nests of the Pied Crow Corvus albus on telephone poles in the Upper Karoo [South Africa]. Ostrich 65: 44--45. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Matsuoka, S., & Y. Takada. 1999. The role of snags in the life of woodpeckers and snag management in a forest: A review. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 33--48. (Lab. Wildl. Manage., Hokkaido Res. Ctr. FFPRI, Sapporo 062-8516, Japan.)---Snags are important for woodpeckers and should be conserved in Japanese forests. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---H.N. {B910} {ROL #80}

{B716} Oschadleus, H. D. 1995. Structure and function in Cape Weaver nests. Ostrich 66: 98--100. (211 Cheverney, 30 Joan St., La Montagne, 0184, South Africa.)---Ploceus capensis. {ROL #80}

{B716} Roulin, A., & B. Ducret. 1997. [Tawny Owls Strix aluco breed in natural nest sites in western Switzerland.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 229--234. (Univ. of Berne, Inst. Zool., CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.)---33 breeding attempts, 27 successful. Factors that influence breeding success. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C918} {ROL #80}

{B716} Roulin, A., J. Jeanmonod, & T. Blanc. 1997. [Green plant material in Common Buzzard Buteo buteo nests during nestling.] Alauda 65: 251--257. (Inst. Zool., Univ. de Berne, CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Santing, J. 1997. [Unusual nesting site of a Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus pair in the province of Drenthe.] Takkeling 5(1): 55--57. (De Gloep 2, 7875 AJ Exloo, Netherlands.)---Bred unsuccessfully in stand of Pseudotsuga menziesii. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B716} Vidal, E., & V. Bonnet. 1997. [Nest materials of the Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans. Impact on the vegetation.] Alauda 65: 301--305. (Inst. Méditerranéen Ecol. et Paléoécol., Fac. Sci. Tech. St Jérôme, Case 461, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.)---Collecting plant materials seemed to have no impact. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B716} Wakisaka, H. 1998. [Breeding record of a pair of Kingfishers in the holes of a retaining wall.] Strix 16: 156--159. (Hosizaki Green Found., Yamakata 271-13, Kisuki-Cho, Ohara-gun, Simane 699-13, Japan.)---Alcedo atthis. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B716} Williams, J. B. 1993. Nest orientation of Orange-breasted Sunbirds in South Africa. Ostrich 64: 40--42. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Nectarinia violacea. {ROL #80}

{B716} Wuntke, B., & I. Ludwig. 1995. [Breeding habitats of the Barn Owl Tyto alba in the district of Brandenburg/Germany.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 321--323. (Projektgruppe Naturschutz am Inst. f. Biol. der Humboldt Univ. zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.)---Typical breeding habitat contained c.70% agricultural area and c.8% urban area. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B718} Burton, N. H. K. 1998. Notes on the diet of nestling White-throated Kingfishers Halcyon smyrnensis in Malaysia. Forktail 14: 79--80. (Flat 1, Gothic House, Old Market St., Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2EQ, UK.)---Summarizes 6 observation periods at a nest site in Kuala Selangor.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{B718} Gates, R. N. 1998. Black Guillemot chick feeding on Papa Westray, Orkney. Sea Swallow 47: 61--63. (11 Strathburn Gardens, Inverurie, AB51 4RY, UK.)---Summarises a 6-wk study of chick provisioning in Cepphus grylle. Notes on kleptoparasitism and effects of tide on adult foraging.---F.M.P. {D306, D308} {ROL #80}

{B718} Granadeiro, J. P., M. D. Burns, & R. W. Furness. 1998. Patterns of activity and burrow attendance in Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea as revealed by a novel logging technique. Ibis 140: 458--466. (Inst. Conserv. Nat., Rua Filipe Folque 46, 3, 1050 Lisbon, Portugal.)---Records date and time of arrival and departures from nest burrows and identity of pair member.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B718} Green, A. J. 1997. Brood attendance and brood care in the Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris. J. Ornithol. 138: 443--449. (Estación Biológica de Doñana, Apartado 1056, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain)---Field studies in Spain and Turkey show paternal brood attendance and care. (German, Engl. summary.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B718} Kopij, G., O. B. Kok, & Z. N. Roos. 1996. Food of Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus nestlings in the Free State Province, South Africa. Ostrich 67: 138--143. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B718} Lotem, A. 1998. Brood reduction and begging behaviour in the Swift Apus apus; no evidence that large nestlings restrict parental choice. Ibis 140: 507--511. (Dept. Zool., Fac. Life Sci., Tel Aviv Univ., Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.)---Parents can easily access small chicks, but allocate more food to larger chicks to facilitate brood reduction.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B718} Mattes, H., J. Tumbrinck, & M. Fischbacher. 1996. [Nestling food of tits (Parus major, P. ater, P. montanus, P. cristatus) in a subalpine Larici-Cembretum of the Upper Engadine, Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 293--314. (Inst. f. Landschaftsökol., Robert Koch-Str. 26, D-48149 Münster, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B718} Olsson, O. 1997. Clutch abandonment: a state-dependent decision in King Penguins. J. Avian. Biol. 28: 264--267. (Dept. Zool., Villavägen 9, Uppsala Univ., S-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.)---Aptenodytes patagonicus. {ROL #80}

{B718} Pulliainen, E., & L. Saari. 1997. Attendance at the nest of polyandrous Dotterel Charadrius morinellus in Finland. Ardea 85: 67--71. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Oulu, FIN-90570 Oulu, Finland.) {ROL #80}

{B718} Reid, K., et al. 1999. Measurement of chick provisioning in Antarctic Prions Pachyptila desolata using an automated weighing system. J. Avian Biol. 30: 127--134. (Brit. Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Rd., Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B718} Sêtre, G.-P., et al. 1997. Paternal care in Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca: energy expenditure in relation to plumage colour and mating status. Ardea 85: 233--242. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Oslo, P.O. Box 1050 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.)---Polygamy possibly related with energetic costs of males.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B718} Trémont, S., & B. Williams. 1999. Observations at nests of the Painted Honeyeater Grantiella picta. Aust. Bird Watcher 18: 49--58. (Div. Ecosystem Manage., Univ. New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.)---Quantified measures of incubation, brooding and feeding by both sexes.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{B718} Van Balen, S. 1998. More birds feeding on arils of acacia seeds. Forktail 13: 121--122. (Dept. Nat. Conserv., Wageningen Agric. Univ., P.O. Box 8080, 6700 DD, Wageningen, Netherlands.)---Zosterops palpebrosus buxtoni fledgling fed arils from Acacia auriculiformis.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{B718} Weimerskirch, H., G. Fradet, & Y. Cherel. 1999. Natural and experimental changes in chick provisioning in a long-lived seabird, the Antarctic Prion. J. Avian Biol. 30: 165--174. (CNRS-CEBC, F-79360 Beauvoir, France.)---Results of 2-year study indicate that the ability of Pachyptila desolata to increase provisioning is limited. The main constraint is probably the necessity for birds to maintain a threshold body mass to limit the risk of increased mortality due to breeding effort.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B720} Bijlsma, R. G., H. J. Ottens, & W. van Manen. 1997. [Growth of starving Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus.] Takkeling 5(3): 20--30. (Doldersummerweg 1, 7983 LD Wapse, Netherlands.)---Individual growth curves of nestling Honey Buzzards during extreme food shortage. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B720} Breitenmoser-Würsten, C. 1997. [Nestling diet and nestling development of Dippers Cinclus cinclus in relation to the food supply in the Saanenland (Swiss Northern Alps).] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 295--330. (Villettengässli 4, CH-3074 Muri b. Bern, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B720} Bridgeford, P. A., M. Bridgeford, & J. Erasmus. 1995. First record of two Lappet-faced Vulture chicks reared in one nest. Ostrich 66: 35--37. (Min. Wildl. Conserv. Tourism, Namib-Naukluft Park, Priv. Bag 1018, Maltahöhe, Namibia.)---Torgos tracheliotos. {ROL #80}

{B720} Finke, C., A. Misovic, & R. Prinzinger. 1995. Growth, the development of endothermy, and torpidity in Blue-naped Mousebirds Urocolius macrourus. Ostrich 66: 1--9. (AK Stoffwechselphysiologie, Univ. Frankfurt, Siesmayerstraße 70, D-60323, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.) {E118} {ROL #80}

{B720} Golubeva, T. B. 1998. Determination of age and chronology of acoustically guided behavior in Jackdaw nestlings. Ornithologia 28: 160--167. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Corvus monedula. {ROL #80}

{B720} Halupka, K. 1998. Partial nest predation in an altricial bird selects for the accelerated development of young. J. Avian Biol. 29: 129--133. (Dept. Avian Ecol., Univ. Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland)---4-yr study of Anthus pratensis.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B720} Little, R. M., & T. M. Crowe. 1992. The use of morphometrics and development of plumage in estimating the growth patterns and age of Grey-wing Francolin Francolinus africanus. Ostrich 63: 172--179. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {D704, E515} {ROL #80}

{B720} Royle, N. J., & K. C. Hamer. 1998. Hatching asynchrony and sibling size hierarchies in gulls: effects on parental investment decisions, brood reduction and reproductive success. J. Avian Biol. 29: 266--272. (I.E.B.S., Univ. Lancaster LA1, 4YQ, UK.)---Study of effect of manipulation of within-brood mass hierarchy of Larus fuscus.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{B720} Seddon, P. J., & Y. van Heezik. 1993. Behaviour of the Jackass Penguin chick. Ostrich 64: 8--12. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Spheniscus demersus. {ROL #80}

{B720} Tyack, A. J., S. S. Walls, & R. E. Kenward. 1998. Behaviour in the post-nestling dependence period of radio-tagged Common Buzzards Buteo buteo. Ibis 140: 58--63. (The Limes, Nottingham NG15 8AE, UK.)---Siblings associate closely immediately after nest departure until fledging is complete. Subsequently, distance traveled from nest increases abruptly, varying with habitat structure.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B720} Van Heezik, Y. M., & P. J. Seddon. 1992. Starvation and delayed plumage development in Jackass Penguin chicks. Ostrich 63: 129--131. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Spheniscus demersus. {ROL #80}

{B900} Deceuninck, B. 1998. [Mid-winter counts and their implications.] Ornithos 5: 12--17. (LPO, Corderie Royale, BP 263, F-17305 Rochefort Cedex, France.)---Mid-January 1996: 2,464,687 birds. 35 sites in criteria of RAMSAR. 36% of the European population of Phalacrocorax carbo, 28% of Branta bernicla, 28% of Charadrius hiaticula and 24% of Phoenicopterus ruber. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B900} Ingold, P. (Ed.). 1995. [Conservation and behaviour---3^rd international conference of the Ethological Society] Ornithol. Beob. 92(3). (No address available.)---39 papers dealing mostly with effects of human disturbance on birds and mammals and some general topics. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B900} Meyburg, B. U., & R. D. Chancellor. 1998. [No title.] Newsl. World Working Group on Birds of Prey and Owls (WWGBP). No. 25/26. (Wangenheimstr. 32, 14193 Berlin, Germany.)---13 papers on raptors in the modern world and raptor conservation, including international Milvus milvus symposium---W.J.D. {ROL #80}

{B902} Wernham, C. J., W. J. Peach, S. J. & Browne. 1997. Survival rates of rehabilitated guillemots. BTO Res. Report 186. (Nat. Cent. Ornithol., The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2PU, UK.)---Uria aalge. Ringing recoveries for birds released following the Sea Empress Oil Spill.---W.J.D. {ROL #80}

{B904} Blyth, J., & W. E. Boles. 1999. An expedition to the Murchison, Gascoyne and East Pilbara areas [Australia] to search for Night Parrots. Eclectus 6: 12--16. (Wildl. Res. Ctr. CALM, P.O. Box 51, Wanneroo, WA 6065, Australia.)---Unsuccessful searches of possible locations for Pezoporus occidentalis in Western Australia.---I.C.R. {C308} {ROL #80}

{B904} Cortes, J. E. 1998. Aspects of passerine bird populations in Cadiz province, Spain, and their relationship to land use. Almoraima 19: 143--160. (Strait of Gibraltar Bird Obs., Gibraltar Ornithol. Nat. Hist. Soc., Gibraltar.)---Identifies priority species for conservation amongst wintering birds in 3 different habitats.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B904} Klop, E., E. Curio, & Y. de Soye. 1998. A new population of Bleeding-heart Pigeon (Gallicolumba sp.) and its conservation relevance on Panay, Philippines. J. Ornithol. 139: 76--77. (AG Verhaltensforschg., Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, Postfach 102148, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{B904} Li, X., & D. Li. 1998. Current state and the future of Crested Ibis: A case study by population viability analysis. Ecol. Res. 13: 323--333. (Inst. Zool., Chinese Acad. Sci., Beijing, 100080, China.)---Using VORTEX, estimate the extinction probability of Nipponia nippon at 20% in 100 years, which is sensitive to catastrophes and environmental variation.---H.N. {E514} {ROL #80}

{B904} Moores, N. C., et al. 1998. Unusual food item and declining numbers at only known regular wintering site of Relict Gull Larus relictus. Forktail 13: 122--123. (Kyushu/Japan Wetlands Action Network, Maison Trianon #101, 3-27 Kashii Jingu, 6-Chome, Higashu-ku, Fukuoka 813, Japan.) {D302} {ROL #80}

{B904} Ryan, P. G., & P. A. R. Hockey. 1995. Is the Hottentot Buttonquail really endangered? Ostrich 66: 92--93. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. of African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Turnix hottentotta hottentotta should not be listed as Endangered in the South African Red Data Book.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B904} Schmid, H., & L. Maumary. 1996. [The status of the Corncrake Crex crex in Switzerland and Liechtenstein 1970--1994.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 169--175. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Last confirmed breeding record dates from 1978; only observations of singing males since then. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B904} Sériot, J., et al. 1997. [Rare and endangered breeding birds in France in 1996.] Ornithos 4: 95--115. (LPO, Corderie Royale, BP 263, F-17305 Rochefort cedex, France.)---53 species ; 34% increasing, 16% declining. Oenanthe leucura disappeared, Pandion haliaetus and Falco naumanni increased. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {B912, C310} {ROL #80}

{B904} Vangeluwe, D., G. Handrinos & V. Bulteau. 1998. [Slender-billed Curlew: its history, current status and identification.] Ornithos 5: 22--35. (I.R.S.N. Belgique, 29 r. Vautier, B-1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.)---All western Palearctic records of Numenius tenuirostris (1990--1997). Appearance is illustrated month by month for all ages, with emphasis on differences with the eastern race of Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata orientalis. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {D702} {ROL #80}

{B904} Voronetsky, V. I. 1998. [The Barn Owl (Tyto alba guttata Brehm) and the Western Little Owl (Athene noctua noctua Scop.) as candidates for the Red Data Book of Russia.] Ornithologia 28: 136--139. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Barn Owl is rare and endangered in Russia; Little Owl is rare but status is poorly known. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B904} Woodward, R., & B. Hughes (eds). 1998. Bulletin of the Threatened Waterfowl Specialist Group. TWSG News No. 11, July 1998. (BH: The Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Glos. GL2 7BT, UK.)---Lists threatened waterfowl species and reports on their status. Features on Aythya nyroca in Eastern Europe, Moroccan and Turkish waterfowl, Marmaronetta angustirostris, Oxyura leucocephala and Branta ruficollis.---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{B906} Tomialojæ, L. 1997. [On the necessity to develop an integrated scheme for bird monitoring in Poland.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 239--254. (Muzeum Przyrodnicze UWr., Sienkiewicza 21, 50 335 Wroclaw, Poland.)---Overview of issues and approaches; proposes gradual development beginning with endangered species and monitoring in farmland. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {E506} {ROL #80}

{B906} Zbinden, N., & H. Schmid. 1995. [Monitoring birds in Switzerland---the programme of the Swiss Ornithological Institute yesterday and today.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 39--58. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Detailed description of monitoring programmes. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B908} Antipina, Y. Y. 1998. [Changing of Crimean landscapes by human activity and avifauna during last 100 years.] Ornithologia 28: 60--65. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.) (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B908} Bühlmann, J., & G. Pasinelli. 1996. [Do forest management and weather influence the breeding density of the Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius?] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 267--276. (Blüemlisalpstr. 76, CH-8006 Zürich, Switzerland.)---A decrease in breeding density was chiefly caused by a decreasing volume of oak. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B908} Dean, W. R. J., & W. J. Bond. 1994. Apparent avian extinctions from islands in a man-made lake, South Africa. Ostrich 65: 7--13. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Caused by habitat fragmentation. Fairy Flycatcher Stenostira scita, Red-eyed Bulbul Pycnonotus nigricans, and Namaqua Dove Oena capensis.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B908} Erhart, F. C. 1997. [Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos profits from nature development-projects.] Limosa 70: 67--70. (Stichting Ark, Chopinlaan 14, 6865 EW Doorwerth, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B908} Hille, S. 1998. [Status of the Kites Milvus milvus fasciicauda (Hartert, 1914) and Milvus m. migrans (Boddaert, 1783) on the Cape Verde Islands.] J. Ornithol. 139: 73--75. (Inst. f. Allgem. u. Spez. Zool., Ber. Tieroekol., Justus- Liebig-Univ., Stephanstr. 24, D-35390 Giessen, Germany.)---Population has dropped drastically because of habitat changes. (German, Engl. summ.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{B908} Hui, W., & S. D. Jian. 1996. The status of Saunder’s Gulls on the East Coast of China. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 245--249. (Yancheng Natl. Nat. Res., Xinyanggang, Yangcheng, Jiangsu 22433, China.)---Breeding Larus saundersi are threatened by land reclamation and egg collecting.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B908} Luck, G. W., H. P. Possingham, & D. C. Paton. 1999. Bird responses at inherent and induced edges in the Murray Mallee, South Australia. 2. Nest predation as an edge effect. Emu 99: 170--175. (Dept. Environ. Sci. & Manage., Univ. Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia.)---Predation of eggs from artificial ground nests was investigated at both natural and man-made edges to the mallee scrub. Predation rates at natural edges were lower than at man-made edges, and predation increased closer to man-made edges.---W.K.S. {C916} {ROL #80}

{B908} Luck, G. W., H. P. Possingham, & D. C. Paton. 1999. Bird responses at inherent and induced edges in the Murray Mallee, South Australia. 1. Differences in abundance and diversity. Emu 99: 157--169. (Dept. Environ. Sci. & Manage., Univ. Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia.)---Bird numbers and diversity were quantified at both natural and man-made edges to mallee scrub. Bird species were categorized as using or avoiding edge, depending upon their distribution patterns.---W.K.S. {C908} {ROL #80}

{B908} Powers, L. C., & H. A. Glimp. 1996. Impacts of livestock on shorebirds: a review and application to shorebirds of the western Great Basin. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 55--63. (Dept. Env. & Resour. Sci., Uni. Nevada, 1000 Valley Rd., Reno, NV 89512, USA.)---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B908} Read, J. L. 1999. Bird colonisation of a remote arid settlement in South Australia. Aust. Bird Watcher 18: 59--67. (Environ. Dept., WMC Resour., P.O. Box 150, Roxby Downs, SA 5725, Australia.)---Species and abundance have increased since the town was established.---I.D.E. {C308} {ROL #80}

{B908} Sovinc, A. 1997. [Impact of drainage cleaning on birds breeding in reed ditches.] Acrocephalus 18: 133--142. (Vodnogospodarski Institut, Hajdrihova 28, Ljubljana, Slovenia.)---Acrocephalus schoenobaenus, Acrocephalus palustris, Acrocephalus arundinaceus. (Slovene, Engl. summ.)---M.V. {ROL #80}

{B908} Sviridova, T. V., & K. V. Avilova. 1998. [The artificial transformation of the Oka river valley near Dedinovo (Moscow region) and its influence on bird fauna and distribution.] Ornithologia 28: 82--88. (Russian Bird Conserv. Union, Kibalchicha St. 6, Bldg. 5 Off.110, Moscow 129278, Russia.)---Distribution, but not species composition, changed by agriculture. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B908} Woinarski, J. C. Z., et al. 1999. Response of birds and reptiles to fire regimes on pastoral land in the Victoria River District, Northern Territory [Australia]. Range. J. 21: 24--38. (Pks & Wildl. Comm. NT, P.O. Box 496, Palmerston, NT 0831, Australia.)---Birds were censussed on 2.6-ha plots subjected to seven experimental fire regimes, covering two soil types. Of 30 species, 12 were either positively or negatively associated with time since the last fire.---M.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B910} Anon. 1997. RAMSAR sites. Buceros 2(1): 11--(3): 16. (ENVIS Cent., Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., Hornbill Ho., Salim Ali Chowk, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Rd., Mumbai 400023, India.)---Physical and faunal descriptions of the RAMSAR sites of India---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B910} Currie, F., & G. Elliott. 1997. Forests and birds: A guide for managing forests for rare birds. RSPB and Forestry Authority brochure. (GE: RSPB, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, UK.)---Temperate forests.---L.K.G. {ROL #80}

{B910} Dombrowski, A., et al. 1998. [Ornithological importance of the largest rivers of the middle Vistula basin (Poland).] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 61--76. (Œwierkowa 18, 08--110 Siedlce, Poland.)---Still largely semi-natural, large inland breeding populations of gulls, terns and waders; proposals for protection. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{B910} Elphick, C. S. 1996. Experimental approaches to shorebird habitat management. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 20--28. (Ecol. Evol. & Conserv. Biol. Prog., 1000 Valley Rd., Univ. Nevada, Reno, NV 89512, USA.)---A summary of key aspects with examples.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B910} Engilis, A. Jr., & F. A. Reid. 1996. Challenges in wetland restoration of the western Great Basin. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 71--79. (Ducks Unlimited Inc., Western Regional Office, 3074 Gold Canal Dr., Rancho Cordova, CA 95670, USA.)---Summary of wetland restoration techniques used in the Great Basin.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B910} Garrido, J. R., & C. G. Sarasa. 1998. [Significance of Los Barros rubbish dump (Campo de Gibraltar, Cádiz) in the western migratory route of the Black Kite (Milvus migrans) and the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus).] Almoraima 19: 217--224. (Dept. Biodiver. Anim., Cent. Marcelo Spínola, Univ. Gales, Spain.) (Spanish, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B910} Köhler, P., & U. Köhler. 1996. The Bazaruto Archipelago, Mozambique, a site of potential international importance for Palearctic waterbirds. Ostrich 67: 165--167. (Rosenstr.18, D-85774, Unterföhring, Germany.)---Estimated winter population for Charadriiformes alone exceeded 20,000 birds. {ROL #80}

{B910} Mark, A. F. 1998. Te Waahipounamu: Southwest New Zealand World Heritage Area. Ecological research and conservation history. J. Roy. Soc. NZ 28: 657--684. (Bot. Dept., Univ. Otago., P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.)---Reviews the research which led to establishment of this WHA. Reference to Takahe Porphyrio mantelli.---H.D.P. {ROL #80}

{B910} Paton, P. W. C., & V. C. Bachman. 1996. Impoundment drawdown and artificial nest structures as management strategies for snowy plovers. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 64--70. (Dept. Nat. Resour. Sci., Uni. Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.)---Preliminary work on two potential management techniques to enhance populations.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B910} Rubega, M. A., & J. A. Robinson. 1996. Water salinization and shorebirds: emerging issues. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 45--54. (Dept. Env. & Resour. Sci., Uni. Nevada, 1000 Valley Rd., Reno, NV 89512, USA.)---Salinization: problems and solutions for shorebird populations.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B910} Schifferli, L., & M. Kestenholz. 1995. [Inventory of Swiss sites of national importance for breeding, staging and wintering waterbirds---revision 1995.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 435--444. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B910} Weggler, M., & W. Müller. 1996. [Effectiveness of vegetation management to control succession in the Neeracher Ried (Switzerland): an evaluation based on wader counts.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 153--161. (Zool. Inst. der Univ. Zürich, Abt. Ökol., Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Baccetti, N., M. Spagnesi, & M. Zenatello. 1997. [Historical overview on introduced bird species in Italy.] Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 27: 299--316. (Inst. Nat. Fauna Selvatica, Via Ca' Fornacetta, 9-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy.)---50 species in the 20^th century. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.S. {ROL #80}

{B912} Brichetti, P., & A. Gariboldi. 1997. [Problems of bird re-introduction projects in Italy.] Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 27: 241--247. (Via Veneto, 30-25029 Verolavecchia (Brescia), Italy.)---Evaluates the effectiveness of 89 attempted introduction programs. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.S. {ROL #80}

{B912} Burbidge, A. 1999. Western Ground Parrot Interim Recovery Plan. Eclectus 6: 23--26. (Wildl. Res. Ctr. CALM, P.O. Box 51, Wanneroo, WA 6065, Australia.)---Monitoring of calling Pezoporus wallicus suggests densities increased over 3 years in vegetation unburnt for at least 35 years.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{B912} Cherubini, G., & L. Serra. 1997. [A comment on waterbird translocations in Italy.] Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 27: 317--331. (Inst. Nat. Fauna Selvatica, Via Ca' Fornacetta, 9-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy.)---Implications of introductions, re-introductions and restocking for species conservation and wetland management. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.S. {ROL #80}

{B912} Dimache, A., & D. Popovici. 1997. [The importance of a new reserve {in Romania} to prevent the disappearance of Lyrurus tetrix tetrix L.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 67. (Univ. "Transilvania", 2200 Brasov, jud.Brasov, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Dórjan, S. 1997. [The I.B.A. Programme in Romania.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 5--7. (Soc. Ornitol. Romana, Str. Gh. Dima 49/2, 3400, Cluj Napoca, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Gava, R. 1997. [Hydropower reservoirs on the Arges River (Romania)---possible future important bird areas.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 41--44. (Univ. Pitesti, Str.Gh.Doja nr. 41, 0300 Pitesti, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Genero, F., & F. Perco. 1997. [The conservation of the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in the Pre-Alps of Friuli (Italy)]. Fauna 4: 37--56. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.)---Reintroduction programme, description and results. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.P. {ROL #80}

{B912} Gerasimov, Y. N., & N. N. Gerasimov. 1997. [Aleutian Canada Goose---success of the restoration project on Aleutian Islands.] Casarca 3: 84--99. (Kamchatka Inst. Ecol., Russian Acad. Sci., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia.)---Population of Branta canadensis leucoparea increased from 790 in 1975 to 20,000 in 1995. The program included captive breeding, removal of arctic foxes from breeding islands, reintroduction and hunting restrictions on migration routes and wintering grounds. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B912} Heesterbeek, A., et al. 1997. [Use of artificial nests by raptors.] Takkeling 5(2): 30--31. (Veilig Oord 63, 5531 XD Bladel, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Holloway, S. 1997. Winter distribution and disturbance of wildfowl and waders on Findhorn Bay [Scotland]. BTO Res. Report 179. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK.)---Suggests conservation management objectives to minimise disturbance.---L.K.G. {ROL #80}

{B912} Hughes, B., et al. 1996. Conservation and research on Common Scoter in the United Kingdom. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 9--12. (Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Glos. GL2 7BT, UK.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Iosif, B. 1997. [The role of the Pietrosul Rodnei Reserve in the conservation of the Carpathian bird fauna (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 28--31. (Muzeul de Stiintele Naturii, Piata Libertatii nr. 15, 4925, Sighetu Marmatiei, jud.Maramures, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Izhaki, I. 1994. Preliminary data on the importance of Israel for the conservation of the White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus L. Ostrich 65: 213--217. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Haifa at Oranum, Tivon, 36910, Israel.)---The majority of western Palearctic White Pelicans stop over in Israel during their autumn migration.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{B912} Jones, D. N., & P. Finn. 1999. Translocation of aggressive Australian Magpies: a preliminary assessment of a potential management action. Wildl. Res. 26: 271--279. (Aust. Sch. Environ. Stud., Griffith Univ., Nathan, Qld. 4111, Australia.)---Gymnorhina tibicen. {ROL #80}

{B912} Kalaber, L. V., & G. Flores. 1997. [Valea Bistritei (Romania)---future ornithological reserve.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 32--34. (Str. Eminescu 26, 4225 Reghin, jud.Mures, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Keller, V., et al. 1996. [The significance of wildlife overpasses for birds.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 249--258. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Woodland species can benefit from wooded wildlife overpasses linking forests. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{B912} Lùcker, L. 1997. [First breeding attempt of Bearded Vultures Gypaetus barbatus released in the Alps.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 193--204. (ch. du Fort-de-l'Ecluse 5, CH-1213 Petit-Lancy, Switzerland.)---Birds seen incubating in 1995. Behaviour and environmental problems. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{B912} Makovec, T., et al. 1998. [Ecological evaluation and conservation of the important bird species in the Secovlje Salina (Slovenia).] Falco 13-14: 5--48. (Ornitološko društvo Ixobrychus, Gasilska 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{B912} Merton, D. 1999. Kakapo update, March 1999. Eclectus 6: 6--8. (Dept. Conserv., P.O. Box 10--420, Wellington, New Zealand.)---Details of 56 Strigops habroptilus (22 females, 34 males) known to survive (including four young from 1999 season) on various off-shore islands. Many translocations described.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{B912} Munteanu, A., & N. Zubcov. 1997. [Important bird areas in the Republic of Moldavia.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 45--47. (Inst. de Zollogie al, Academiei de Stiinte a R.Moldova, str.Academiei nr.1, 2028 Chisinau, Republica Moldova, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{B912} Niebuhr, K., H. Frey &, F. Genero. 1997. [Evaluation of food resources in reintroduction projects of necrophagous species: the case of vultures.] Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 27: 229--240. (Inst. Parasitol. Zool., Vet. Med. Univ. Wien, Linke Bahngasse 11, A-1030 Wien, Austria.)---Assesses differences in diet, food availability and behaviour of the 4 vulture species in Europe. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.S. {ROL #80}

{B912} Oohata, K., D. Simono, & S. Marutani. 1998. [On the use of artificial platforms for resting by waterfowl at Kaga City at Kano-kamoike (Japan).] Strix 16: 127--134. (Wild Bird Soc. Japan, 2-1 Katano Kaga-si, Isikawa 922-05, Japan.) (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {E510} {ROL #80}

{B912} Oring, L. W., & J. M. Reed. 1996. Shorebirds of the western Great Basin of North America: overview and importance to continental populations. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 6--12. (Dept. Environ. Resour. Sci., Univ. Nevada, 1000 Valley Rd., Reno, NV89512, USA.)---Review of the status of shorebirds in an important inland region.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B912} Potts, G. R. 1998. Global dispersion of nesting Hen Harriers Circus cyaneus; implications for grouse moors in the UK. Ibis 140: 76--88. (Game Conserv. Trust, Fordingbridge SP6 1EF, Hampshire, UK.)---U.K. breeding numbers could double if illegal culling by some gamekeepers were stopped.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B912} Robinson, J. A., & S. E. Warnock. 1996. The staging paradigm and wetland conservation in arid environments: shorebirds and wetlands of the North American Great Basin. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 37--44. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5513, USA.)---Problems inherent in using a single-species model to determine the conservation needs of a range of shorebird species.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B912} Scholl, I. 1995. [Protection of the Alpine Swift Apus melba in Zurich (Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 345--347. (Trichtenhausenstr. 45, CH-8053 Zürich, Switzerland.)---Describes a programme for protecting and creating nest sites in buildings. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K {ROL #80}

{B912} Trifonof, P. 1997. [The reservoirs of ponds in the Fagaras Depression (Romania)---future important bird area.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 55--57. (Scoala Generala, Orasul Victoria, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Verdoorn, G. 1996. The conservation of birds of prey in South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 3--6. (P.O. Box 72155, Parkview 2122, South Africa.)---Overview of current projects.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{B912} von Essen, L. 1997. [Results of the project on reintroduction of Lesser White-fronted Geese (Anser erythropus) in Swedish Lapland.] Casarca 3: 215--220. (Fågelvik, Ludgo, S-611 91 Nyköping, Sweden.) (Russian) {ROL #80}

{B912} Warnock, N., J. M. Reed, & L. W. Oring. 1996. Synthesis: shorebirds in the arid western Great Basin of North America. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 80--81. (Forest & Rangeland Ecosytstem Ctr., U.S. Geological Survey, S. W. Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.)---Conservation and management of shorebirds in the Great Basin: a conclusion.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{B912} Whittington, P. A., J. H. Hofmeyr, & J. Cooper. 1996. Establishment, growth and conservation of a mainland colony of Jackass Penguins Spheniscus demersus at Stony Point, Betty’s Bay, South Africa. Ostrich 67: 144--150. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{B912} Young, L., & G. Chan. 1997. The significance of drained fish ponds for wintering waterbirds at the Mai Po marshes, Hong Kong. Ibis 139: 694--698. (WWF Hong Kong, GPO Box 12721, Central, Hong Kong.)---RAMSAR site particularly important for Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{B914} Hummel, M. E. 1998. [Economic analysis of the parrot trade with special regard to Germany (part 2).] Papageienkunde 2: 19--53. (Institut fur Volkswirtschaftslehre, Fachgebiet Politische Okonomie und Planung, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Residenzschloss, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany.) (German) {ROL #80}

{C102} Butynski, T. M. 1995. Myiasis in two free-living Crowned Eagles. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 49--50. (Zoo Atlanta, Africa Biodiversity Conserv. Program, Nat. Mus. Kenya, P.O. Box 24434, Nairobi, Kenya.)---Stephanoaetus coronatus. {ROL #80}

{C102} Christensen, T. K. 1996 An outbreak of Pasteurellosis in Denmark 1996. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 44--48. (Dept. Coastal Zone Ecol., Danish Environ. Res. Inst. ,Kalø, Grenaavej 12, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark.)---900 (c. 90%) of breeding female Eiders died in a single colony.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C102} Komen, E. J. 1995. Myiasis in injured wildlife. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 50--51. (NARREC proj. leader, P.O. Box 11232, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Treatment of myiasis.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C102} Lombardo, M. P. 1998. On the evolution of sexually transmitted diseases in birds. J. Avian Biol. 29: 314--321. (Dept. Biol., Grand Valley State Univ., Allendale, MI 49401-9403, USA.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Allander, K., & J. Sundberg. 1997. Temporal variation and reliability of blood parasite levels in captive Yellowhammer males Emberiza citrinella. J. Avian Biol. 28: 325--330. (Dept. Zool., Uppsala Univ., Villavagen 9, S-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden)---Blood parasites probably most severe during, but occur in their hosts long after, the breeding season.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C104} Bauchau, V. 1997. Do parasitic mites decrease growth of nestling Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca? Ardea 85: 243--247. (Neth. Inst. Ecol., P.O. Box 40, NL-6666 ZG Heteren, Netherlands.)---No. Negative correlation between mite abundance and body mass based on parental quality, not parasitic mites.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C104} Bennett, G. F., et al. 1992. The Leucocytozoidae of South African birds, redescription of Leucocytozoon struthionis Walker, 1912. Ostrich 63: 83--85. (Int. Reference Ctr. For Avian Haematozoa, Mem. Univ. Newfoundland, St. Johns, NF A1B 3X9, Can.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Bennett, G. F., R. A Earlé, & M. A. Peirce. 1993. The leucocytozoidae of South African birds: Musophagiformes, Cuculiformes and Piciformes. Ostrich 64: 73--78. (Int. Reference Ctr. for Avian Haematozoa, Mem. Univ. Newfoundland, St. Johns, NF A1B 3X9, Can.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Bennett, G. F., R. A. Earlé, & M. A. Peirce. 1993. The leucocytozoidae of South African birds: Falconiformes and Strigiformes. Ostrich 64: 67--72. (Int. Reference Ctr. For Avian Haematozoa, Mem. Univ. Newfoundland, St. Johns, NF A1B 3X9, Can.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Blanco, G., J. L. Tella, & J. Potti. 1997. Feather mites on group-living Red-billed Choughs: a non-parasitic interaction? J. Avian Biol. 28: 197--206. (Dept. Biol. Anim., Univ. de Alcal, E-28871 Alcal de Henares, Madrid, Spain.)---Infestation by Gabucinia delibata appears to have no detrimental effects on Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C104} Bläuer, S., K. Pfister, & P. Lüps. 1997. [Endoparasites in birds of prey and owls in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 115--128. (Hauptstr. 63, CH-4147 Aesch, Switzerland.)---Infection with Capillaria sp. and Porrocaecum sp. was dominant. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C104} Brossy, J. J. 1992. Malaria in wild and captive Jackass Penguins Spheniscus demersus along the southern African coast. Ostrich 63: 10--12. (Dept. Anat. Cell Biol., Univ. Cape Town, Med. Sch., Cape Town, South Africa.)---Malaria rare in free-living birds, but in 15% of birds in captivity.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C104} Hurtrez-Boussés, S., et al. 1997. Relationship between intensity of blowfly infestation and reproductive success in a Corsican population of Blue Tits. J. Avian. Biol. 28: 267--270. (CNRS, C.E.F.E., 1919 Rt. de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.)---Negative relationship between loads of Protocalliphora spp. and nestling body mass, haematocrit level and tarsus length but not fledging success of Parus caeruleus.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C104} Little, R. M., & R. A. Earlé. 1994. Lack of avian Haematozoa in the Phasianinae of Robben Island. Ostrich 65: 343--344. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Little, R. M., A. Verster, & T. M. Crowe. 1993. Seasonal and demographic variation in intestinal helminth infection of Grey-wing Francolin. Ostrich 64: 178--181. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Francolinus africanus. {ROL #80}

{C104} Merino, S., & E. Minguez. 1998. Absence of Haematozoa in a breeding colony of the storm petrel Hydrobates pelagicus. Ibis 140: 180--181. (Dept. Ecol. Evol., Mus. Natl. Ciencias Nat., CSIC, J Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Palma, R. L., R. D. Price, & R. A. Hellenthal. 1998. New synonymies and host records for lice of the genus Menacanthus (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from the Passeriformes (Aves). J. Roy. Soc. NZ 28: 309--320. (Mus. NZ Te Papa Tongarewa, P.O. Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand.)---Propose 20 new synonymies, 42 new passerine host associations for chewing lice.---H.D.P. {ROL #80}

{C104} Proctor, H. C. 1999. Gallilichus jonesi sp. n. (Acari: Ascouracaridae): a new species of feather mite from the quills of the Australian Brush-turkey (Aves: Megapodiidae). Aust. J. Entomol. 38: 77--84. (Aust. Sch. Environ. Stud., Griffith Univ., Nathan, Qld. 4111, Australia; EM: H.Proctor@mailbox.gu.edu.au.)---Feeds on spongy medulla of large wing and tail feathers of Alectura lathami.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{C104} Quek, K. C., N. S. Sodhi, & A. U. Kara. 1999. Absence of positive correlation between fluctuating asymmetry and parasitism in the Rock Pigeon. J. Avian Biol. 30: 225--229. (NSS: Dept. Biol. Sci., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore.)---Intensity of chewing lice Columbicola columbae and Camapanulotes bidentatus and the haematozoon Haemoproteus columbae in 91 Columba livia had no effect on symmetry of tail, tarsi, third digits and wings (males only).---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C104} Rácázsa, L. 1997. Patterns in the abundance of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera). J. Avian Biol. 28: 249--254. (Dept. Parasitol. & Zool., Univ. of Vet. Sci., H-1400 Budapest, P. O. Box 2, Hungary.)---Literature study of 36 host species. Avian sociality has no significant effect on louse abundance.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C104} Richner, H. 1996. [Flea circus in bird nests: host-parasite interactions at breeding.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 103--110. (Zool. Inst. der Univ. Bern, CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.)---Experimental studies on effects of ectoparasites on Parus major. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C104} Ryttönen, S., R. Lehtonen, & M. Orell. 1998. Breeding Great Tits Parus major avoid nestboxes infested with fleas. Ibis 140: 687--690. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Oulu, PO Box 333, FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Sodhi, N. S., et al. 1999. Low prevalence of blood parasites in Emberiza species in Japan. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 65--67. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore.)---Emberiza cioides, Emberiza rustica, Emberiza fucata, Emberiza schoeniclus, Emberiza pallasi. {ROL #80}

{C104} Underhill, L. G., & B. Kalejta-Summers. 1995. Blood parasites in bright birds: testing the Hamilton-Zuk hypothesis in sub-Saharan Africa with an improved statistical method. Ostrich 66: 10--14. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C104} Williams, M. C., & J. W. Nesbit. 1996. Fatal Herpesvirus infection in a Cape Eagle Owl Bubo capensis and a Spotted Eagle Owl Bubo africanus. Ostrich 67: 60--62. (Dept. Pathol., Fac. Vet. Sci., Univ. Pretoria, Priv. Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.)---Thought to be the first report of systemic herpesvirus infections in owls in South Africa.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C106} Juppien, A. 1998. [Behavioural disorders of large parrots (part 1).] Papageienkunde 2: 55--101. (Hanseller Str. 220, D-48268 Greven, Germany.)---Incidence of behavioural disorders in captive parrots and comparison of housing and welfare conditions of disturbed and undisturbed birds (German, Engl. summ.)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C302} Bourne, W. R. P. 1998. Observations of seabirds. Sea Swallow 47: 23--36. (Dept. of Zool., Aberdeen Univ., Aberdeen, AB9 2TN, Scotland.)---Lists worldwide sightings of seabirds, by family and species, from ships in 1997.---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C302} Casement, M. 1998. Landbirds from ships at sea. Sea Swallow 47: 37--41. (Dene Cottage, West Harting, Petersfield, Hants., GU31 5PA, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Anciaux, M. R. 1996.[Survey of the inland avifauna in different habitat types of South Benin (Allada Highland and south of the Lama depression).] Cahiers d’Ethologie 16: 79--98. (28 rue du Busson, B-5580 Buissonville, Belgium.)---124 species observed from 1994--1995. (French, Engl. summary)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Anderson, M. D., A. W. A. Maritz, & P. C. Anderson. 1995. Booted Eagles breeding north of the Orange River, South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 28--29. (Nat. Cons. Serv., Northern Cape Province, Private Bag X6102, Kimberley 8300, South Africa.)---Hieraaetus pennatus. {ROL #80}

{C304} Bengtsson, K. 1997. Some interesting bird observations in Mauritania and Senegal. Malimbus 19: 96--97. (Grönvägen 5B, S-23232 Arlöv, Sweden.)---7 species in Nov--Dec 1992 and 1994.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Brown, C. J. 1992. Distribution and status of the Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus in southern Africa. Ostrich 63: 1--9. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.)---630 birds, with 204 breeding pairs.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C304} Brown, C. J., N. Robson, & M. Yates. 1995. Distribution, status and first breeding record of the Grey Kestrel in southern Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 52--57. (Directorate of Environ. Affairs, Private Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Namibian population of Falco ardosiaceus estimated at 39 pairs.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Butynski, T. M., C. D. Schaaf, & G. W. Hearn. 1996. The Grey-necked Picathartes Picathartes oreas on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Ostrich 67: 90--93. (Zoo Atlanta's Africa Biodiversity Prog., P.O. Box 24434, Nairobi, Kenya.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Claffey, P. 1997. Western Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus, a new addition to the Republic of Benin list. Malimbus 19: 95--96. (BP 302, Parakou, Republic of Benin.)---A group on 10 Apr 1996.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Clark, W. S. 1995. Sighting of rufous-morph Booted Eagle in South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 38. (7800 Dassett Court, Apt 101, Annandale, VA 22003, USA.)---Hieraaetus pennatus. {ROL #80}

{C304} Cooper, J., et al. 1992. Distribution, population size and conservation of the Caspian Tern Sterna caspia in southern Africa. Ostrich 63: 58--67. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---28 breeding localities on the whole southern African coastline. 500 pairs.---R.M.W. {B912} {ROL #80}

{C304} Craig, A. J. F. K. 1992. The distribution of the Wattled Starling in southern Africa. Ostrich 63: 31--37. (Dept. Zool., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.)---Creatophora cinerea. {ROL #80}

{C304} de Swardt, D. H., & P. J. Buys. 1992. Cape Sugarbird at Jagersfontein, southern Orange Free State. Ostrich 63: 136. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus., Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.)---Promerops cafer. First record in the Orange Free State, South Africa.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C304} de Swardt, D. H. 1992. Distribution and moult of Gurney’s Sugarbird Promerops gurneyi. Ostrich 63: 13--20. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus., Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.) {E114} {ROL #80}

{C304} Dowsett, R. J. 1997. Birds of interest from the Sangba area, adjacent to the Bamingui-Bangoran National Park, Central African Republic. Malimbus 19: 102--103. (12 rue des Lavandes, Ganges F-34190, France.)---12 species not on the list of the National Park, 21--22 Mar 1994.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} du Plessis, G. J. 1995. Large aggregation of Black-winged Pratincoles Glareola nordmanni in the northern Orange Free State [South Africa]. Ostrich 66: 40--41. (P.O. Box 98, Aliwal North, 5530, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Dupain, J., E. van Krunkelsven, & L. van Elsacker. 1996. Recent observations of the Congo Peacock Afropavo congensis in the Equateur Province, Zaire. Ostrich 67: 94--95. (Antwerp Univ., Deot. Biol., Universiteitplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Esterhuizen, J., & N. Bielis. 1996. European Hobbies in the Free State, South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 21. (Free State Raptor Project, P.O. Box 17523, Bainsvlei 9338, South Africa.)---Falco subbuteo. {ROL #80}

{C304} Haugaard, J., & D. Critchlow. 1997. On the recent additions to the Liwonde National Park [Malawi] checklist of birds. Nyala 20: 11--16. (Wildl. Soc. Malawi, P.O. Box 1429, Blantyre, Malawi.)---Supporting evidence for 17 recent records.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{C304} Herremans, M., & M. Joos-Vandewalle. 1996. The status of the Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus in Botswana. Ostrich 67: 80--83. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Lane, S. S. 1997. Flora and fauna records. Nyala 20: 47--58. (P.O. Box 51147, Limbe, Malawi.)---Bird records for Malawi 1995--1996.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{C304} Langrand, O., & J. C. Sinclair. 1994. Additions and supplements to the Madagascar avifauna. Ostrich 65: 302--310. (WWF, BP 738, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar.)---Add 22 new species.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C304} Langrand, O., & O. Appert. 1995. Harlequin Quail Coturnix delegorguei and Common Quail Coturnix coturnix on Madagascar: occasional residents or resident species? Ostrich 66: 150--154. (WWF, BP 738, Antanarivo (101), Madagascar.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Langrand, O., & S. M. Goodman. 1996. Current distribution and status of Benson's Rockthrush Pseudocossyphus bensoni, a Madagascar endemic. Ostrich 67: 49--54. (WWF, BP 738, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Maddock, M., & D. Geering. 1994. Range expansion and migration of the Cattle Egret. Ostrich 65: 191--203. (Shortland Wetlands Ctr., P.O. Box 130, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.)---Bubulcus ibis. {D904} {ROL #80}

{C304} Manu, S. A., & R. Demey. 1997. First record of Brown-backed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas hartlaubi in Nigeria. Malimbus 19: 103--104. (IBAs of Nigeria, Dept. Biol. Sci., Ahmadu Bello Univ., Zaria, Nigeria.)---Sight observation of a singing bird, 25 Feb 1997.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Nuttall, R. 1995. Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina at Zastron, southeastern Free State Province, South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 35--36. (Ornithol. Dept., Natl. Mus., P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Parker, V. 1995. Further observations on birds of prey in southern Mozambique. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 64. (c/o Endangered Wildl. Trust, P/Bag X11, Parkview 2122, South Africa.)---Buteo rufofuscus, Buteo augur, Circaetus cinerascens, Falco concolor. {ROL #80}

{C304} Parker, V. 1996. Modelling the distribution of bird species in Swaziland in relation to environmental variables. Ostrich 67: 105--110. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.)---335 bird species modelled.---R.M.W. {C908} {ROL #80}

{C304} Payne, R. B., L. L. Payne, & M. T. E. Hopkins. 1997. Grey-headed Broadbill Smithornis sharpei, new to Nigeria. Malimbus 19: 100--101. (Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.)---Two, 21--22 Oct 1995.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Salewski, V. 1997. Notes on some bird species from Comoé National Park, Ivory Coast. Malimbus 19: 61--67. (Institut für Vogelforschung, An der Vogelwarte 21, Vogelwarte Helgoland, 26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.)---New data on abundance and range for 31 species, obtained by observation and mist-netting during 13 months in the northern winters of 1994--95 and 1995--96.---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C304} Smitterberg, P. 1998. Ethiopia. Alula 4: 30--36. (Irisdalsgatan 10, SE-621 42 Visby, Sweden.)---Bird observations and travel information from Ethiopia---E.H. {ROL #80}

{C304} Underhill, L.G. 1992. Waders (Charadrii) and other shorebirds at Dassen Island, and the Algoa Bay islands, South Africa. Ostrich 63: 128--129. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C304} Watson, J. J., & G. I. H. Kerley. 1995. A survey of the dune-breeding birds in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Ostrich 66: 15--20. (Terrestrial Ecol. Res. Unit, Zool. Dept., Univ. Port Elizabeth, P.O. Box 1600, Port Elizabeth, 6000, South Africa.)---589 African Black Oystercatchers Haematopus moquini and 28 Damara Terns Sterna balaenarum along 270 km of coastline.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C308} Jones, H. A. 1999. An unusual record of White-browed Scrubwrens in the Holbrook District [Australia]. Aust. Birds 31(4): 146--147. (3 Stafford Pl., Turramurra, NSW 2074, Australia.)---Sericornis frontalis. {ROL #80}

{C308} Mathieson, M., R. Johnson, & R. Hobson. 1999. Additional vertebrate fauna records for Lake Broadwater Conservation Park [Australia]. Queensland Nat. 37: 12--17. (Dept. Nat. Resour., For. Ecosystem Res. & Assessment, 80 Meiers Rd., Indooroopilly, Qld. 4068, Australia.)---Five species listed.---J.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C308} McCrie, N., & R. Jaensch. 1999. Sighting of a Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus at Lake Finniss, Northern Territory. Aust. Bird Watcher 18: 81--86. (P.O. Box 41382, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia.)---Second record for Australia, first for NT, with detailed description of first-year plumage and bare parts.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{C308} McCrie, N., & T. McCrie. 1999. Sight records of a Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus in the Northern Territory. Aust. Bird Watcher 18: 87--92. (P.O. Box 41382, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia.)---First confirmed record for Australia with detailed description and diagnosis.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{C308} O'Driscoll, R. L., et al. 1998. Distribution of seabirds in coastal waters off Otago, New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. & Freshwater Res. 32: 203--213. (Dept. Mar. Sci., Univ. Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.)---Statistical analyses of line-transect survey data on 20 seabird species.---H.D.P. {E506} {ROL #80}

{C310} Albrecht, L. 1995. [The Aletsch reserve (Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 97--110. (Naturschutzzentrum Aletsch, Villa Cassel, CH-3978 Riederalp, Switzerland.)---Includes list of bird species. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Alessandria, G., M. Della Toffola & C. Pulcher. 1997. [Ornithological report for the year 1996 in Piedmont and Aosta Valley (NW Italy)]. Riv. Piemont. St. Nat. 18: 255--288. (G.P.S.O., Mus. Civ. St. Nat., Cas. Post. 89-I 10022 Carmagnola (TO), Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Anonymous. 1997. [Rare birds recorded in Poland in 1996.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 291--312. (Komisja Faunistyczna SO PTZool., c/o Muzeum Przyrodnicze UWr., Sienkiewicza 21, 50 335 Wroclaw, Poland.)---Polish Rarities Committee report No. 13. Phylloscopus humei new to Poland (owing to changes of taxonomic status), first record of Sitta europaea asiatica; second records of Bubulcus ibis, Oenanthe pleschanka, Sylvia cantillans. (Polish, Engl. summary.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{C310} Aua, J. 1998. Interesting bird observations in [Estonia] 1977-1982. Hirundo 11: 51--52. (Kivi 1-1, Jýgeva EE2350, Estonia.)---T.K.T. {ROL #80}

{C310} Bellio, M. G., R. Pressanin & R. Parodi 1997. [First record of Pallas’ Warbler (Phylloscopus proregulus) in Italy]. Fauna 4: 133--134. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Benmergui, M. 1997. [First breeding of Great Egret (Egretta alba) in the Dombes (Ain, France).] Ornithos 4: 185--186. (O.N.C., F-01330 Birieux, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Benussi, E. 1997. [A study of an owl population (Strigiformes) in northeastern Italy.] Falco 12: 5--12. (Osservatorio Faunistico del Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Via A. Grego 35, I-34138 Trieste, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {B700, C922} {ROL #80}

{C310} Benussi, E., F. Genero, & A. Puric 1997. [Distribution of the Ural Owl (Strix uralensis macroura) in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy), west of Slovenia and Istria (Croatia).] Fauna 4: 91--100. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Bernard, A., & A. Renaudier. 1996. [Ornithological report from the autumn 1990 to the summer 1991 in the Rhône-Alpes area (France).] Bièvre 14: 3--49. (C.O.R.A. Maison Rhodanienne de l’Environnement 32, rue St. Hélène, 69002 Lyon, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Bernard, A., & A. Renaudier. 1998. [Ornithological report from Autumn 1991 to Summer 1992 in the Rhone-Alpes area (France).] Bièvre 15: 39--70. (Centre Ornithologique Rhone-Alpes, 32, rue Sainte Helene, 69002 Lyon, France.)---Lists species sighted in systematic order, with counts. (French, Engl. summ.)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C310} Bernard, A., & A. Renaudier. 1998. [Report of the Regional Rarities Committee. Species accepted in the Rhone-Alpes area (France) in 1993.] Bièvre 15: 77--82. (Centre Ornithologique Rhone-Alpes, 32, rue Sainte Helene, 69002 Lyon, France.)---Of 120 records examined, 24 species accepted (French, Engl. summ.)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C310} Bernard, A., & A. Renaudier. 1998. [Report of the Regional Rarities Committee. Species accepted in the Rhone-Alpes area (France) in 1992.] Bièvre 15: 71--75. (Centre Ornithologique Rhone-Alpes, 32, rue Sainte Helene, 69002 Lyon, France.)---Of 91 records examined, 25 species accepted (French, Engl. summ.)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C310} Bernard, A., & P. Crouzier 1998. [First proof of Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) breeding in the Rhone-Alpes region of France.] Bièvre 15: 83--84. (Centre Ornithologique Rhone-Alpes, 32, rue Sainte Helene, 69002 Lyon, France.) (French) {ROL #80}

{C310} Bijlsma, R. G., & M. Brandsma. 1997. [A territorial Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius at Berkenheuvel {Netherlands}.] Drentse Vogels 10: 62--65. (Doldersummerweg 1, 7983 LD Wapse, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Bijlsma, R. G. 1997. [Successful breeding of Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris in Drenthe {Netherlands}.] Drentse Vogels 10: 71--72. (Doldersummerweg 1, 7983 LD Wapse, Netherlands.)---First case in at least 50 years, following large scale removal of woodland. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Blšsch, A., et al. 1997. [Waterbirds of the Häftli nature reserve (Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 19--30. (Busswilstr. 9, CH-3263 Büetigen, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Boileau, N., & P. Delaporte. 1998. [Wintering status of Temminck's Stint in France.] Ornithos 5: 18--21. (LPO, Corderie Royale, BP 263, F-17305 Rochefort Cedex, France.)---Calidris temminckii present each winter since 1994/95 in Moîze-Oléron Nature Reserve (west coast). Only 5 other records. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C310} Boisseau, S., & D. W. Yalden. 1998. The former status of the Crane Grus grus in Britain. Ibis 140: 482--500. (Sch. Biol. Sci., 3.239 Stopford Bldg., Univ. Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.)---Place names, archaeological and documentary evidence all suggest that cranes once bred regularly in UK.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Botond Kiss, J., et al. 1997. [Data on the herpetophagous birds from the Danube Delta (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 15--17. (Instit. Cerc. Project. "Delta Dunarii", Str. Babadag, 8800 Tulcea, Romania.)---(Romanian, Engl. summ.) {C922} {ROL #80}

{C310} Byshnev, I. I. 1998. [Data on the distribution and breeding of the Green Woodpecker (Picus viridis) in Berezinsky Nature Reserve (Belarus).] Subbuteo 1: 38--40. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Cheylan, G., P. Vidal, & P. Bayle. 1997. [First occurrences of the Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus in the Riou Archipelago, off Marseilles, south-east France.] Faune de Provence 18: 59--60. (Mus. Hist. Nat., 6 r. Espariat, F-13100 Aix-en-Provence, France.)---Two birds, 20 pellets analysed. Prey mainly Black Rat Rattus rattus. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {D302} {ROL #80}

{C310} Christen, W. 1995. [The occurrence of Common Crossbills Loxia curvirostra north of Solothurn (Switzerland) 1980--1993.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 82--85. (Langendorfstr. 42, CH-4500 Solothurn, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Christen, W. 1997. [Distribution and population development of Rock Buntings Emberiza cia in the Jura mountains (Northern Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 353--358. (Langendorfstr. 42, CH-4500 Solothurn, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Christen, W. 1997. [Observation of a Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus near Arch.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 129--131. (Langendorfstr. 42, CH-4500 Solothurn, Switzerland.)---Canton of Berne, Switzerland. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Ciurescu, S. 1997. [The Lunca Siretului Natural Reserve (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 21--24. (Agentia de Protectia Mediului, Str. Dinicu Golescu, 2, 5330 Focsani, jud.Vrancea, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {B912} {ROL #80}

{C310} Covas, R., & J. Blondel. 1998. Biogeography and history of the Mediterranean bird fauna. Ibis 140: 395--407. (Ctr. Ecol. Funct. & Evol., CNRS, Bp 5051, F-34033 Montpellier, France.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Crocq C. 1997. [Status modifications of some species in Provence, south-east France.] Faune et Nature 39: 8--20. (La Cride, F-13 le Puy-Ste-Réparade, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Delprat, B., & D. Eigle. 1997. [First successful breeding of Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) in the Landes, south-western France.] Ornithos 4: 186--187. (Réserve Nationale du Marais d'Orx, F-40530 Labenne, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Denkinger, J. 1997. [First record of a Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 257--260. (Brunnersberg, CH-4717 Mümliswil, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Dentesani, B. 1997. [Occurrence and breeding of the Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Picoides minor) in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy)]. Fauna 4: 115--118. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Desmet, J. F. 1997. [A new breeding bird in Haute-Savoie (France), the Scarlet Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus.] Alauda 65: 297--300. (GRIFEM., F-74340 Samoìns, France.)---Spring 1997, one female with 3 juveniles; 2 singing males. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C310} Didelot-Vicari, C., & T. Schmid. 1997. [Romande ornithological records: autumn 1995 and winter 1995--1996.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 165--182. (Centr. ornithol. romande, ch. de l'étang 33, CH-1219 Ch‚ telaine, Switzerland.)---List of the observations in the French language area of Switzerland. (French.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C310} Dijk, A. J. van., et al. 1997. [Rare and colonially breeding birds in The Netherlands in 1992-93.] Limosa 70: 11--26. (SOVON, Rijksstraatweg 178, 6573 DG Beek-Ubbergen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Dijk, A. J. van., et al. 1997. [Rare and colonially breeding birds in The Netherlands in 1994.] Limosa 70: 101--112. (SOVON, Rijksstraatweg 178, 6573 DG Beek-Ubbergen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Dubois, J., & C. H. N. 1997. [Rare birds in France in 1996.] Ornithos 4: 141--164. (CHN, c/o LPO, la Corderie Royale, BP 263, F 17305 Rochefort cedex, France.)---New species for France: Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias in 1996; Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus and Daurian Jackdaw Corvus dauuricus in 1995. Also 2^nd records of Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis, White-tailed Plover Chettusia leucura and Rüppell's Warbler Sylvia rueppelli. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C310} Eigenheer. K. 1995. [First record of the Twite Carduelis flavirostris in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 169--170. (Kreuzmattwg 6. CH-4563 Gerlafingen, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Faber, M. 1998. [The second record of Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina in Poland.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 49--50. (Jesionowa 14, 34-325 Lodygowice, Poland.)---S Poland, single bird, August 1997. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{C310} Feodorov, V. A., & P. Hauff. 1997. [White-tailed Sea Eagle breeding again on the Courish Spit (Eastern Baltic Sea).] Vogelwarte 39: 164--165. (Biol. Stn. "Rybachy", Zool. Inst., Russian Acad. Sci., St. Petersburg, 1999034, Russia.) (German, Engl. summ.)---Haliaeetus albicilla. {ROL #80}

{C310} Ferrero, M. R., & M. Ferro. 1997. [Report on bird ringing in Piedmont (NW Italy) for 1996.] Riv. Piemont. St. Nat. 18: 289--309. (Mus. Civico Craveri Storia Nat., Via Craveri 15 - 12042 Bra (CN), Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Gache, C., et al. 1997. [The Stanca-Stefanesti Reservoir (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 37--40. (Fac. be Biol., Bd.Copou 23 A, 6600 Iasi, jud.Iasi, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {B912} {ROL #80}

{C310} Gache, C., et al. 1997. [The ponds from Jijia and Miletin (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 35--36. (Fac. be Biol., Bd.Copou 23 A, 6600 Iasi, jud.Iasi, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} García, L., C. Ramo & F. Ibáñez. 1996. Migrating and wintering Common Scoter in south-west Spain. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 23--25. (Equipo de Seguimeniento de Procesos Nat., Estación Biológica se Doñana, CSIC, Apdo. 1056, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Gheorghe, M. 1997. [Preliminary comment concerning the evolution of some waterbird species from Dunareni-Bistret Fish Cultural Area (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 51--54. (Muzeul Olteniei, St.Natirii, Str.Popa Sapca nr. 4, 1100 Craiova, jud.Dolj, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Glutz von Blotzheim, U. N. 1997. [First breeding record of a pair of Citrine Wagtails Motacilla citreola in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 347--352. ('Kappelmatt', CH-6430 Schwyz, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Gritschik, W. W., O. A. Pareiko, & B. V. Yaminsky. 1998. [Nesting of Goosander (Mergus merganser) in Belarus.] Subbuteo 1: 17--20. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.)---3 genuine cases; most museum specimens and published data refer to Mergus serrator. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Groot, J. B. 1997. [Occurrence of the Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis in The Netherlands.] Limosa 70: 27--32. (SOVON, Rijksstraatweg 178, 6573 DG Beek-Ubbergen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Guérin, S. 1998. [Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus, a new species for France.] Ornithos 5: 42--45. (3, impasse du petit Robinson, F-53810 Changé, France.)---Adult, July 1995. (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Guerrero, E. L. P. 1998. [The birds of the straits of Gibraltar: 19^th and 20^th centuries.] Almoraima 19: 185--197. (c/o Mancomunidad de Municipios del campo de Gibraltar, Dept. Cultura, Parque "Las Acacias", 11207 Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.)---Historical survey including land use changes. (Spanish, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Guzzon, C. 1997. [The Moustached Warbler (Acrocephalus melanopogon): occurrence in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy)]. Fauna 4: 125--130. (Via Roma 30/1,33050 Marano Lagunare, UD, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.)---Analysis of capture-recapture data including wintering distribution and habitat, timing of migration and biometrics. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.P. {C914, D904} {ROL #80}

{C310} Hauri, R. 1997. [The birds of the 'Lenkerseeli', a small lake in the Alps.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 81--114. (Breiten, Forst, CH-3636 Längenbühl, Switzerland.)---Presents species composition 1966-96; 43 species, important breeding site in Switzerland for Aythya fuligula. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Ionescu, D. 1997 [Current aspects of the waterfowl in Tara Barsei (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 62. (Str.Bobalna nr.32, 2200 Brasov, jud.Brasov, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Jenni, L., & R. Winkler. 1995. [First record of the Pallid Swift Apus pallidus in Switzerland north of the Alps.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 487--489. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Jukema, J., & U. Rijpma. 1997. [Composition of a population of Jackdaws Corvus monedula wintering in northern Friesland.] Limosa 70: 61--66. (Haerdawei 44, 8854 AC Oosterbierum, Netherlands.)---Small number belongs to Scandinavian Corvus monedula spermologus. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Kestenholz, M. 1997. [Status of the Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 53--63. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH--6204 Sempach, Switzerland)---Pattern of colonisation since the first breeding in 1958. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Kiss, A. 1997. [Ornithological observations on the Danube River (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 18--20. (Muzeal Banatului Tunisoara, Piaja Huniade 1, 1990 Tirripoara, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Knaus, P. 1997. [First record of the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 185--190. (Pflanzschulstr. 49, CH-8004 Zürich, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Knaus, P. 1997. [Rare and unusual bird observations in Switzerland in 1996.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 191--208. (Pflanzschulstr. 49, CH-8004 Zürich, Switzerland.)---Report of the Swiss Rarities Committee. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Kohl, S. 1997. [The bird fauna of the Voslobeni Swamps (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 8--11. (Str. Aurel Vlaicu 3, 4225 Reghin, jud.Mures Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {C922} {ROL #80}

{C310} Koks, B., & E. Wieling. 1997. [A winter observation of Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus in The Netherlands.] Takkeling 5(2): 7--8. (Bekemaheerd 129, 9737 PN Groningen, Netherlands.)---Adult female on 27 December 1996. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Kooij, H. van der., & B. Voslamber. 1997. [Development of the Great White Egret Egretta alba population in The Netherlands in an European context.] Limosa 70: 119--125. (Groenendaal 8, 4041 XX Kesteren, Netherlands.)---Increase in Netherlands since mid-1970s. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Kozulin, A. V., et al. 1998. [Recent distribution and number of Aquatic Warbler (Acrocephalus paludicola) in Belarus.] Subbuteo 1: 3--16. (M. Flade: Stadtsee 1-4, D-16225 Eberswalde, Germany.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Kravos, K., et al. 1997. [First record of Radde’s Warbler (Phylloscopus schwarzi) in Italy)]. Fauna 4: 135--136. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Kravos, K., et al. 1997. [Capture of Paddyfield Warbler (Acrocephalus agricola) in the Cona Island (Staranzano, GO, Italy).] Fauna 4: 131--132. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.)---First record for the Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy) region.---F.P. {ROL #80}

{C310} Krupa, R. 1997. [First record of the Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus in Poland.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 321--323. (Katedra Zoologii ART, Oczapowskiego 8, 10--957 Olsztyn, Poland.)---S. Baltic Coast. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{C310} Leuzinger, H., & P. Mosimann. 1995. [Rare and unusual bird observations in Switzerland in 1994.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 463--476. (Bahnhofstr. 6, CH-8353 Elgg, Switzerland.)---Report of the Swiss Rarities Committee. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Leuzinger, H. 1995. [The White-billed Diver Gavia adamsii in Switzerland] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 459--462. (Bahnhofstr. 6, CH-8353 Elgg, Switzerland.)---2^nd and 3^rd records for Switzerland. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Leuzinger, H. 1996. [Influxes of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Switzerland in 1992 and 1993.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 213--220. (Bahnhofstr. 6, CH-8353 Elgg, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Lugrin, B. 1997. [A Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola near Geneva, Switzerland.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 244. (ch. Annevelle 8, CH-1213 Petit-Lancy, Switzerland.)---9 May 1996. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C310} Luigujýe, L., et al. 1998. Birds of Ropka-Ihaste floodplain meadow [Estonia] in 1992. Hirundo 11: 49--50. (Postkast 227, Tartu EE2400, Estonia.)---Breeding and migration data.---T.K.T. {D904} {ROL #80}

{C310} Maumary, L., & H. Leuzinger. 1996. [Rare and unusual bird observations in Switzerland in 1995.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 329--342. (Ancienne Poste 11, CH-1030 Bussigny, Switzerland.)---Report of the Swiss Rarities Committee. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Meininger, P. L., & F. A. Arts. 1997. [The Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus as a breeding bird in The Netherlands during the 20th century.] Limosa 70: 41--60. (RIKZ, PO. Box 8039, 4330 EA Middelburg, Netherlands.)---Critical review of available literature. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Munteanu, D. 1997. [Bird fauna of Fizes Valley and Sacalaia lake: Two important bird areas (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 25--27. (Inst. de Cercetari Biologice, Str. Republicii 48, 3400, Cluj Napoca, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {B912} {ROL #80}

{C310} Nankinov, D. 1997. [A discussion on the origin of Snow Geese (Anser caerulescens) in Bulgaria.] Casarca 3: 255--258. (Inst. Zool., Bulgarian Acad. Sci., Sophia, Bulgaria.)---Possibly from Asian breeding grounds.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Nankinov, N. D., & K. S. Popov 1997. [Observation of the Ring-necked Parakeet Psittacula krameri in Bulgaria.] Acrocephalus 18: 111--112. (Inst. Zool., BAS Boul. Tzar Osvoboditel 1, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Nardo, A., & F. Mezzavilla. 1998. [Checklist of the birds of Piave River (Veneto, Italy), up-to-date to December 1995.] Picus 24: 5--12. (CORVO, Mus. Storia Nat., Via Piave 51, I-31044 Montbellu-NA (TV), Italy.)---208 species, 94 breeding. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Nicolai, B. 1998. [Occurrence and feeding of Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros on Majorca in winter.] J. Ornithol. 139: 67--70. (Museum Heineanum, Domplatz 37, D-38820 Halberstadt, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Parodi, R. 1997. [The Great Bustard (Otis tarda) in Friuli Venezia Giulia (Italy)]. Fauna 4: 83--88. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.)---Summary of records since 1842 (Italian, Engl. summ.)---F.P. {ROL #80}

{C310} Pugacewicz, E., & J. Kowalski. 1997. [The first 20th-century breeding of the Great White Egret Egretta alba in Poland.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 323--325. (Botaniczna 3, 17--200 Hajnówka, Poland.)---3 sites in 1997, E. Poland. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{C310} Radu, D. 1997. Raport al centralei ornitologice romane asupra inelarilor si regasirilor de pasari inelate 1975--1998. [Report of the Romanian Ornithological Centre about the ringing and recapture of ringed birds, 1975--1988.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 4. (Societatea Ornitologica Romana, str. Gh. Dima 49/2, 3400, Cluj Napoca, Romania.) (Romanian.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Rasinariu, R. 1997. [Contribution to the knowledge of bird fauna from Turda Gorge (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 48--50. (Soc. Ornitol. Romana, Str. Gh. Dima 49/2, 3400, Cluj Napoca, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Retiveau, P. 1997. [Nesting of Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) in Vendée, west France.] Ornithos 4: 188. (LPO Vendée, Cité des Forges, Esc. E, n 129, F-85000 La-Roche-sur-Yon, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Rosendaal, K., P. Koopmans, & E. Rosendaal. 1997. [Goshawks Accipiter gentilis in southern Twente and Hamaland {Netherlands} in 1996.] Takkeling 5(2): 10--11. (Beltrumbrink 62, 7544 ZD Enschede, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Rubinis, B. 1997. [Record of the nominate subspecies of the Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans cachinnans in Slovenia.] Acrocephalus 18: 167--171. (Prasakova 11, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Rufray, X., V. Rufray, & P. Cramm. 1998. [Wintering of Whiskered Tern in southern France.] Ornithos 5: 36--38. (GRIVE, 16 r. Ferdinand Fabre, F-34090 Montpellier, France.)---First case of wintering Chlidonias hybridus in January 1973. Birds are now regular along the French Mediterranean coasts (200/250 birds). (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C926} {ROL #80}

{C310} Sandberg, A., & J. Joelsson. 1998. [Cetti’s Warbler trapped at Ottenby bird station.] Roadrunner 6: 22--23. (Tallbacksgatan 3, SE-718 33 Frövi, Sweden.)---Second Cettia cetti caught in Sweden. (Swedish.)---E.H. {ROL #80}

{C310} Schelbert, B., et al. 1995. [Birds of the Reuss valley, Switzerland, 1971--1993.] Ornithol. Beob., Suppl. 8, 192pp. (Naturschutzzentrum Zieglerhaus, CH-8919 Rottenschwil, Switzerland.)---Data on the populations of breeding birds and wintering waterbirds plus description of the different habitats and their significance for conservation. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Schmid, H., & J. Denkinger. 1997. [Distribution and size of the breeding population of the Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 65--73. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Schmidt, Y. 1997. [Second observation of the Slender-billed Gull Larus genei on Lake Geneva, Switzerland.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 245. (r. Baulacre 30, CH-1202 Genève, Switzerland.)---12 May 1995. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C310} Scott, E. R. 1997. [Observation of Bonelli’s Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus in June 1997 at Predjamski grad (Bulgaria).] Acrocephalus 18: 98--99. (8 Woodlands, St. Neots, Cambs., PE19 1UE, UK.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Sere, D. 1998. [Occurrence of Paddyfield Warblers Acrocephalus agricola in Slovenia.] Acrocephalus 19: 49--52. (Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, Presernova 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Serra, L., et al. 1997. [Results of the census of wetland birds in Italy, 1991-1995.] Biol. Con. Fauna 101: 1--312. (Inst. Nazionale Fauna Selvatica, Via Ca' Fornacetta, 9-Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy.)---Individual accounts for 115 species surveyed at 483 sites, including 46 RAMSAR sites. 12 species exceeded threshold levels of international importance at least at 1 site. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Shokalo, S. I., & B. I. Shokalo. 1998. [Wintering wildfowl on the Western Bug and Mukhavets rivers near Brest (Belarus).] Subbuteo 1: 32--35. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.)---21 species. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Tarata, C., & F. Calin. 1997. [Qualitative and quantitative study of the bird fauna in the Sighetul Marmatiei Forest Park (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 64--66. (Str.Xenopol 53, 4925 Sighetul Marmatiei, jud.Maramures, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {C922} {ROL #80}

{C310} Tatin, L. 1997. [First breeding of the Pied Wagtail Motacilla a. alba in the Camargue, France.] Alauda 65: 377--378. (Stn. biol. Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, F-13200 Arles, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Toncean, F. 1997. [Boz ponds (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 59--60. (Str.M.Kogalniceanu 61, 2575 Sebes, jud.Alba, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Toncean, F. 1997. [Cetii stone (Romania).] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 58. (Str.M.Kogalniceanu 61, 2575 Sebes, jud.Alba, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Trilar, T. 1999. [First observation of the Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris in Slovenia.] Acrocephalus 20: 3--5. (Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, Presernova 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Utmar, P., K. Kravos, & F. Perco 1997. [Observation of Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos) on the Isonzo estuary (Italy)]. Fauna 4: 89--90. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.)---First observation in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy) region.---F.P. {ROL #80}

{C310} Vidal, P., & P. Bayle. 1997. [The Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo, a new breeding species in the Riou Archipelago, off Marseilles, south-east France.] Faune de Provence 18: 55--57. (CEEP, B.P. 304, 13609 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 01, France.)---Preys mainly on Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans and Black Rat Rattus rattus. Also on Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea and Mediterranean Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C310, D302} {ROL #80}

{C310} Volet, B., & H. Schmid. 1996. [Rare and unusual records of breeding, migrating and wintering bird species, 1993 and 1994.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 315--328. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Breeding records of Mergus serrator, Somateria mollissima, Merops apiaster and other observations of rare species. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C310} Weber, P. 1997. [Histria [Romania] and its bird fauna.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 3: 12--14. (Muzeul Medias, Str. Vitorului 46, 3925, Medias, jud.Sibiu, Romania.) (Romanian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Wiprächtiger, P., & E. Grütter. 1995. [Broods of the Bee-eater Merops apiaster in the cantons of Lucerne and Berne (Switzerland) in 1992.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 175--176. (Schützenweg, CH-6247 Schötz, Switzerland) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Yasevich, A. M., & D. E. Vintchevsky. 1998. [Observation of Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) near Grodno.] Subbuteo 1: 37--38. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.)---First record for Belarus. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Yurco, V. V., & V. N. Duchits. 1998. [Rare bird species of south-western Naliboki Forest and adjacent part of Neman River floodplain (Belarus).] Subbuteo 1: 29--31. (No address in English; c/o P.O. Box 197, 230023 Grodno-23, Belarus.)---24 species. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C310} Zbären, E. 1995. [A mummified Quail Coturnix coturnix on the Rezli Glacier, Wildstrubel, Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 167--168. (Unterfluh, CH-3772 St. Stephan, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C310} Zenatello, M., et al. 1997. [Breeding of the Goosander Mergus merganser in Italy.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 246. (I.N.F.S., via Ca' Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy.)---First breeding; pair with five young. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C312} Levesque, A. 1997. [First breeding of Turdus nudigenis in Guadeloupe, French West Indies.] Alauda 65: 378. (La Huttière, F-44522 Mésanger, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C316} Bergier, P., et al. 1998. [Rare birds in Morocco---Report of the Moroccan Rare Birds Committee # 2 (1996).] Porphyrio 9: 165--173. (4 Avenue Folco de Baroncelli, 13210 Saint Rémy de Provence, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C316} Bilgin, C. C. 1996. First record of the Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) from Ankara, Turkey. Zool. Middle E. 14: 25--26. (Dept. Biol., Middle East Tech. Univ., 06531, Ankara, Turkey.)---First breeding record for Turkey.---T.M. {ROL #80}

{C316} Dufourny, H. 1998. Observation d’une Mouette atricille (Larus atricilla) a l’embouchure de l’Oued Souss le 16 mai 1996. [Observation of a Laughing Gull (Larus atricilla) at the mouth of the Oued Souss (Morocco), 16 May 1996.] Porphyrio 9: 65--68. (20, rue du Raimbaix, B-7387, Honelles, Belgium.) (French) {ROL #80}

{C316} El Ghazi, A., & J. Franchimont 1998. Chronique ornithologique du GOMAC pour 1996---Partie I: des Grèbes aux pics. Porphyrio 9: 70--164. (Faculté des Sciences de Meknes, B.P. 4010, Beni-M’Hamed, 50.003, Meknes, Morocco.)---Moroccan bird report, grebes to woodpeckers. (French)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C316} El Ghazi, A. 1998. [List of the breeding birds of Sidi Bousekri (Morocco).] Porphyrio 9: 45--50. (Faculté des Sciences de Meknes, B.P. 4010, Beni-M’Hamed, 50.003, Meknes, Morocco.) (French) {ROL #80}

{C316} Franchimont, J., et al. 1998. Liste GOMAC révisée et statuts des espèces regulierement observables au Maroc. Porphyrio 9: 28--44. (Faculté des Sciences de Meknes, B.P. 4010, Beni-M’Hamed, 50.003, Meknes, Morocco.)---List and status of species regularly seen in Morocco. (French)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C316} Kirwan, G. M. 1996. The status of the Red Knot Calidris canutus, in the Middle East. Zool. Middle E. 13: 17--23. (6 Connaught Rd., Norwich NR2 3BP, UK.)---More regular in Turkey than previously thought.---T.M. {ROL #80}

{C316} Renaudier, A. 1998. [Nesting of Purple Gallinule (Porphyrio porphyrio) at Sidi Bou Ghaba (Morocco).] Porphyrio 9: 69. (9, Chemin du Plain Vallon, 69.300, Caluire et Cuire, France) (French) {ROL #80}

{C316} Robel, D. 1997. Records of the Grey Hornbill Tockus nasutus, Crimson-rumped Waxbill Estrilda rhodopyga and African Silverbill Lonchura cantans in Egypt. Zool. Middle E. 15: 33--35. (Berliner Platz 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany.)---First records in Aswan made in 1996.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{C318} Joiris, C. R., et al. 1997. Summer distribution of seabirds in the North-East Water polynya Greenland. J. Marine Systems 13: 51--59. (Lab. Ecotoxicology and Polar Ecol., Free Univ. Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.)---Mapping seabirds in large non-linear zones of open water within an ice-covered polar sea.---W.J.D. {ROL #80}

{C320} Carey, G. J. (ed). 1996. Records Committee Report. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 4--5. (Hong Kong Birdwatching Soc., GPO Box 12460, Hong Kong.)---Systematic list, waterfowl counts and ringing report.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C320} Carey, G. J., & P. R. Kennerley. 1996. ‘Mew’ Gull: the first record for Hong Kong and the identification and systematics of Common Gull forms in East Asia. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 134--149. (Flat 11D Block 3, Royal Ascot, Fo tan, Hong Kong.)---Larus canus brachyrhynchus. {ROL #80}

{C320} Carey, G. S., & D. S. Melville. 1996. Spot-billed ducks in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 224--230. (Flat 11D Block 3, Royal Ascot, Fo Tan, Hong Kong.)---Anas poecilorhyncha haringtoni. {ROL #80}

{C320} Erokhov, S. N. 1997. [Brent Goose in southeastern Kazakhstan in winter.] Casarca 3: 160. (Inst. Zool. Anim. Gene Fund, Min. Sci. Acad. Sci. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan.)---1^st record of Branta bernicla. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C320} Grichik, V., & A. Kozulin. 1996. Breeding status of Goosander, Red-breasted Merganser and Smew in Belarus. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 42--43. (Inst. Zool., 220072 Minsk, Skoriny 27, Belarus.)---Fewer than 50 pairs each of Mergus merganser, Mergus serrator, and Mergus albellus.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C320} Grishchenko, V. N., et al. 1998. [Birds of the red book of Ukraine in the Kaniv nature reserve and its outskirts.] Nat. Reserves in Ukraine 4: 70--74. (Kaniv Nat. Reserve, 258300 Kaniv, Ukraine.) (Russian) {ROL #80}

{C320} Hackett, J. 1998. A high altitude breeding record of Besra Accipiter virgatus. Forktail 14: 73--74. (Tower 116B, Senior Staff Quarters, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.)---Recorded at Min Shan, south of Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan Province, China.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C320} Hirokawa, J., H. Shinjo, & T. Higuchi. 1999. The first record of the Little Stint from Hokkaido [Japan]. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 55--56. (9-2-11 Shinoro, Kita-ku, Sapporo 002-8029, Japan.)---Calidris minuta. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Hopkin, P. J., et al. 1996. Brown-chested Flycatcher: the first record for Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 123--128. (HKBWS, GPO Box 12460, Hong Kong.)---Rhinomyias brunneata. {ROL #80}

{C320} Ishizuka, T. 1998. [Nesting behaviour of the Blackbird Turdus merula in Kanazawa (Japan).] Strix 16: 135--141. (Hoshino Wildl. Res. Ctr., Hoshino, Karuizawa, Nagano 389-0194, Japan.)---First breeding record for Japan. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C320} Jantunen, J. 1996. Black Redstart on Ping Chau: the first record for Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 116--118. (Caprintie 52 A 5, 55330 Tiuruniemi, Finland.)---Phoenicurus ochruros. {ROL #80}

{C320} Kalyakin, M. V., & L. P. Korzun. 1998. [Ornithological observations in Fan Si Pan summit area, North Vietnam, in winter 1996/7.] Materials Zool. Bot. Stud. Fan Si Pan Summit Area (N. Vietnam): 159--226. (Russian Acad. Sci., Russia.)---102 species observed at altitudes of 1400--3000 m. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---K.E. {ROL #80}

{C320} Leader, P. J., & R.W. Lewthwaite. 1996. Manchurian Reed Warbler: the first records for Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 119--122. (HKBWS, GPO Box 12460, Hong Kong.)---Acrocephalus tangorum. {ROL #80}

{C320} Leader, P. J. 1996. Black-headed bunting: the first records for Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 129--133. (HKBWS, GPO Box 12460, Hong Kong.)---Emberiza melanocephala. {ROL #80}

{C320} Lewthwaite, R. W. 1996. Forest birds of Southeast China: observations during 1984--1996. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 150--203. (2 Villa Paloma, Shuen Wan, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong.)---Survey results in 9 forest sites.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C320} Masatomi, H. 1999. A pair of White-naped Cranes nested in Hokkaido, in 1985, the first confirmed record for Japan. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 69--71. (Hokkaido Coll., Senshu Univ., Koshundai, Bibai, Hokkaido 079-0197, Japan.)---Grus vipio. {ROL #80}

{C320} Mel'nikov, Y. I. 1998. [Ornithological records in the Selenga delta, south-western Transbaikalia (Russia).] Ornithologia 28: 104--107. (Ircutsk Com. Nat. Prot., Parkovaya St. 16, Ircutsk 664012, Russia.)---Studies from 1972 to 1992. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C320} Melville, D. S., & G. J. Carey. 1998. Syntopy of Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus and House Sparrow Passer domesticus in Inner Mongolia, China. Forktail 13: 125. (WWF Hong Kong, GPO Box 12721, Hong Kong, China.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Melville, D. S., & Li Yu-Xiang. 1998. Notes on winter birds at Shuangtaihekou National Nature Reserve, Liaoning Province, China. Forktail 13: 126--128. (WWF Hong Kong, GPO Box 12721, Hong Kong, China.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Momose, A. 1998. [Wintering records of Long-billed Ringed Plover in Tokachi District, eastern Hokkaido (Japan).] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 24. (ARC Corp., Higashi 6, Minami 7-20, Obihiro 080, Japan.)---Charadrius placidus. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Moores, N. C. 1996. Baikal Teal in South Korea. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 231--235. (Maison Torianon 101, Kashii 6-chrome, 3-27 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan)---Anas formosa. {ROL #80}

{C320} Nakamura, Y., et al. 1999. [The first breeding record of the Bulwer's Petrel in Miyazaki Prefecture (Japan).] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 145--147. (Exp. Anim. Ctr., Miyazaki Med. Coll., Kihara 5200, 889-1692, Japan.)---Bulweria bulwerii. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Nakamura, Y., et al. 1999. [The first breeding record of the Styan's Grasshopper Warbler in Miyazaki Prefecture (Japan).] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 61--63. (Exp. Anim. Ctr., Miyazaki Med. Coll., Kihara 5200, 889-1692, Japan.)---Locustella pleskei. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Nankinov, D. N. 1998. [Birds of Smolensk cemetry in Leningrad (Russia) in 1971.] Nat. Reserves in Ukraine 4: 75--89. (Kaniv Nat. Reserve, 258300 Kaniv, Ukraine.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Onishi, T., & S. Yuasa. 1999. [The first record of the Chiffchaff from Japan.] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 73--76. (1-3-19-401, Kasugadenaka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan.)---Phylloscopus collybita tristis. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Pae, S.-H., et al. 1996. Current status of wintering Cranes in Korea. Bull. Korean Inst. Ornithol. 5: 13--20. (Korea Inst. Ornithol., Kyung-Hee Univ., Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.)---Mainly Grus japonensis, Grus vipio and Grus monacha.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C320} Park, J.-Y. 1996. Wintering waterbirds in Daeho Lake [Korea], 1994-95. Bull. Korean Inst. Ornithol. 5: 33--37. (Korea Inst. Ornithol., Kyung-Hee Univ., Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.)---Nearly 30,000 individuals of 31 species at RAMSAR site.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C320} Pearse, J. N., & R. W. Lewthwaite. 1996. Brown Booby: the first record for Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 112--115. (PO Box 2324, Gaithersburg, MD 20886-2324, USA.)---Sula leucogaster. {ROL #80}

{C320} Pfeffer, J. J. 1997. [The Ptarmigan Lagopus mutus, new for Tadjikistan, and other species.] Alauda 65: 379--380. (87 r. du moulin, F-68610 Linthal, France.)---Up to 5000 m. (French.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C320} Shidlovsky, I. V., et al. 1998. [Present status of avifauna of the natural reserve "Cholginsky" and surrounding territories (Ukraine).] Nat. Reserves in Ukraine 4: 65--70. (Kaniv Nat. Reserve, 258300 Kaniv, Ukraine.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Stepanyan, L. S. 1998. [Materials on the ornithological fauna of the Korean Peninsula.] Ornithologia 28: 114--119. (A.N. Severtsov Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 117071, Russia.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Subuchi, M., & Y. Fujimaki. 1998. [Sight and capture records of the Siberian Accentor from Hokkaido (Japan).] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 21--23. (Lab. Wildl. Ecol., Obihiro Univ. Agr. & Veterinary Med., Inaba, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan.)---Prunella montanella. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Terasawa, T. 1999. [Sight records of the White-throated Rock Thrush from Teuri Island, Hokkaido (Japan).] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 143--144. (Aikage 110, Teuri, Haboro, Hokkaido 078-3951, Japan.)---Monticola gularis. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Ueno, Y. 1999. [The first breeding record of the Fairy Pitta from Chugoku District, Honshu, Japan.] Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 139--141. (Miyauchi 2098-20, Hatukaichi 738-0034, Japan.)---Pitta brachyura (=Pitta nympha?). (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Volkov, S. V., et al. 1998. [Current distribution and abundance of the Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus), the Great Grey Owl (Strix nebulosa) and the Ural Owl (Strix uralensis) in Moscow region.] Ornithologia 28: 92--99. (Nature Prot. Biol. Fac., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Voronetsky, V. I. 1998. [Materials on the avifauna of the Zvenigorod biological station of the Moscow State University and its vicinities: changes in the avifauna of passerines of open biotopes.] Ornithologia 28: 76--81. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.) (Russian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C320} Won, P.-O. 1996. Checklist of the birds of Korea. Bull. Korean Inst. Ornithol. 5: 39--58. (Korea Inst. Ornithol., Kyung-Hee Univ., Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.)---418 species.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C320} Woo, Y.-T., & J.-N. Lee. 1996. Newly recorded birds of 6 species and subspecies in Korea. Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 59--61. (Dept. Biol., Kyung-sung Univ., Pusan, Korea.)---First records of Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius, Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela and Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C320} Zubakin, V. A. 1998. [Numbers and distribution of gulls and terns in the Moscow region.] Ornithologia 28: 66--75. (A.N. Severtsov Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 117071, Russia.)---Colony counts for 1986--1987. Up to 50000 pairs of Larus ridibundus, 2500 Larus canus, 350 Larus minutus, 800 Chlidonias niger, 400 Chlidonias leucopterus, and 700 Sterna hirundo. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C324} Baker, C., et al. 1996. Mangaia '96. Oxford Univ. Expedition Report. 61 pp. (24 Wellington Pk., Clifton, Bristol BS8 2UT, UK.)---Estimates densities of Mangaia Kingfisher Todirhamphus ruficollaris in different vegetation communities and overall population size on this island in the Cook Is.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C324} Bourne, W. R. P., & K. E. L. Simmons. 1998. A preliminary list of the birds of Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Sea Swallow 47: 42--56. (Dept. Zool., Aberdeen Univ., Aberdeen, AB9 2TN, Scotland, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C324} Thibault, J.-C., & V. Bretagnolle. 1999. Breeding seabirds of Gambier Islands, Eastern Polynesia: numbers and changes during the 20th Century. Emu 99: 100--107. (PNRC, B.P. 417, F-20184, Ajaccio, Corsica.)---17 species of seabird breed at these islands. Breeding data on these birds were determined during 1995--96 and compared with data from 3 earlier surveys.---W.K.S. {C914} {ROL #80}

{C328} Balen, S. van. 1996. The ornithological importance of the Danau Sentarum Wildlife Reserve in West Kalimantan [Borneo]. Sarawak Mus. J. 50: 125--144. (Mus., Kuching, Sarawak.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Choudhury. 1998. Some new elevation records of birds from Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunchal Pradesh, India. Forktail 14: 71. (Rhino Found. for Nat. in NE India, c/o The Assam Co., Ltd., G. Bordoloi Path, Bamunimaidam, Guwahati 781021, Assam, India.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Davidson, P. (Ed). 1998. A wildlife and habitat survey of Nam Et and Phou Louey National Biodiversity Conservation Areas, Houaphanh Province, Lao PDR. Centre for Protected Areas & Watershed Management/ Wildlife Conservation Society Report. 149 pp. (Wildl. Conserv. Soc, PO Box 6712, Vientiane, Lao PDR.)---299 species recorded, including 3 globally threatened and 13 near-threatened.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C328} Duckworth, J. W., & S. Hedges. 1998. Bird records from Cambodia in 1997, including records of sixteen species new for the country. Forktail 14: 29--36. (East Redham Farm, Pilning, Bristol BS12 3JG, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Duckworth, J. W., et al. 1998. Bird records from Laos, October 1994--August 1995. Forktail 13: 33--68. (East Redham Farm, Pilning, Bristol BS12 3JG, UK.)---Many new records for the region.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Dymond, J. N. 1998. Birds in Vietnam in December 1993 and December 1994. Forktail 13: 7--12. (Burgadies, South Punds, Levenwick, Shetland, ZE2 9HX, UK.)---Species found during two visits plus discovery of Grey-crowned Crocias Crocias langbianis at Ho Tuyen Lam, near Da Lat, Lam Dong Province.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Evans, T. D., & R. J. Timmins. 1998. Records of birds from Laos during January-July 1994. Forktail 13: 69--96. (11a Yeoman Lane, Bearstead, Maidstone, Kent, UK.)---Many new records for the region.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Fletcher, B. S. 1998. A breeding record for Minahassa Owl Tyto inexspectata from Dumoga-Bone National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Forktail 14: 80--81. (11 Boronia Ave., Woy Woy, NSW, Australia.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Gamauf, A., M. Preleuthner, & W. Pinsker. 1998. Distribution and field identification of Philippine birds of prey: 1. Philippine Hawk Eagle Spizaetus philippensis and Changeable Hawk Eagle Spizaetus cirrhatus. Forktail 14: 1--11. (Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 1 Zool. Abt.-Vogelsammlung, Burgring 7, A-1014, Wien, Austria.) {D702} {ROL #80}

{C328} Gee, B. 1998. Radde's Warbler Phylloscopus schwarzi: a new species for the Philippines. Forktail 14: 81. (41 Colville House, Waterloo Gardens, London E2 9HX, UK.)---Single bird seen in Sierra Madre Range, Isabella Province, northern Luzon.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Gregory-Smith, R. 1996. Bird report-Sarawak 1995. Sarawak Mus. J. 50: 93--110. (LPO Box A258, Australian Natl. Univ., Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Gregory-Smith, R. 1997. An altitudinal study of the birds of Gunung Serapi, Sarawak [Malaysia.] Malayan Nature Journal 50: 331--335. (LPO Box A258, Australian Natl. Univ., Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia.)---Distribution of 125 species trapped over 800 m altitudinal range in all seasons.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C328} Gregory-Smith, R. 1997. Pale-bellied Myna Acridotheres cinereus in Sarawak [Malaysia]. Malayan Nature Journal 50: 355--356. (LPO Box A258, Australian Natl. Univ., Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia.)---First documented record; population established most likely as a result of ship-assisted introduction.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C328} Gregory-Smith, R. 1997. Red-footed Booby Sula sula---first record for Sarawak [Malaysia]. Malayan Nature Journal 50: 357--358. (LPO Box A258, Australian Natl. Univ., Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Hem Sagar Baral. 1998. Finn's Weaver Ploceus megarhynchus and Singing Bushlark Mirafra cantillans: two new species for Nepal. Forktail 13: 129--131. (Inst. Syst. Pop. Biol., Univ. Amsterdam, Mauritskade 61, P.O. Box 94766, 1090 GT Amsterdam, Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Hough, J. 1998. Pallas's Bunting Emberiza pallasi: a new species for Nepal and the Indian subcontinent. Forktail 14: 72--73. (51 Brook St., 6-C, Naugatuck, CT 06770, USA.)---Located at Kosi River, eastern Nepal.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Huong, S. L., & N. S. Sodhi. 1997. Status of the Oriental Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis in Singapore. Malayan Nature Journal 50: 347--354. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Rd., Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore.)---At least 114 individuals detected at 31 sites by playback.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C328} Javed, S., & A. R. Rahmani. 1998. Conservation of the avifauna of Dudwa National Park, India. Forktail 14: 55--64. (Ctr. Wildl. Ornithol., Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligarh 202 002, India.)---Subtropical tall grassland, 330 bird species recorded, 112 breed in area.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Kalsi, R. S. 1998. Birds of Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary, Haryana, India. Forktail 13: 29--32. (Dept. Zool., M.L.N. Coll., Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India.)---Lists 161 species, with information on status, season and habitat.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Karim-Dakog, A., et al. 1997. Understory avifauna of the UKM forest reserve, a fragmented and disturbed lowland rainforest [Malaysia.] Malayan Nature Journal 50: 337--346. (Labatan Zool., Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.)---91 species, mainly insectivores.---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C328} Kylanpaa, J. 1998. Black-capped Kingfisher Halcyon pileata: a new species for Pakistan. Forktail 13: 126. (Mission Bungalow, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Le Corre, M. 1996. The breeding seabirds of Tromelin Island (Western Indian Ocean): Population sizes, trends and breeding phenology. Ostrich 67: 155--159. (CEBC, CNRS, Villiers en Bois, 79360, Beauvoir sur Niort, France.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Mishra, C., & B. Humbert-Droz. 1998. Avifaunal survey of Tsomoriri Lake and adjoining Nuro Sumdo wetland in Ladakh, Indian trans-Himalaya. Forktail 14: 65--67. (Dept. Terr. Ecol. & Nat. Conserv., Wageningen Agric. Univ., 69 Bornesteeg, 6708 PD Wageningen, Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Nuytemans, H. 1998. Notes on Philippine birds: interesting records from northern Luzon and Batan Island. Forktail 14: 37--40. (Grotstraat 68, B-2990 Wuustwezel, Belgium.)---First Luzon record of batanes race of Japanese Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone atrocaudata periophthalmica; first Philippine record of the lugens race of White Wagtail Motacilla alba.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Robson, C. R., et al. 1998. A birdwatching visit to the Chin Hills, West Burma (Myanmar), with notes from nearby areas. Forktail 13: 109--120. (63 Stafford St., Norwich NR2 3BD, UK.)---Nearly 400 species recorded in 1995; two new records for Burma, 20 for West Burma, and three for Central Burma.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C328} Sankaran, R. 1998. An annotated list of the endemic avifauna of the Nicobar Islands [India]. Forktail 13: 17--22. (Salim Ali Ctr. Ornithol. & Nat. Hist., Kalampayam P.O., Coimbatore 641 010, India.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Showler, D.A., et al. 1998. A wildlife and habitat survey of the southern border of Xe Sap National Biodiversity Conservation Area and the Dakchung Plateau, Xe Kong Province, Lao PDR. Centre for Protected Areas & Watershed Management/ Wildlife Conservation Society Report. 66pp. (Wildl. Conserv. Soc, PO Box 6712, Vientiane, Lao PDR.)---Both surveys revealed relatively low species diversity with less than 10 species of conservation concern at each site. The recently described "Black-crowned Barwing," Actinodura sp. nova was recorded at Dakchung.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C328} Showler, D.A., et al. 1998. A wildlife and habitat survey of Nam Xam National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Houaphanh Province, Lao PDR. Centre for Protected Areas & Watershed Management/ Wildlife Conservation Society Report. 82pp. (Wildl. Conserv. Soc, PO Box 6712, Vientiane, Lao PDR.)---192 species recorded, including 22 of conservation concern.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C328} Simpson, D. M. 1998. Bird observations in the Yamdena Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia, 17 September to 4 October 1997. Sea Swallow 47: 66--70. (c/o 4 Ruswarp Lane, Whitby, N. Yorkshire, YO21 1ND, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C328} Vestergaard, M. 1998. Eared Pitta Pitta phayrei: a new species for Bangladesh and the Indian subcontinent. Forktail 14: 69--70. (Svinovej 23, Kostraede Banker, 4750 Lundby, Denmark.)---Located in Lowacherra Forest Reserve, NE of Srimangal.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{C330} Bonaccorsi, G. 1998. [New observation of Shoveler Anas clypeata in Venezuela.] Alauda 66: 69. (Immeuble l'Azalée, Résidence Biancarello, Ch. Biancarello, F-20090 Ajaccio, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C700} Mezzavilla, F., & S. Lombardo 1997. [Breeding biology of the Tengmalm’s Owl (Aegolius funereus) in the Cansiglio Forest (NE Italy)]. Fauna 4: 101--114. (Serv. regionale della Caccia e della Pesca, via di Toppo, 40, 33100 Udine, Italy.) (Italian, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C702} Brémond-Hoslet, E., M. Cuisin, & P. Nicolau-Guillaumet. 1997. [French ornithological bibliography: 1994.] Alauda 65: 357--376. (Bibliothèque SEOF., 55 r. Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C704} Kloot, T. 1999. The biography behind the bird: Grey Honeyeater Conopophila whitei (North 1910). Vic. Nat. 116: 70--72. (8/114 Shannon St., Box Hill N., Vic. 3129, Australia.)---Named after Alfred, son of well known Australian ornithologist H.L. White.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{C704} Kloot, T. 1999. The Eungella Honeyeater. Aust. Birds 31(4): 138--140. (8/114 Shannon St., Box Hill N., Vic. 3129, Australia.)---Brief biography of Keith Alfred Hindwood.---J.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C704} Lima, L. A. 1997. Emil Otto Hohn (1919--1997)---Obituary. Ibis 139: 705--706. (No address available.) {ROL #80}

{C704} Petra, R. 1998. [Important persons of parrot biology (part 4): Heinrich H. Bregulla (*11.07.1930)---protector of the South Sea Islands nature.] Papageienkunde 2: 177--183. (Kiesweg 4, D-46147 Oberhausen, Germany.)---Biography of a German ornithologist working in the South Pacific (German, Engl. summ.)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{C706} Clancey, P. A. 1993. The type-locality of the Crested Barbet. Ostrich 64: 43. (Durban Nat. Sci. Mus., P.O. Box 4085, Durban, 4000, South Africa.)---Trachyphonus vaillantii. {ROL #80}

{C706} Clark, W. S. 1995. Specimen of Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus from South Africa verified. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 39. (7800 Dassett Court, Apt 101, Annandale, VA 22003, USA.)---Specimen may have been imported from Europe.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C706} Peterson, A. T., A. G. Navarro-Sigüenza, & H. Benítez-Díaz. 1998. The need for continued scientific collecting; a geographic analysis of Mexican bird specimens. Ibis 140: 288--294. (Mus. Nat. Hist, Univ. Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.) {ROL #80}

{C706} Provençal, P., & U. G. Sørensen. 1998. Medieval record of the Siberian White Crane Grus leucogeranus in Egypt. Ibis 140: 333--335. (Nat. Hist. Mus. Aarhus, Univ. Pk, Bygn 210, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.) {ROL #80}

{C706} Taylor, P. B., & K. Hustler. 1993. The southern African specimen of the Long-toed Flufftail Sarothrura lugens: a case of misidentification. Ostrich 64: 38--40. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, P.O. Box 375, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.)---The only specimen found is identified as an immature Red-chested Flufftail Sarothrura rufa.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C706} Voisin, J. F., J. Vimpère, & P. Yésou. 1998. [Types of Larus audouinii and Phalacrocorax desmaretii described by Charles Payraudeau in 1826.] Alauda 66: 64--66. (M.N.H.N., Zool. (Mammifères et Oiseaux), 55 r. Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France.) (French, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C900} Agbelusi, E. A. 1995. Some ecological studies of forest bushfowl (Francolinus bicalcaratus L) in the humid area of western Nigeria. Afr. J. Ecol. 33: 271--272. (Dept. Fish. & Wildl., Federal Univ. Technol., PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria.) {ROL #80}

{C900} Bosch, M., & D. Sol. 1998. Habitat selection and breeding success in Yellow-legged Gulls Larus cachinnans. Ibis 140: 415--421. (Dept. Ecol., Univ. Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.)---Habitat selection based on suitability for nest site; settlement pattern within colonies seems to follow an ideal despotic distribution.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Bossert, A. 1995. [Population dynamics and habitat use of Ptarmigan Lagopus mutus in the Aletsch area, Swiss Alps.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 307--314. (Malerweg 17, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.)---Spring counts from 1974--1994 revealed a density of 2.5 pairs per km² which did not change over the study period. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C900} Dhondt, A. A., B. Kempenaers, & J. Clobert. 1998. Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus predation and Blue Tit Parus caeruleus adult annual survival rate. Ibis 140: 580--584. (Cornell Lab. Ornithol., 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd., Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.)---Survival rate of tits in a study plot decreased after colonisation by Sparrowhawks.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Dijk, A. J. van. 1997. [Singing Curlews Numenius arquata in Drenthe {Netherlands} forever, or not?] Drentse Vogels 10: 50--61. (Anserweg 8, 7975 PB Uffelte, Netherlands.)---Trends and breeding success in farmland and heaths during 1967--1997. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Hafner, H., et al. 1998. Local survival, natal dispersal, and recruitment in Little Egrets Egretta garzetta. J. Avian Biol. 29: 216--227. (Stn. Biol. de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc 13200 Arles, France.)---Analysis of 3024 individual capture histories of 6048 chicks and 508 breeding adults individually marked in southern France in 1981--1995. Annual survival rates of adults was constant between 1987-1995, whereas those of yearlings varied from 6.5-55.2%. Most birds started breeding at age one.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Huhta, E., J. Jokimaki, & P. Rahko. 1998. Distribution and reproductive success of the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca in relation to forest patch size and vegetation characteristics; the effect of scale. Ibis 140: 214--222. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Oulu, Fin-90570 Oulu, Finland.)---Distribution follows the ideal-free distribution model at the macrohabitat scale, and the ideal-despotic model at the microhabitat scale.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Koen, J. H. 1992. Medium-term fluctuations of birds and their potential food resources in the Knysna forest. Ostrich 63: 21--30. (Cape Nat. Conserv., Priv. Bag X6102, Kimberley, 8300, South Africa.)---Irregular and periodic low periods in food production reduce species richness and density of forest birds.---R.M.W. {C914, C924} {ROL #80}

{C900} Koshelev, A., B. Chabin, & R. Pokusa. 1997. Seasonal distribution and mortality of Cormorant from the northern Azov Sea. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 153--157. (Azov-Black Sea Ornithol. Stn., Melitopol, Ukraine)---For Phalacrocorax carbo, 1^st year annual mortality of 41.2% drops to 7.5% for birds older than 4 years. Most winter recoveries were within 600 km of breeding colonies.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Kullberg, C. 1998. Spatial niche dynamics under predation risk in the Willow Tit Parus montanus. J. Avian Biol. 29: 235--240. (Dept. Zool., Stockholm Univ., S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.)---Experimental exposure of two avian predator dummies to aviary-held birds resulted in shift of foraging in more sheltered parts of the tree.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Musil, P., J. Formánek, & J. Škopek. 1997. Numbers and movements of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 61--72. (Inst. Appl. Ecol., Czech Agric. Univ., Kostelec nad Èernymi lesy CZ-281 63, Czech Republic.)---Breeding was established in 1982. Most young birds move to the Baltic, then through Europe to winter in the Mediterranean. Adults tend to move less far.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Norrdahl, K., & E. Korpimäki. 1998. Fear in farmlands: how much does predator avoidance affect bird community structure? J. Avian Biol. 29: 79--85. (Lab. Ecol. Anim. Syst., Dept. Biol., Univ. Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland.)---Positive relationship between densities of breeding birds and distance from Falco tinnunculus nests. Effect weak at species level but stronger at community level.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C900} Pöysä, H., P. Runko, & V. Ruusila. 1998. Natal philopatry and local resource competition in the Common Goldeneye: a reply. J. Avian Biol. 29: 323--324. (Finnish Game & Fish. Res. Inst., Evo Game Res. Stn., Kaitalammintie 75, FIN-16970 Evo, Finland.)---Bucephala clangula. {ROL #80}

{C900} Thyen, S. 1997. [Habitat selection and hatching success in Redshank (Tringa totanus) breeding in agriculturally used salt marshes at the coast of Lower Saxony.] Vogelwarte 39: 117--130. (Korsorsstr. 149, D-26203 Wardenburg, Germany.)---Abundance higher in orthotropic herb associations than in grass communities; hatching success did not differ significantly. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{C900} van Zyl, A. J. 1994. The influence of the environment on breeding success of a suburban population of Crested Barbets Trachyphonus vaillantii. Ostrich 65: 291--296. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. Ornithol Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Suburban environment may be less variable than a natural environment, resulting in a stable population.---R.M.W. {C918} {ROL #80}

{C900} Vidal, E., et al. 1997. [Impact of the Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans michahellis on natural environments in Provence, South-East France.] Faune de Provence 18: 47--53. (IMEP, CNRS 6100, Case 461, Fac. Sci. Tech. Saint-Jérôme, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.)---Largest breeding colonies impact fragile, rare or very restricted plant or animal species. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C900} Weatherhead, P. J. 1998. Natal philopatry and local resource competition in the Common Goldeneye. J. Avian Biol. 29: 321--322. (Dept. Biol., Carleton Univ., 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Can.)---Bucephala clangula. {ROL #80}

{C900} Wilkens, S., & K.-M. Exo. 1998. [Population size and density-dependent effects on breeding success in Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) on Mellum island.] J. Ornithol. 139: 21--36. (Bonhoefferstr. 23, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.)---Stratified sampling of colony size and density (13,449 pairs; highest density 134 pairs/ha) on this island off the western coast of Germany. Reproductive parameters and growth rates are presented depending on breeding site, density and food. Radio-tracking studies of foraging. (German, Engl. summ.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{C902} Armitage, M. J. S., N. H. K. Burton, &, M. M. Rehfisch. 1997. The abundance and distribution of waterfowl within Milford Haven [Wales] after the Sea Empress Oil Spill Year 1 Report, September 1997. BTO Res. Report. 182. (Nat. Cent. Ornithol., The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2PU, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C902} Campbell, L. H., et al. 1997. A review of the indirect effects of pesticides on birds. JNCC Rep. 227. (Joint Nature Conservation Committee Communications, Monkstone House, City Road, Peterborough, PE1 1JY, UK.)---Indirect impact on farmland bird populations.---DM. {ROL #80}

{C902} Chiba, A., N. Shibuya, & R. Honma. 1999. Description of a lead-poisoned Middendorff’s Bean Goose found at Fukushima-gata, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 87--96. (Dept. Biol., Nippon Dental Univ., Niigata 951-8580, Japan.)---Anser fabalis middendorffii. {ROL #80}

{C902} Colombé, S. V., J. B. Reid, & A. Webb. 1996. Seabird studies off south-west Wales and south-east Ireland following the Sea Empress incident at Milford Haven, February 1996. JNCC Rept. No. 225. (Seabird & Cetaceans Team, JNCC, 7 Thistle Pl., Aberdeen AB10 1UZ, UK.)---Transect counts, recoveries of oiled birds and recovery experiments of tagged corpses to estimate the immediate consequences of a major oil spill. Results suggest that mortality of seabirds was far greater than the 7,000 beached birds reported.---T.M. {B502, C912} {ROL #80}

{C902} Douthwaite, R. J. 1992. Use of DDT treatments for tsetse fly control on White-browed Sparrow-Weaver (Plocepasser mahali) populations in NW Zimbabwe. Afr. J. Ecol. 30: 233--244. (Nat. Resour. Inst., Central Ave., Chatham Maritime, ME4 4TB, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C902} Douthwaite, R. J., et al. 1992. DDT residues and mercury levels in Reed Cormorants on Lake Kariba [Zimbabwe]: Hazard Assessment. Ostrich 63: 123--127. (Tsetse Trypanosomiasis Control Br., P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Zimbabwe.)---Phalacrocorax africanus. {ROL #80}

{C902} Evans, S. W., & H. Bouwman. 1993. Levels of DDT in the liver tissue of two duck species from the Pongolo floodplain [South Africa]. Ostrich 64: 46--47. (Dept. Zool., Potchefstroom Univ. C.H.E., Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.)---White-faced Duck (Dendrocygna viduata) and Yellow-billed Duck (Anas undulata). {ROL #80}

{C902} Hartley, R. R., I. Newton, & M. Robertson. 1995. Organochlorine residues and eggshell thinning in the Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus minor in Zimbabwe. Ostrich 66: 69--73. (Zimbabwe Falconers' Club, Falcon Coll., Esigodini, Zimbabwe.) {ROL #80}

{C902} Jenni-Eiermann, S., U. Bühler, & N. Zbinden. 1996. [Mortality of birds of prey associated with the field application of granular carbofuran.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 69--77. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Buteo buteo, Milvus milvus and Milvus migrans were poisoned when they fed on contaminated earthworms in sugar beet and maize fields. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C902} Kairu, J. K. 1996. Heavy metal residues in birds of Lake Nakuru, Kenya. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 397--400. (Dept. Wildl. Manage., Moi Univ., P. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya.)---Pelecanus onocrotalus, Phalacrocorax carbo, Phoeniconaias minor.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{C902} Lee, D. P. 1996. [Relationship of heavy metal level in birds.] Bull. Korean Inst. Ornithol. 5: 59--67. (Dept. Biol., Honam Univ., Kwang Ju 506-090, Korea.)---Correlation between levels in different tissues in individuals of 27 species suggests that levels in feathers can be used to estimate those in internal organs. (Korean, Engl. summary.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C902} Newton, I., et al. 1997. Wildlife and Pollution: 1996/1997 Annual Report. JNCC Rep. 271. (Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Monks Wood, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, Cambs., PE17 2LS, UK.)---Effects of pollution on raptors and seabirds.---DM. {ROL #80}

{C902} Poole, J., et al. 1998. Seabird monitoring on Skomer Island [Scotland] in 1996. JNCC Rep. No. 277. ( K.R. Thompson: Seabirds & Cetaceans Branch, JNCC, Dunnet Ho., 7 Thistle Pl., Aberdeen AB10 1UZ, UK.)---No immediate catastrophic effects of the 1996 Sea Empress oil spill on breeding seabirds.---A.R. {ROL #80}

{C902} Robertson, H. A., et al. 1999. Survival of Brown Kiwi exposed to 1080 poison used for control of Brushtail Possums in Northland, New Zealand. Wildl. Res. 26: 209--214. (Dept. Cons., P.O. Box 10-420, Wellington, New Zealand.)---Results from 35 radio-tagged adult Apteryx mantelli showed no adverse effects.---M.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C902} van Eeden, P. H., & H. J. Schoonbee. 1992. Concentrations of heavy metals in organs and tissues of the Red-knobbed Coot. Ostrich 63: 165--171. (Dept. Zool., Rand Afrikaans Univ., Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa.)---Fulica cristata. {ROL #80}

{C902} van Eeden, P. H., H. J. Schoonbee, & H. H. du Preez. 1996. Metal residues in tissues and food of a juvenile Purple Heron, Ardea purpurea (Ardeidae). Ostrich 67: 67--71. (East Rand Water Care Company (ERWAT), P.O. Box 13106, Norkem Pk., 1631, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C906} Clamens, A., A. Matschke, & J. Argelich-Baro. 1998. [Altitudinal limits for four Mediterranean bird species in Andorra.] Alauda 66: 63--64. (ADN Apartat de correus espanyols 96, Andorra la Vella, Andorra (via France).)---Monticola solitarius, Sylvia undata, Sylvia cantillans, Sylvia hortensis. (French.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{C906} Ens, B. J., J. D. Goss-Custard, & T. P. Weber. 1996. Effects of climate change on bird strategies along the East Atlantic Flyway. IBN Res. Report 96/1. (Inst. For. Nat. Res., Wageningen, The Netherlands.)---Models of population dynamics and migratory behaviour for two representative species, Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus and Knot Calidris canutus.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{C906} Gargett, V., E. Gargett, & D. Damania. 1995. The influence of rainfall on Black Eagle breeding over 31 years in the Matobo Hills, Zimbabwe. Ostrich 66: 114--121. (12 Charles Veale Drive, West Beach SA 5024, Australia.)---Aquila verreauxii. {ROL #80}

{C906} Kaiser, A., & R. Schlenker. 1997. [The effect of an early cold spell in the year 1974 on the stopover behaviour of migrating Reed Warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus at Lake Constance---capture data analysed in retrospect.] Vogelwarte 39: 149--163. (Inst. f. Zool., Abt. V (Oekologie), Univ. Mainz, Saarstr. 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.)---Unusual cold weather period in September 1974 resulted in high mortality of Swallows, Hirundo rustica; Reed Warblers and other long distance migrants stopped over successfully. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{C908} Borralho, R., et al. 1998. Summer distribution of Red-legged Partridges Alectoris rufa in relation to water availability on Mediterranean farmland. Ibis 140: 620--625. (Dept. Engenharia Florestal, Inst. Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1399 Lisboa Codex, Portugal.)---Distribution of groups of birds significantly related to surface water availability, land use and distance to field boundaries.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Brooke, R. K. 1992. The bird community of Tamarix-clad drainages, northwestern karoo, Cape Province. Ostrich 63: 42--43. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {C922} {ROL #80}

{C908} Bruderer, B., & H. Bruderer. 1993. Distribution and habitat preference of Red-backed Shrikes Lanius collurio in southern Africa. Ostrich 64: 141--147. (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) {C304} {ROL #80}

{C908} Burkhardt, J. F., W. Schlund, & M. J. Stauss. 1998. Scale effects of habitat selection in breeding Nuthatches (Sitta europaea) in two different woodlands. J. Ornithol. 139: 37--48. (Univ. Tuebingen, Abt. Verhaltensphysiol., Beim Kufperhammer 8, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany.)---Scale effects of habitat choice depend on habitat quality and heterogeneity.---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Cadiou, B. 1997. [Gulls breeding in urban areas in France.] Alauda 65: 209--227. (SEPNB, BP 32, F-29276 Brest Cedex, France.)---8,000 to 10,000 pairs of Larus argentatus, 700--800 Larus fuscus, about 100 Larus cachinnans and c.30 Larus marinus. Population limiting measures. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C908} Cornish, A. S. 1996. Habitat utilisation by feeding little egrets from a Tsim Bei Tsui egretry [Hong Kong]. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 238--244. (c/o Swire Inst. Marine Sci., Cape D’Aguilar Rd., Shek O, Hong Kong)---Egretta garzetta. {ROL #80}

{C908} Davies, J. M., & M. J. Feltham. 1997. The abundance and distribution of Cormorants on a river fishery in north-west England. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 119--132. (Sch. Biol. & Earth Sci., Liverpool John Moores Univ., Byrom St., Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.)---Activity and distribution of Phalacrocorax carbo related to temperature, wind speed, river flow rate and height.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Díaz, M., J. C. Illera, & J. C. Atienza. 1998. Food resource matching by foraging tits Parus spp. during spring-summer in a Mediterranean mixed forest: evidence for an ideal free distribution. Ibis 140: 654--660. (Dept. Biol. Anim. (Vert), Fac. Biol., Univ. Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.)---Independent exploitation of forest microhabitat by 3 species, affected mainly by food availability and accessibility.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Duncan, P. J., P. I. Webb, & J. M. Palmeirim. 1999. Distribution of New Zealand Robins within a forest mosaic. Emu 99: 222--226. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.)---Petroica australis. {ROL #80}

{C908} Emberley, E. 1998. [Comparative analysis of the ornithological community in orange groves in the countryside of Gibraltar.] Almoraima 19: 95--101. (c/o Mancomunidad de Municipios del campo de Gibraltar, Dept. Cultura, Parque "Las Acacias", 11207 Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.) (Spanish) {ROL #80}

{C908} Fasola, M., & L. Biddau. 1997. An assemblage of wintering waders in coastal Kenya: activity budget and habitat use. Afr. J. Ecol. 35: 339. (Dipto. Biol. Anim., Pz. Botta 9, 27100, Italy.)---Detailed studies of 12 species, whose activities closely follow tidal patterns.---D. E. P. {B308, C926} {ROL #80}

{C908} Henderson, I. G., & D. M. Harper. 1992. Bird distribution and habitat structure on Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Afr. J. Ecol. 30: 223--232. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Leicester LE1 7UH, UK.)---Includes use of introduced Salvinia molesta by birds.---D.E.P. {C922} {ROL #80}

{C908} Herremans, M. 1997. Habitat segregation of male and female Red-backed Shrikes Lanius collurio and Lesser Grey Shrikes Lanius minor in the Kalahari basin, Botswana. J. Avian Biol. 28: 240--248. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Stat. Sci., Univ. of Cape Town, 7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.)---Point transect counts in 19 vegetation types on non-breeding grounds.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Jenkins, A. R. 1994. The influence of habitat on the distribution and abundance of Peregrine and Lanner Falcons in South Africa. Ostrich 65: 281--290. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Falco peregrinus minor, Falco biarmicus biarmicus. {C304} {ROL #80}

{C908} Jenni, L., & F. Widmer. 1996. [Habitat utilization of small birds at the lakeside of Lake Neuchâtel (Switzerland) during the autumn migratory period.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 221--248. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Dense reed beds and forest edges were used by the highest number of species and individuals. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C908} Johnson, D. D. P., & J. S. Mighell. 1999. Dry-season bird diversity in tropical rainforest and surrounding habitats in northeast Australia. Emu 99: 108--120. (Wildl. Conserv. & Res. Unit, Dept. Zool., Univ. Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.)---A quantitative analysis of bird numbers and diversity in 5 habitat types in northeast Queensland found more variation in diversity between sites than between habitats.---W.K.S.{C308, C922} {ROL #80}

{C908} Khoury, F. 1998. Habitat associations and communities of breeding birds in the highlands of south-west Jordan. Zool. Middle E. 16: 35--48. (Zool. Res. Inst. Mus. Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany.)---One distinct community and 3 bird assemblages in different vegetation types.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{C908} Liu, X. Y., et al. 1998. [The structure of breeding bird communities in the secondary forest at Changbai Mountain (China).] Acta Zool. Sinica 44: 11--19. (Inst. Zool., Chinese Acad. Sci., Beijing 100080, China.) (Chinese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C908} Manen, W. van. 1997. [Merlin Falco columbarius roosts in the province of Drenthe {Netherlands}.] Drentse Vogels 10: 8--12. (Groenkampen 123, 9407 RM Assen, Netherlands.)---Roosts restricted to heaths of 1200--1950 ha, each containing 2--4 birds. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} McGoldrick, J. M., & R. M. Nally. 1998. Impact of flowering on bird community dynamics in some central Victorian eucalypt forest. Ecol. Res. 13: 125--139. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Monash Univ., Clayton, Vic. 3168, Australia.)---Influence of dependence on a patchily distributed but highly rewarding resource, such as nectar, on avian population densities and community structure.---H.N. {C924, D106} {ROL #80}

{C908} Monadjem, A. 1996. Habitat associations of birds along the Sabie River, South Africa. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 75--78. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. Swaziland, P/Bag 4 Kwaluseni, Swaziland.) {ROL #80}

{C908} Noorden, B. van. 1997. [Why did the Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria disappear as a breeding bird from The Netherlands?] Limosa 70: 89--96. (Maassingel 144, 5751 VS Deurne, Netherlands.)---Loss of habitat and overgrazing by sheep. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Piersma, T., & A. Koolhaas. 1997. Shorebirds, shellfish(eries) and sediments around Griend, western Wadden Sea, 1988--1996. Netherlands Inst. Sea Res. Rep. 1997-7. (NIOZ, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands.)---Documents changes in abundance of Red Knots Calidris canutus and their mollusc prey. Dredging removes biomass and changes sediment characteristics resulting in long-lasting effects on the intertidal ecosystem.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C908} Rehsteiner, U. 1996. [Abundance and habitat requirements of the Hoopoe Upupa epops in Extremadura (Spain).] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 277--287. (Greithstr. 2, CH-9402 Mörschwil, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C908} Shimada, T. 1998. [Changes of waterbird community in Shinhama area, the back of Tokyo Bay (Japan).] Strix 16: 37--45. (Lab. Nat. Conserv., Fac. Agric., Tokyo Univ. Agric. Technol., 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183, Japan.)---Effects of land use change on bird density. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C908} Sorley, C. G., & D. E. Anderson. 1994. Raptor abundance in south-central Kenya in relation to land-use patterns. Afr. J. Ecol. 32: 30--38. (DEA: U.S. Fish. & Wildl. Serv., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.)---Road counts found 4.27 raptors per km within Nairobi Natl. Pk., but only 0.40 in nearby agricultural areas.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{C908} Summers, R. W., & B. Kalejta-Summers. 1996. Seasonal use of sandflats and saltmarshes by waders at low and high tide at Langebaan Lagoon, South Africa. Ostrich 67: 72--79. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C908} Taborsky, B. 1995. [How do animals use their habitat?---Behavioural studies at the basis of conservation biology.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 287--296. (Konrad Lorenz-Inst. f. Vergleichende Verhaltensforsch., Savoyenstr. 1a, A-1160 Wien, Austria.)---Illustrated with studies on Apteryx australis and Picoides borealis. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C908} Venema, P. 1997. [Habitat choice of Whimbrels Numenius phaeopus in Drenthe {Netherlands}.] Drentse Vogels 10: 19--26. (Poelakkers 1, 9321 EW Peize, Netherlands) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C908} Verstrael, T., & A. J. van Dijk. 1997. [Foxes or grasses? Breeding birds of Dutch coastal dunes since 1984.] Limosa 70: 163--178. (Rijkswaterstaat, P.O. Box 5044, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.)---Changes in passerine trends due to habitat changes, not predation by Vulpes vulpes. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Bauchau, V., H. Horn, & O. Overdijk. 1998. Survival of Spoonbills on Wadden Sea islands. J. Avian Biol. 29: 177--182. (Netherlands Inst. Ecol., PO Box 40, NL-6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands.)---Adult and juvenile survival rates of Platalea leucorodia estimated from observations of two colour-ringed populations in The Netherlands.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Fiske, E., & N. Røv. 1997. Survival rates of Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo carbo) from ring-recovery data. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 159--162. (Inst. Zool., Univ. Trondheim, N-7055 Dragvoll, Norway.)---Maximum likelihood survival model. Commonest causes of death were drowning in fishing nets and shooting.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Harris, M. P., et al. 1997. Factors influencing the survival of adult Puffins Fratercula arctica at a North Sea colony over a 20-year period. J. Avian Biol. 28: 287--295. (ITE, Banchory Res. Stn., Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY, UK.)---Survival rates showed marked, but unexplained differences in Scottish colony over the 20 years. Significant age effect found.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Harris, M. P., S. Wanless, & D. A. Elston. 1998. Age related effects of a nonbreeding event and a winter wreck on the survival of Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis. Ibis 140: 310--314. (ITE., Hill Brathens, Banchory Kincardine, AB31 4BY, UK.)---Overwinter survival reduced from normal 88% to 14.7% in winter 1993--94; young and old birds survived significantly less well and middle-aged individuals significantly better than expected.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Hõrak, P., & J. D. Lebreton. 1998. Survival of adult Great Tits Parus major in relation to sex and habitat; a comparison of urban and rural populations. Ibis 140: 205--209. (Ctr. Ecol. Fonct and Evol, CNRS, 1919 Rt. Mende, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France.)---Survival probabilities between sexes in rural and urban populations.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Ringsby, T. H., B.-E. Sæther, & E. J. Solberg. 1998. Factors affecting juvenile survival in House Sparrow Passer domesticus. J. Avian Biol. 29: 241--247. (Dept. Zool., Norwegian Univ. Sci.& Technol., N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.)---Two-year study of effects of hatching date, clutch number, clutch size, and mass, size and condition of fledgling on probability of survival until recruitment in central Norway.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C910} Sagar, P. M., & D. S. Horning. 1998. Mass-related survival of fledgling Sooty Shearwaters Puffinus griseus at The Snares, New Zealand. Ibis 140: 329--331. (Natl. Inst. Water & Atmospheric Res., PO Box 8602, Christchurch, New Zealand.) {ROL #80}

{C910} Yom-Tov, Y., R. McCleery, & T. Oatley. 1994. The survival rates of some southern African passerines. Ostrich 65: 329--332. (Dept. Zool., Tel Aviv Univ., Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.) {ROL #80}

{C912} Faralli, A., & J. C. Tempier. 1997. [A Goldcrest Regulus regulus in a spider web.] Faune de Provence 18: 110. (Rés. Valvert A1, 20 av. Van Gogh, F-13012 Marseille, France.)---Diadem Spider Araneus diadematus. Probably a unique observation in Europe. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C912} Gaston, A. J. 1997. Mass and date at departure affect the survival of Ancient Murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus chicks after leaving the colony. Ibis 139: 673--678. (Canadian Wildl. Serv., Natl. Wildl. Res. Ctr., 100 Gamelin Blvd., Hull, PQ K1A OH3, Can.) {ROL #80}

{C912} Massemin, S., Y. LeMaho, & Y. Handrich. 1998. Seasonal pattern in age, sex and body condition of Barn Owls Tyto alba killed on motorways. Ibis 140: 70--75. (Ctr. Ecol. and Physiol., CNRS, 23 Rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France.)---Mortality highest during non-breeding season; explained by the synchrony of peak traffic activity, the onset of hunting activity and dispersal of immature birds. No evidence that killed birds were in poorer condition.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C912} Olioso, G. 1997. [The warbler, the falcon and the snake.] Faune de Provence 18: 113. (Le Mail, F-26230 Grignan, France.)---Predation on one nest of Sylvia melanocephala by Falco tinnunculus and Malpolon monspessulanus. (French.)---G.O. {C916} {ROL #80}

{C912} Sauvage, A., et al. 1997. [Mortality of the Sand Martin Riparia riparia as a function of climatic conditions in the Parc National des Oiseaux du Djoudj (Senegal).] Malimbus 19: 57--60. (23 rue J. Moulin, 08090 Aiglemont, France.)---Effect of strong winds during the period 18--25 Jan 1990. Data also on weight and moult of ringed birds. (French, Engl. summ.)---P.W.P.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Aebischer, A., & M. Antoniazza. 1995. [Distribution and population fluctuations of the Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides in Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 445--453. (Zool. Inst., Univ. Fribourg, Bd. Pérolles, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.)---About 90% of the Swiss population estimated at 260--300 pairs occurs at Lake Neuchâtel, where breeding densities are among the highest in Europe. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C914} Allan, D. G. 1994. The abundance and movements of Ludwig's Bustard Neotis ludwigii. Ostrich 65: 95--105. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) (C920} {ROL #80}

{C914} Baptist, H. J. M., et al. 1997. [Numbers of Eider Somateria mollissima in The Netherlands in winter, 1993--97.] Limosa 70: 113--118. (RIKZ, P.O. Box 8039, 4330 EA Middelburg, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Barthelemy, E., & P. Bertrand. 1997. [Census of Little Owl Athene noctua in the Garlaban hills, south-east France.] Faune de Provence 18: 61--66. (7 r. de la fille du puisatier, Eoures, F-13011 Marseille, France.)---32 males, 1 male/km². Chief habitats are suburban areas with gardens and undisturbed hills with low shrubs. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. (C908} {ROL #80}

{C914} Boileau, N., & L. Barbier. 1997. [Breeding of the Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus and census of a population in Pas-de-Calais, north France.] Alauda 65: 343--350. (LPO, BP 263, F-17305 Rochefort, France.)---Mapping; high diversity of the breeding sites; counts of calling males insufficient to estimate the population. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {B716} {ROL #80}

{C914} Braby, R., S. J. Braby, & R. E. Simmons. 1992. 5000 Damara Terns in the northern Namib Desert [Namibia]: a reassessment of world population numbers. Ostrich 63: 133--135. (Min. Wildl. Tourism, Priv. Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Sterna balaenarum. Previous accounts of global numbers were under-estimates.---R.M.W. {C304} {ROL #80}

{C914} Bregnballe, T., & J. Gregersen. 1997. Changes in growth of the breeding population of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis in Denmark. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 31--46. (Natl. Environ. Res. Inst., Dept. Wildl. Ecol. Kalø, Grenåvej 12, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark.)---Reasons for rapid reduction in annual growth rate.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Brown, C. J. 1997. Population dynamics of the Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus in southern Africa. Afr. J. Ecol. 35: 53--63. (Directorate Environ. Affairs, Private Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia.)---Data based on about 204 pairs over 3 years.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{C914} Brugière, D. 1997. [Spectacular increase of the Bee-eater Merops apiaster in Val d'Allier and middle Val de Loire, France.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 205--210. (39 r. Sidi Brahim, F-03200 Vichy, France.)---First breeding in 1989. 239 pairs in 1996. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C914} Busche, G., H. A. Bruns, & P. Todt. 1998. [Increasing numbers of Peregrines (Falco peregrinus) in western Schleswig-Holstein/Germany since 1980.] Vogelwarte 39: 183--189. (Hochfelder Weg 49, D-25746 Heide, Germany.)---Migrants and winter visitors from the increasing Fennoscandian breeding population. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{C914} Cairenius, S. 1997. [Influx of Red-footed Falcons in the autumn of 1996]. Alula 3: 114--117. (c/o Alula, PO Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland) (Finnish, Engl. summ.)---Falco vespertinus in Finland.---E.H. {ROL #80}

{C914} Capregna, F., et al. 1997. The Italian breeding population of Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo). Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 81--87. (Largo Re Umberto 116, I-10128 Torino, Italy)---Population size is nearly 500 pairs; numbers, habitat and breeding success for each colony are given.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Carey, G. J. 1996. Black Kite counts during 1995. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 204--209. (Flat 11D Block 3, Royal Ascot, Fo Tan, Hong Kong.)---Milvus migrans wintering in Hong Kong.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Carr, P. 1998. Expedition report Diego Survey 97, 4--18 August 1997. Sea Swallow 47: 9--22. (Commando Logistic Regiment Royal Marines, RMB Chivenor, Barnstaple, Devon, EX31 1AZ, UK.)---Population estimates and breeding cycles of Sula sula, Anous stolidus, and Gygis alba on Diego Garcia and Anniversary Island, Indian Ocean. Discusses human impacts on seabird colonies in the Chagos Archipelago.---F.M.P. {C328} {ROL #80}

{C914} Clarke, R., et al. 1998. World record count of roosting harriers Circus in Blackbuck National Park, Velvadar, Gujarat, northwest India. Forktail 14: 70--71. (The Hawk and Owl Trust, Zool. Soc. Lond., Regent's Pk., London NW1 4RY, UK.)---Circus pygargus, Circus macrourus, Circus aeruginosus. {C926} {ROL #80}

{C914} Créau, Y., & P. J. Dubois. 1997. [National census of gulls wintering in France, 1996/97.] Ornithos 4: 174--183. (9 allée des Erables, F-76240 Bonsecours.)---15 species (gulls and terns); nearly 1,800,000 birds were recorded, almost double that in 1984. Black-headed Larus ridibundus (1,163,553), Herring Larus argentatus (229,097) and Yellow-legged Larus cachinnans (123,416) were the most abundant. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C914} Crick, H. Q. P., et al. 1998. Breeding birds in the wider countryside: their conservation status (1972--1996). BTO Res. Report 198. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2PU, UK.)---Report of the Integrated Population Monitoring Programme. Details conservation importance, population and breeding productivity trends for 106 species.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{C914} De Swardt, D. H. 1993. Factors affecting the densities of nectarivores in Protea roupellae woodland. Ostrich 64: 172--177. (Dept. Ornithol., Natl. Mus., P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Deceuninck, B., & N. Maillet. 1998. [Duck and coot mid-winter counts in France, 1997.] Ornithos 5: 2--11. (LPO, Corderie Royale, BP 263, F-17305 Rochefort Cedex, France.)---830,022 birds of 21 species. 199,830 Anas platyrhynchos, 175,485 Fulica atra. 4 sites with more 20,000 birds (Camargue 124,441). (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C914} Edula, E. 1998. Population changes of passerines in the surroundings of Viljandi [Estonia] in 1956-1995. Hirundo 11: 12--33. (Malmi 8-24, Viljandi EE2900, Estonia.)---Data for the 38 commonest species.---T.K.T. {C310, C922} {ROL #80}

{C914} Eken, G. 1997. The breeding population of some species of waterbirds at Gediz Delta, western Turkey. Zool. Middle E. 14: 53--68. (Middle East Tech. Univ., Biol. Dept., 06531 Ankara, Turkey.)---Important populations of Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus, Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus, Caspian Tern Sterna caspia, Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis and Common Tern Sterna hirundo.---T.M. {C316} {ROL #80}

{C914} Fernandez, C., P. Azkona, & J. A. Donazar. 1998. Density-dependent effects on productivity in the Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus: the role of interference and habitat heterogeneity. Ibis 140: 64--69. (Soc Estud. Biol. Ugarra, C Tafalla 34 4, Pamplona 31003, Spain.)---Increase in regional density reduced productivity at optimal and suboptimal nest sites.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Fernandez, O. 1997. [Monitoring of the Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea on Frioul Island (Marseille, south-east France). 1996.] Faune et Nature 39: 21--23. (134 r. Jaubert, F-13005 Marseille, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Flöss, I., & F. Nievergelt. 1996. [Number of Grey Wagtails Motacilla cinerea in the Küsnachter Tobel (Canton of Zurich, Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 82--83. (Vordere Augustinergasse 7, CH-8800 Thalwil, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Fujimaki, Y. 1998. [Distribution and abundance of Carrion and Jungle crows in central and south-eastern Hokkaido (Japan).] Strix 16: 47--54. (Lab. Wildl. Ecol., Obihiro Univ. Agric. Vet. Med., Inada, Obihiro 080, Japan.)---Corvus corone and Corvus macrorhynchos. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {C320} {ROL #80}

{C914} Gabuzov, O. S., A. A. Kormilitsin, & E. E. Syroechkovski. 1997. [Canada Goose in Russia.] Casarca 3: 64--83. (K.I. Skryabin Moscow State Acad. Vet. Med. Biotechnol., Moscow, Russia.)---Review of status and the history of introductions of Branta canadensis leucoparea. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Gagina, T. N. 1997. [Current status and numbers of geese and swans in Kemberovo region (Russia).] Casarca 3: 364--368. (Kemerovo Univ., Kemerovo, Russia.) (Russian) {ROL #80}

{C914} Gatter, W. 1998. [Population dynamics of Nuthatch (Sitta europaea) in forests of Baden-Württemberg, SW-Germany.] Vogelwarte 39: 209--216. (Buchsstr. 20, D-73252 Oberlenningen, Germany.)---Analysis of about 460,000 nest records, mainly from boxes. Population was stable from 1930--1950, then increased. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{C914} Geister, I. 1998. [A comparative survey of the Fan-tailed Warbler Cisticola juncidis, Cetti’s Warbler Cettia cetti, and Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus in the Slovene littoral 20 years later.] Acrocephalus 19: 134--142. (Kocjancici 18, SI-6276 Pobegi, Slovenia) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} González, A., D. Barros, & D. Ríos. 1998 [Status and population changes of Crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) in the countryside of Gibraltar.] Almoraima 19: 115--120. (c/o Mancomunidad de Municipios del campo de Gibraltar, Dept. Cultura, Parque "Las Acacias", 11207 Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.) (Spanish) {ROL #80}

{C914} Goss-Custard, J. D., et al. 1998. Locally stable wintering numbers in the oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus where carrying capacity has not been reached. Ibis 140: 104--112. (ITE, Furzebrook Res. Stn., Wareham BH20 5AS, Dorset, UK.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Haller, H. 1996. [The Golden Eagle in the Grisons. Long-term studies on the population ecology of Aquila chrysaetos in the centre of the Alps (Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. Suppl. 9, 167pp. (Schweiz. Nationalpark, CH-7530 Zernez, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Hamidi, S., et al. 1998. [Development of populations of diurnal birds of prey in northeastern Morocco, 1992--1995, Oujda-Jerrada-Berkane.] Porphyrio 9: 13--27. (Lab. d’Hydrobiol. et Ecol. Gen., Faculté des Sciences, Univ. Mohamed Premier, B.P. 524 Oujda, Morocco.) (French) {C316} {ROL #80}

{C914} Harris, M. P. 1996. Isle of May seabird studies in 1996. JNCC Rept. No. 263. (ITE, Hill of Brathens, Banchory Res. Stn., Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY, UK.)---Population size and breeding success for 6 species---T.M. {B110} {ROL #80}

{C914} Hauri, R. 1995. [Changes in the occurrence of the Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina on Lake Thoune, 1989--1994.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 477--480. (Breiten, Forst, CH-3636 Längenbühl, Switzerland.)---Breeding and wintering numbers have increased since 1988. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C914} Herremans, M., & D. Herremans-Tonnoeyr. 1994. Seasonal patterns in abundance of Lilac-breasted Rollers Coracias caudata and Purple Rollers Coracias naevia inferred from roadside counts in eastern and northern Botswana. Ostrich 65: 66--73. (Dept. Wildl. Natl. Pks., P.O. Box 131, Gaborone, Botswana.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Herremans, M., & D. Herremans-Tonnoeyr. 1996. Seasonal pattern of Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus abundance in Botswana. Ostrich 67: 83--84. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Herremans, M., D. Herremans-Tonnoeyr, & W. D. Borello. 1995. Fluctuations in Jameson's Firefinch Lagonosticta rhodopareia numbers in southeastern Botswana: 1991--1994. Ostrich 66: 46--48. (P.O. Box 40210, Gaborone, Botswana.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Herremans, M., et al. 1993. The abundance of European Rollers Coracias garrulus in Botswana and Namibia. Ostrich 64: 93--94. (Dept. Wildl. Natl. Pks., P.O. Box 131, Gaborone, Botswana.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Holker, M. 1997. Number, distribution and conservation of Montagu’s Harrier (Circus pygargus) in North Rhine-Westphalia (FRG) 1993 to 1996. Monitoring Greifvögel Eulen Europas 9: 107--114. (c/o ABU, Teichstr. 19, D-59505 Bad Sassendorf, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {B900, C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Jukema, J. J., & J. B. Hulscher. 1997. [The fowler as measurer of population changes of the Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria.] Limosa 70: 179--190. (Haerdawei 44, 8854 AC Oosterbierum, Netherlands.)---Increase in daily catches since 1950s reflects real population increase in western Palearctic. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Juszczak, K., & B. Olech. 1997. [Numbers and distribution of the Corncrake Crex crex in the open areas of the Kampinoski National Park and its surroundings in 1996--1997.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 197--215. (Instytut Ekologii PAN, Dziekanów Leœny, 05--092 Lomianki, Poland.)---Central Poland. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Kamieniarz, R., & L. Jerzak. 1998. [Numbers of the Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix in the Lower Silesian coniferous forest of Bory Dolnoœl¹skie in 1997.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 91--96. (Stacja Badawcza PZL, Sokolnicza 12, 62--055 Czempiñ, Poland.)---SW Poland, sharp numerical decline. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {B904} {ROL #80}

{C914} Kingsford, R. T., et al. 1999. Waterbird abundance in eastern Australia, 1983--92. Wildl. Res. 26: 351--366. (Biodiv. Surv. Res. Div., NSW Natl. Pks & Wildl. Serv., P.O. Box 1967, Hurstville, NSW 2220, Australia.)---Relationships between abundance and rainfall, annual Southern Oscillation Index, wetland area and hunting were examined using aerial surveys of 16 species of waterbirds in eastern Australia. Numbers have apparently decreased.---M.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Kood, K. A. 1999. An influx of Musk Lorikeets between Newcastle and Ulladulla [Australia] in 1995. Aust. Birds 31(4): 149--151. (7 Eastern Ave., Mangerton, NSW 2500, Australia.)---Glossopsitta concinna. {C308} {ROL #80}

{C914} Lindell, L. 1997. Development of the breeding population of Cormorants in Sweden, 1992--1995. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 23--29. (Swedish Orn. Soc., Sparregatan 13, S-39230 Kalmar, Sweden.)---Nearly half of the Phalacrocorax carbo population of 15,400 pairs nest in 4 colonies. Discusses colony dynamics and effect of control measures.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Lýhmus, A. 1998. Numbers of the Greater Spotted Eagle and the Lesser Spotted Eagle in Estonia. Hirundo 11: 34--42. (Veeriku 8-3, Tartu EE2400, Estonia.)---Data from 1990 onwards for Aquila clanga and Aquila pomarina.---T.K.T. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Maly, L. 1997. [The Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis in France.] Ornithos 4: 122--131. (LPO Lorraine, BP 20042, Le Ban Saint-Martin, F-57056 Metz cedex 02, France.)---A few thousand breeding pairs in north-east France. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Mammen, U., & M. Stubbe. 1997. Monitoring of raptors and owls in Europe: Annual Report 1996. Monitoring Greifvögel Eulen Europas 9: 1--106. (Martin-Luther Univ., Inst. Zool., Domplatz 4, PF 8, D-06099 Halle/Saale, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Maumary, L., M. Baudraz, & T. Guillaume. 1997. [Gull and wader spring migration at the mouth of the Venoge river (lake of Geneva [Switzerland]). Synthesis of 13 years censuses. Recommendations for improving the site.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 125--155. (r. de l'ancienne poste 11, CH-1030 Bussigny, Switzerland.)---34 waders, 1 skua, 11 gulls, 9 terns Daily counts 1984--1996. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {B910, D904} {ROL #80}

{C914} Meininger, P. L., Berrevoets, & R. C. W. Strucker. 1997. Waterfowl in the Zoute Delta 1995/96. Rijksinstituut voor Kust en Zee Report RIKZ-97.001. (RIKZ, Postbus 8039, 4330 EA Middelburg, The Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---Counts for 18 species of waterbirds at an internationally important wetland in The Netherlands.---T.M. {ROL #80}

{C914} Mel'nikov, V. N., & G. M. Sal'nikov. 1998. [Falconiform birds in Ivanovo region (Russia): distribution, numbers and their dynamics.] Ornithologia 28: 100--103. (Dept. Zool. Ivanov State Univ., Lenina Prospect 136, Ivano 135025, Russia.)---Transect counts of 15 species over 15 years. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Mellin, M., et al. 1997. Recent development of the Cormorant breeding population in north-eastern Poland. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 89--95. (Urzad Wojewodzski, Wydz. Ochrony Srodowiska, Al. Pilsudskiego 7/9, 10-959 Olsztyn, Poland)---NE Poland has 7000 pairs of Phalacrocorax carbo, about 80% of the national population. Colony size fluctuates annually, with differences between inland and coastal, old and new sites.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Menke, T. 1997. Development of the Cormorant breeding population in Germany until 1995. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 47--53. (Kehrwieder 6-24143 Kiel, Germany)---Until the 1980s, numbers of Phalacrocorax carbo fluctuated up to 1000 pairs; since then an increase to nearly 15,000 pairs, mainly owing to habitat and species protection.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Mineev, Y. N., & N. Y. Mineev. 1997. Geese numbers and their changes in the Pechora delta and northeastern Malozemelskaya tundra (Russia).] Casarca 3: 347--354. (Inst. Biol., Komi Sci. Ctr., Urals Branch Russian Acad. Sci., Russia.)---Aerial surveys since 1983. No noticeable changes in distribution but breeding numbers have declined significantly in Anser fabalis and Anser albifrons. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Mironov, V. I., & A. A. Chernyshov. 1997. [Swans in Kursk region (Russia).] Casarca 3: 298--299. (Kursk State Pedagogical Univ., Kursk, Russia.)---Brief summary of the status of 3 species. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Morozov, V. V., & N. D. Poyarkov. 1997. [On the wintering grounds of Lesser White-fronted Geese (Anser erythropus) in Azerbaijan.] Casarca 3: 211--214. (Russian Res. Inst. Nat. Prot., Moscow, Russia.)---Counts over last 20 years have declined steadily. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Morozov, V. V., & V. N. Kalyakin. 1997. [Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus) in southern Yamal (Russia): retrospective analysis of population changes.] Casarca 3: 175--191. (Russian Res. Inst. Nat. Prot., Moscow, Russia.)---Population has declined and become patchily distributed since 1993. Defines breeding habitat requirements, but decline is attributed to deterioration of wintering areas. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Neel, L. A., & W. G. Henry. 1996. Shorebirds of the Lahontan Valley, Nevada, USA: a case history of western Great Basin shorebirds. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 15--19. (Nevada Div. Wildl., 380 West B St., Fallon, NV 89406, USA.)---Detailed surveys of Lahontan Valley Wetlands shorebirds from 1949 to present.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{C914} Newton, I., P. Rothery, & L. C. Dale. 1998. Density-dependence in the bird populations of an oak wood over 22 years. Ibis 140: 131--136. (ITE, Monks Wood, Huntingdon PE17 2lS, Cambs., UK.)---Year-to-year fluctuations in 5 species indicate density-dependent feedback; evidence is strong for Wren Troglodytes troglodytes when effects of winter weather are included.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Parkes, M. C., M. L. García, & J. M. Jimenez. 1998 [Post-breeding migration counts of Black Storks (Ciconia nigra) over the Straits of Gibraltar in 1995 and 1996.] Almoraima 19: 75--82. (SEO, Mancomunidad de Municipios del campo de Gibraltar, Dept. Cultura, Parque "Las Acacias", 11207 Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.) (Spanish) {ROL #80}

{C914} Paul, J. P. 1997. [First conclusions on the breeding of Goosander Mergus merganser in the Department of Doubs, France.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 235--240. (ch. des vignes, le Chatelôt, F-25440 Abbans-Dessus, France.)---Number of breeding pairs has increased very slowly. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Pepler, D., et al. 1994. Radionuclide analysis of Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni and the origins of populations overwintering in southern Africa. Ostrich 65: 122--126. (Dept. Nat. Conserv., Fac. For., Univ. Stellenbosch, Priv. Bag X5018, 7599, Stellenbosch, South Africa.) {C304, D900} {ROL #80}

{C914} Poyarkov, N. D., & G. S. Rozanov. 1998. [Materials on the bird fauna of the open landscapes of northern Sakhalin (Russia).] Ornithologia 28: 108--113. (Dept. Vert. Zool. Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Breeding densities of 30 species in 3 major habitat types. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Pugacewicz, E. 1997. [Changes in numbers of birds of prey in the agricultural landscape of the Równina Bielska plain (eastern Poland) in 1983--1996. Notatki Ornitol. 38: 183--196. (Botaniczna 3, 17--200 Hajnówka, Poland.) (Polish, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Rimbert, P. 1997. [First report on breeding population growth of the Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis in Forez palin (Loire, France).] Nos Oiseaux 44: 241--242. (64 Cours Fauriel, F-42100 Saint-Etienne, France.)---8 breeding pairs in 1994, 16 in 1996. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C914} Røv, N. 1997. Population trends and regulation of breeding numbers in the Great Cormorant in Norway. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 5--9. (Norwegian Inst. Nat. Res., Tungasletta 2, N 7005 Trondheim, Norway.)---Phalacrocorax carbo populations are subject to density-dependent factors in the breeding season and density-independent winter mortality.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Samusenko, I., & A. Kozulin. 1997. Population dynamics of Cormorants and key-factors determining expansion in Belarus. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 73--79. (Inst. Zool. Bel. Acad. Sci., ul. F. Skoriny 27, 220072 Minsk, Belarus.)---Increase to over 1000 pairs of Phalacrocorax carbo attributed to abundance of nest sites and availability of fish ponds.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Scarton, F., et al. 1998. Population growth and range expansion of the Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus) breeding in Italy. Vogelwarte 39: 190--195. (Via Tevere 82, I-30173 Mestre (VE), Italy.)---Italian breeding population increased from 20--30 pairs to 63 pairs from 1980--1996.---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{C914} Sellers, R. 1997. Population development of inland breeding Cormorants in Great Britain. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 11--21. (Rose Cottage, Ragnall Ln., Walkley Wood, Nailsworth, Glos., GL6 0RU, UK.)---The population of Phalacrocorax carbo has increased since 1981, with breeding attempted at 35 sites. Inland colonies contain both sinensis and carbo subspecies.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Stój, M., & C. Æwikowski, & K. Waclawek. 1997. [Occurrence of the Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos in the Carpathians in 1993--1996.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 255--272. (Krasiñskiego 53/28, 38--200 Jaslo, Poland.)---Southeast. Poland, nest sites and success. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Sturzinger, A., & A. Barbalat. 1997. [Water bird censuses in Romande Switzerland: November 1994, January 1995, November 1995 and January 1996.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 157--163. (r. des vernes 10, CH-1217 Meyrin, Switzerland.)---(French.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Syroechkovski, E. E. 1997. [Status of the Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) in the continental tundra of Asia.] Casarca 3: 222--251. (Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Russia.)---Comprehensive review from literature, records from hunters and field surveys 1994--1997. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Terrasse, J. F. 1997. [Return of the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus in the Grands Causses, France.] Ornithos 4: 184. (FIR, 11 av. ch‚teau de Malmaison, F-92500 r.il-Malmaison, France.)---Disappeared in the 1950s and returned in 1997. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Thompson, K. R., & P. M. Walsh. 1997. Seabird monitoring on Hirta and Dun, St Kilda, [Scotland] 1987--1996. JNCC Rep. No. 276. (Seabird & Cetaceans Team, JNCC, 7 Thistle Pl., Aberdeen AB10 1UZ, UK.)---The largest UK population of breeding Puffins Fratercula arctica has declined significantly.---A.R. {B904, C310} {ROL #80}

{C914} Todd, F. S., et al. 1999. Observations in some Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colonies in East Antarctica. Emu 99: 142--145. (Ecocepts Internatl., 8958 Kobe Way, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.)---Adults and chicks at 7 colonies were counted during 1992--93, and one colony recounted during 1995--96.---W.K.S. {B106} {ROL #80}

{C914} Ulenaers, P., K. Devos, & J. P. Jacob. 1997. Population development of wintering and breeding Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) in Belgium. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 55--60. (Inst. Nat. Conserv., Kiewitdreef 5, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium.)---Re-establishment of breeding and increase of wintering population to 4000 after legal protection in 1972.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Urcun , J. P., & B. Kabouche. 1997. [Number of Bee-eater Merops apiaster in the south-east of France calculated from trans-pyrenean postnuptial migration and breeding numbers.] Faune de Provence 18: 67--74. (Organbidexka Col Libre, 11 r. Bourgneuf, F-64100 Bayonne, France.)---Breeding numbers in France are estimated between 6,800--7,800 pairs and between 34,000--39,000 individuals after breeding. Counts in Pyrenees are between 5,900--7,500 individuals. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C914} Veit, R. R. 1997. Long-distance dispersal and population growth of the Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus. Ardea 85: 135--143. (Dept. Zool., NJ-15, Univ. Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.)---Numbers recorded in Massachusetts (U.S.A.) during autumn were related to reproductive success at northern and eastern periphery of breeding range.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Venema, P. 1997. [Staging Whimbrels Numenius phaeopus in Drenthe {Netherlands} in 1980-95.] Drentse Vogels 10: 27--36. (Poelakkers 1, 9321 EW Peize, Netherlands.)---Numbers declined owing to shift in foraging and roosting sites. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Vries, Y. de., O. Plantinga, & A. J. van Dijk. 1997. [Trend in the Grey Heron Ardea cinerea in Drenthe {Netherlands} in 1988-96.] Drentse Vogels 10: 3--7. (Zuidlaarderweg 29, 9756 CG Glimmen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Weesie, P. D. M., & U. Belemsobgo. 1997. [Raptor populations in the Nazinga Ranch, Burkina Faso.] Alauda 65: 263--278. (Biol. Ctr., Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Postbus 14, 9750 AA Haren, Netherlands.)---Status of 33 species. Population analysis and comparison with other parks in the region. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C304} {ROL #80}

{C914} Winkel, W., & D. Winkel. 1998. [Long-term increase of the Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) at the western boundary of its Central European range.] Vogelwarte 39: 222--224. (Inst. f. Vogelforschg. " Vogelwarte Helgoland", Aussenstation Braunschweig, Bauernstr. 14, D-38162 Cremlingen-Weddel, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C914} Woodworth, B. L., et al. 1997. A photographic census of flamingos in the Rift Valley lakes of Tanzania. Afr. J. Ecol. 35: 326--334. (Tanzania Wildl. Conserv. Soc., PO Box 3134, Arusha, Tanzania.)---More than 900,000 Phoenicopterus minor and Phoenicopterus ruber.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{C914} Yakimenko, V. V. 1997. [Distribution and numbers of the Whooper Swan, Cygnus cygnus, in Omsk region (Russia).] Casarca 3: 272--279. (Inst. Nat. Foci Infections, Prospekt Mira 7, Omsk 644080, Russia.)---Summary for 1983--1997. 400--450 pairs, at highest density in central and northern forest-steppe. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C914} Yakovlev, A. P. 1997. [Current population status of the Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) in Kirgizia and its preservation.] Casarca 3: 260--270. (Issyk-Kul State Nat. Res., Kirgizia.)---Decline since 1950 attributed to loss of breeding habitat. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Azuma, Y. 1998. [Nest predation of the Japanese White-eye by a Formosan squirrel.] Strix 16: 175--176. (Yokohama Nat. Sanctuary, Wild Bird Soc. Japan, 1562-1 Kamigo-cho, Sakae-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 247, Japan.)---Zosterops japonicus, Callosciurus erythraeus. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Basse, B., J. A. Mclennan, & G. C. Wake. 1999. Analysis of the impact of Stoats, Mustela erminea, on Northern Brown Kiwi, Apteryx mantelli, in New Zealand. Wildl. Res. 26: 227--237. (Math. Stat. Dept., Univ. Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.)---Recruitment levels and conditions for survival were estimated in a kiwi population where immature birds were taken by Stoats. Stoat numbers would need to be reduced by about 80% in some years to maintain kiwi population stability.---M.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Catling, P. C., et al. 1999. The short-term effect of Cane Toads (Bufo marinus) on native fauna in the Gulf Country of the Northern Territory [Australia]. Wildl. Res. 26: 161--185. (CSIRO Wildl. & Ecol., G.P.O. Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.)---A total of 169 species of birds were recorded on four surveys of an area before, during and after invasion by Cane Toads. There was little evidence that the toads impair avian diversity and abundance in the short term.---M.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Csermely, D., L. Berté, & R. Camoni. 1998. Prey killing by Eurasian Kestrels: the role of the foot and the significance of bill and talons. J. Avian Biol. 29: 10--16. (Dipto. Biol. Evol. e Funzionale, Univ. Parma, Viale delle Scienze, I-43100 Parma, Italy.)---Observation study of Falco tinnunculus in captivity complemented by necropsy of prey.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Egan, K., & G. Webb. 1999. Silver Gull attacking fledged Little Tern. Aust. Birds 31(4): 148. (1 Bowman St., Mortdale, NSW 2223, Australia.)---Larus novaehollandiae, Sterna albifrons. {ROL #80}

{C916} Esterhuizen, J. 1995. Booted Eagle catches prey missed by Lanner Falcon. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 63--64. (Free State Raptor Project, P.O. Box 17523, Bainsvlei 9338, South Africa.)---Hieraaetus pennatus and Falco biarmicus. {ROL #80}

{C916} Forsman, J. T., et al. 1998. Aggregate dispersion of birds after encountering a predator: experimental evidence. J. Avian Biol. 29: 44--48. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Oulu, P.O. Box 333, FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland.)---Experimental manipulation of perceived risk of predation by showing stuffed predators and playing warning signals of passerines in the areas to Phylloscopus trochilus, Fringilla coelebs, Carduelis spinus, Erithacus rubecula, Ficedula hypoleuca, Regulus regulus, Parus montanus and Parus major in Finnish forests.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Gregory-Smith, R. 1998. Attempted predation on young Malaysian Plovers Charadrius peronii by sand crabs. Forktail 14: 79. (Inst. Biodiversity Env. Conserv., Univ. Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Hall, L. S. 1996. Predation on the bat Chaerephon plicata by the Black Hornbill Anthracoceros malayanus. Sarawak Mus. J. 50: 173--175. (Mus., Kuching, Sarawak.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Hartley, R., & J. Ogilvie. 1996. Black Eagles preying on Bushbabies in Zimbabwe. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 14--17. (Falcon Coll., Esigodini, Zimbabwe.)---Aquila verreauxii preyed mainly on Otolemur crassicaudatus, Heterohyrax brucei and Philantomba monticola.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Jager, T. 1997. [Goshawk Accipiter gentilis raiding a Kestrel Falco tinnunculus nestbox.] Takkeling 5(1): 69. (Steenwijkerweg 78, 8471 LC Wolvega, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Kopij, G. 1995. Black Eagle Aquila verreauxii predation on Southern Bald Ibis Geronticus calvus nestlings in South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 37. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Orange Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Kranenbarg, S. 1997. [Inland-strayed Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus victim of Goshawk Accipiter gentilis.] Limosa 70: 76--77. (Rubensstraat 10, 6717 VG Ede, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Larsen, T., & S. Grundetjern. 1997. Optimal choice of neighbour: predator protection among tundra birds. J. Avian Biol. 28: 303--308. (Volda College, ALU, PO Box 500, N-6101 Volda, Norway.)---Experimental study within territories of Stercorarius skua, Pluvialis squatarola, Pluvialis fulva and Limosa lapponica on Taimyr peninsula in northern Russia.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Lindenmayer, D. B., M. L. Pope, & R. B. Cunningham. 1999. Roads and nest predation: an experimental study in a modified forest system. Emu 99: 148--152. (Ctr. Resour. & Environ. Studies/Dept Geogr., Aust. Natl. Univ., Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.)---

Studied predation of eggs from artificial nests placed at different distances from roads, and within Radiata Pine, eucalyptus, and remnant woodlands. Results not significant.---W.K.S. {ROL #80}

{C916} Paul, J. P. 1997. [Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus catches Goshawk Accipiter gentilis.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 183. (ch. des vignes, le Chatelôt, F-25440 Abbans-Dessus, France.) (French.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Schüpbach, T. 1996. [Hen harriers Circus cyaneus as prey of foxes Vulpes vulpes?] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 181--184. (Bäumlisacker 5, CH-3033 Wohlen, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Swaddle, J. P., & R. Lockwood. 1998. Morphological adaptations to predation risk in passerines. J. Avian Biol. 29: 172--176. (Dept. Ecol. & Evol., Univ. Chicago, 1101 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.)---Relates wingtip shape (n=26 species) and relative hind limb morphology (n=160 species) with published indices of relative predation risk. Species with rounded wingtips and those with relatively short femora compared to tarsi are at a relatively lower risk.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Ueta, M. 1998. [Crow-related low nesting success of small open-nesting birds in Tokyo area (Japan).] Strix 16: 67--71. (Res. Ctr., Wild Bird Soc. Japan, 2-35-2 Minamidaira, Hino, Tokyo 191-0041, Japan.)---Predation by Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {C918} {ROL #80}

{C916} Vogrin, M. 1997. [Magpie Pica pica preying on passerines.] Acrocephalus 18: 107--110. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C916} Walthew, G. 1997. Cormorant predation of pond fish in Hong Kong. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 181--193. (Dept. Ecol. Biodiversity, Univ. Hong Kong, Hong Kong.)---Fish prey selected by size (average of 9-10 cm), not by species. Significant damage to fish stock unlikely with single-age fish culture.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C916} Whitfield, D. P., et al. 1999. No evidence for Sparrowhawks selecting Redshanks according to size or condition. J. Avian Biol. 30: 31--39. (Scottish Nat. Heritage, Advisory Serv., 2 Anderson Pl., Edinburgh, EH6 5NP, UK)---10 yr. study of Accipiter nisus predation of Tringa totanus in Scotland.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Arnold, T. W. 1999. What limits clutch size in waders? J. Avian Biol. 30: 216--220. (Delta Waterfowl and Wetlands Res. Stn., RP 1, Portage la Prairie, MB R1N 3A1, Can.)---Review shows that clutch enlargement invariably leads to greater rates of nest predation, egg damage, and hatching failure, and that these three costs are sufficient to limit clutch size among most species of waders.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Banfield, G. E. A. 1995. Black Eagle breeding report: Matobo National Park---1994 [Zimbabwe]. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 66. (Breeding Survey Organiser, 49A Lawley Rd., Suburbs, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.)---Aquila verreauxii. {ROL #80}

{C918} Banfield, G. E. A. 1996. Black Eagle breeding report: Matobo National Park---1995 [Zimbabwe]. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 22. (Breeding Survey Organiser, 49A Lawley Rd., Suburbs, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.)---Aquila verreauxii. {ROL #80}

{C918} Cichon, M., P. Olejniczak, & L. Gustafsson. 1998. The effect of body condition on the cost of reproduction in female Collared Flycatchers Ficedula albicollis. Ibis 140: 128--130. (Inst. Environ. Biol., Jagiellonian Univ., IngaRdena 6, Pl-30060 Krakow, Poland.)---Brood size manipulation suggests individuals have different costs of reproduction, dependent on conditional state.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Cobley, N. D., J. P. Croxall, & P. A. Prince. 1998. Individual quality and reproductive performance in the Grey-headed Albatross Diomedea chrysostoma. Ibis 140: 315--322. (British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Rd., Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.)---Consistent higher performance by birds with a previous record of consistent success in years of very different food abundance.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Ferguson, J. W. H. 1994. Do nest site characteristics affect the breeding success of Red Bishops Euplectes orix? Ostrich 65: 274--280. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Pretoria Univ., Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.) {B716} {ROL #80}

{C918} Fernandez, O. 1997. [Report on the ringing of Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea on Frioul Island (Marseille, south-east France) in 1997.] Bull. Assoc. Sauvegarde Puffins Iles de Marseille 1997: 45--49. (134 r. Jaubert, F-13005 Marseille, France.)---Of 49 nests, 21 fledged young. Four birds ringed in 1981 retrapped. (French.)---G.O. {C920} {ROL #80}

{C918} Gebhardt-Henrich, S. G., et al. 1998. Does loss of mass during breeding correlate with reproductive success?---A study on Blue Tits Parus caeruleus. Ibis 140: 210--213. (Univ. Bern, Stn Hasli, Inst. Zool., Wohlenstr. 50a, Ch-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.)---Inverse correlation between loss of body mass and reproductive success suggests a cost of reproduction related to female quality.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Graveland, J. J. 1997. [Density and nesting success of Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus and Sedge Warbler A. schoenobaenus in cut and uncut reed.] Limosa 70: 151--162. (IBN-DLO, P.O. Box 23, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C918} Hall, D. 1995. Twenty-three years of breeding records at a Wahlberg's Eagle nest site in Nelspruit District, South Africa. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 58--62. (P.O. Box 8, Mataffin 1205, South Africa.)---Change of mate and breeding success of Aquila wahlbergi.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Harris, M. P., & S. Wanless. 1997. Breeding success, diet and brood neglect in the kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) over an 11-year period. ICES J. Marine Sci. 54: 615--623. (ITE, Hill of Brathens, Banchory, AB31 4BY, Scotland, UK.)---Evidence of long term decline in breeding success. Importance of sand eels and competition with local fisheries.---W.J.D. {ROL #80}

{C918} Manen, W. van. 1997. [Abominable breeding success of Common Buzzards Buteo buteo in the forest of Nunspeet {Netherlands} in 1997.] Takkeling 5(3): 44--46. (Groenkampen 123, 9407 RM Assen, Netherlands.)---Caused by food shortage. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Reinhardt, K. 1997. Breeding success of southern hemisphere skuas Catharacta spp.: the influence of latitude. Ardea 85: 73--82. (Friedrich Schiller Univ., Inst. Ecol., Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{C918} Tarboton, W. R. 1992. Variability in African Jacana eggs and clutches. Ostrich 63: 158--164. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Witwatersrand, 2001, Johannesburg, South Africa.)---Actophilornis africana. {B710} {ROL #80}

{C918} Uryadova, L. P. 1998. [Breeding success in some finches (Fringillidae).] Ornithologia 28: 192--198. (Dept. Zool., Pskov Pedagogic Inst., Soviet St. 21, Pskov 180000, Russia.)---Fledging success is density-dependent in Chaffinches, Fringilla coelebs, but in Linnets, Acanthis cannabina, only in some habitats. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C918} Vogeley, W. 1996. [Reproduction of a population of Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos in the Central Appennine/Italy.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 35--45. (Galgenberg 63, D-34346 Hann Münden, Germany.)---Density and breeding success were very low, the number of non-breeding pairs high. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C918} Wiebe, K. L., & K. Martin. 1998. Age-specific patterns of reproduction in White-tailed and Willow ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus and lagopus. Ibis 140: 14--24. (Univ. British Columbia, Dept. Forens Sci., 2357 Main Hall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Can.)---Longitudinal and cross-sectional data show significant age effects in 7 out of 8 life-history and behavioural traits. Supports the constraint hypothesis of reproductive performance.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C920} Crawford, R. J. M., B. M. Dyer, & R. K. Brooke. 1994. Breeding nomadism in southern African seabirds---constraints, causes and conservation. Ostrich 65: 231--246. (Sea Fish. Res. Inst., Priv Bag X2, Rogge Bay, 8012, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C920} Herremans, M., D. Herremans-Tonnoeyr, & W. D. Borello. 1995. Non-breeding site-fidelity of Red-backed Shrikes Lanius collurio in Botswana. Ostrich 66: 145--147. (c/o P.O. Box 40210, Gaborone, Botswana.) {ROL #80}

{C920} Klages, N. T. W. 1994. Dispersal and site fidelity of Cape Gannets Morus capensis. Ostrich 65: 218--224. (Port Elizabeth Mus., P.O. Box 13147, Humewood, 6013, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C920} Leuzinger, H. 1996. [Winter site fidelity of a leucistic Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 179--180. (Bahnhofstr. 6, CH-8353 Elgg, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C920} Mogstad, D. K., & N. Røv. 1997. Movements of Norwegian Great Cormorants. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 145--151. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Trondheim, N-7055 Dragvoll, Norway.)---Phalacrocorax carbo; most birds move 400-800 km, but uncertain whether dispersal or true migration is involved.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C920} Morton, M. L. 1997. Natal and breeding dispersal in the Mountain White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha. Ardea 85: 145--154. (Occidental Coll., Dept. Biol., Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA.)---Dispersal probably related to use of small, scattered meadows for breeding.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C920} Oro, D., & A. Martinez. 1994. Migration and dispersal of Audouin’s Gull Larus audouinii from the Ebro Delta colony [Spain]. Ostrich 65: 225--230. (Dept. Biol. Anim. Vertebrats, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.) {D904} {ROL #80}

{C920} Schifter, H. 1994. Dispersal and nomadism in mousebirds (Coliidae). Ostrich 65: 74--78. (Naturist. Mus. Wien., Erste Zool. Abt., Vogelsammlung, Postfach 417, A-1014, Wien, Austria.)---Mousebirds not strictly sedentary.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{C920} Tomkovich, P. S., & M. Yu. Soloviev. 1994. Site fidelity in high arctic breeding waders. Ostrich 65: 174--180. (Zool. Mus. Moscow State Univ., Herzen Str. 6, Moscow, 103009, Russia.) {ROL #80}

{C920} Walls, S. S., & R. E. Kenward. 1998. Movements of radio-tagged Buzzards Buteo buteo in early life. Ibis 140: 561--568. (Biotrack, 52 Furzebrook Rd., Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AX, UK.)---Natal dispersal assessed by tracking 146 fledglings for up to 4 years.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Bernet, D. 1997. [Breeding bird community of a prealpine managed forest---an ecological study as a contribution to the decision on future forest management in difficult areas.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 233--256. (Sonnegg, CH-6156 Luthern-Dorf, Switzerland.)---Presents data on breeding densities of 30 species. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{C922} Buenestado Malfeito, F. 1998 [The bird community of the high Hozgarganta basin (Spain).] Almoraima 19: 271--276. (Dept. Biol. Anim., Sec. Zool., Univ. Córdoba, Spain.)---Species richness and diversity of 4 different biotopes. (Spanish, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Busche, G. 1998. [Seasonal changes in bird communities of cultivated wetlands in Schleswig-Holstein/Germany.] J. Ornithol. 139: 11--19. (Hochfelder Weg 49, D-25746 Heide, Germany.)---92 species; 28% breeding species, 72% non-breeding species. Breeders and non-breeders exchange almost completely once a year. (German, Engl. summ.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Christen, W. 1997. [Changes in the breeding bird community of a young-growth woodland between 1982 and 1996.] Ornithol. Beob. 94: 31--37. (Langendorfstr. 42, CH-4500 Solothurn, Switzerland.)---Phylloscopus trochilus, Emberiza citrinella, Parus cristatus, Prunella modularis, Sylvia borin, Sylvia atricapilla, Phylloscopus collybita, Columba palumbus, Erithacus rubecula, Turdus merula, Regulus regulus and others. (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{C922} Cotton, P. A. 1998. Temporal partitioning of a floral resource by territorial hummingbirds. Ibis 140: 647--653. (EGI, Dept. Zool., Oxford Univ., Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.)---Interactions of 4 species defending the same territory show that hummingbirds defend territories of the smallest economic size. Defence occurs when economically viable; the outcome of interactions depends on relative size of competing species and territory value.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Cotton, P. A. 1998. The hummingbird community of a lowland Amazonian rainforest. Ibis 140: 512--521. (Edward Grey Inst., Dept. Zool., S. Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.)---Structure and organisation of 16 hummingbird species in the Amacayacu National Park, Amazonas, Colombia.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Dowsett-Lemaire, F. 1996. Avian frugivore assemblages at three small-fruited tree species in the forests of northern Congo. Ostrich 67: 88--89. (Rue de Bois de Breux 194, B-4020, Jupille, Liége, Belgium.) {ROL #80}

{C922} Halley, D. J., & J. O. Gjershaug. 1998. Inter- and intra-specific dominance relationships and feeding behaviour of Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos and Sea Eagles Haliaeetus albicilla at carcasses. Ibis 140: 295--301. (Norwegian Inst. Nat. Res., Tungasletta 2, N-7005 Trondheim, Norway.)---Golden Eagles are strongly dominant over Sea Eagles, suggesting interspecific competition may be an important factor in the re-introduction of Sea Eagles in Scotland, where carrion is an important component of diet.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Hino, T. 1998. Mutualistic and commensal organization of avian mixed-species foraging flocks in a forest of western Madagascar. J. Avian Biol. 29: 17--24. (For. & For. Products Res. Inst., Kansai Res. Ctr., Momoyama, Fushimi, Kyoto 612, Japan.)---Study of foraging niches and feeding rates of Dicrurus forficatus, Newtonia brunneicauda, Terpsiphone mutata, Schetba rufa, Cyanolanius madagascarinus, Phyllastrephus madagascariensis and Coracina cinerea when foraging alone or with conspecifics, or in heterospecific flocks.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Hirano, T., & S. Koike. 1998. [Changes of breeding avifauna at Senjo plain in Nikko, central Japan.] Strix 16: 25--35. (2-3-15 Yoshino, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0838, Japan.)---4-year census, compared with results from 20 years ago. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {C914} {ROL #80}

{C922} Kossenko, S. M., & C. H. Fry. 1998. Competition and coexistence of the European Bee-eater Merops apiaster and the Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus in Asia. Ibis 140: 3--13. (Nat Res. Bryanski Les, Stn. Nerussa, Suzemski Rayon, Bryanskaya Oblast, 242180 Russia.)---Intraspecific conflict is frequent but interspecific conflict rare in mixed colonies; differences in diet preferences less marked when both species forage together. Competition for food may be traded off with increased breeding success in mixed colonies.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Lesiñski, G. 1997. [Birds in rural habitats of Warsaw outskirts.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 223--228. (Instytut Ekologii PAN, Dziekanów Leœny, 05--092 Lomianki, Poland.)---Breeding assemblages, one year. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{C922} Nour, N., et al. 1997. Does the dominant Nuthatch Sitta europaea affect the foraging behaviour of the subordinate Treecreeper Certhia brachydactyla in small forest fragments? Ardea 85: 259--268. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Antwerp (UIA), B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.)---Winter foraging niches of small insectivores not necessarily expanding in absence of close competitors in island-like situations.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Nuttall, R. J. 1993. Seasonal changes in the birdlife of a peri-urban grassland community. Ostrich 64: 1--7. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Natal, P.O. Box 375, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{C922} Olmos, F. 1997. Seabirds attending bottom long-line fishing off southeastern Brazil. Ibis 139: 685--691. (Seo Anim. Silvestres, Inst. Florestal, C.P. 1322, São Paulo, SP, 01059-970 Brazil.)---Greater diversity during the summer (16 species); flock sizes larger in winter.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C922} Wysocki, D. 1997. [Breeding bird communities of the Pomeranian beech woods near Szczecin in 1993--1996.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 273--290. (Katedra Zoologii Krêgowców i Etologii Uniwersytetu Szczeciñskiego, W_ska 13, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland.)---W. Poland, superabundance of holes. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{C926} Arroyo, B. E., J. R. King, & L. E. Palomares. 1995. Observations on the ecology of Montagu's Harriers wintering in north-west Senegal. Ostrich 66: 37--40. (Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology, Dept. Zool., South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.)---Circus pygargus and Circus aeruginosus. {ROL #80}

{C926} Buchheim, A. 1997. Temporal limits of overwintering in migratory Cormorants and the influence of frost-periods on wintering individuals. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 111--118. (Wagnerstr. 22-45711 Datteln, Germany)---High roost site fidelity of Phalacrocorax carbo from mid-November to mid-January. During frosts, individuals move from primary to secondary night roosts.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C926} de Leeuw, J. J., M. R. van Eerden, & G. H. Visser. 1999. Wintering Tufted Ducks Aythya fuligula diving for zebra mussels Dreissena polymorpha balance feeding costs within narrow margins of their energy budget. J. Avian Biol. 30: 182--192. (Fish Culture and Fish. Group, Wageningen Agric. Univ., P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.)---Results of experimental study in outdoor cages imply that food availability and water temperature are important attributes to winter distribution of diving ducks.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{C926} Dronneau, C. 1998. [Wintering of Bean Goose Anser fabalis in Alsace.] Alauda 66: 25--38. (19 r. des lentilles, F-67300 Schiltigheim, France.)---Main wintering area in France. Phenology and quantitative importance, spatial partition, characteristics of roost and feeding grounds. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{C926} Kabouche, B., & L. Brun. 1997. [Wintering of the Red Kite Milvus milvus in Provence (France), 1985-1997.] Faune de Provence 18: 89--91. (65 r. St Savournin, F-13005 Marseille, France.) (French.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{C926} Kang, H.-Y., & S.-R. Cho. 1996. [Wintering ecology of the Baikal Teal Anas formosa and carrying capacity of their habitats]. Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 33--41. (Dept. Biol., Kongju Natl. Univ., Korea.)---Estimates area of rice paddies required to sustain a population of 60,000 individuals (Korean, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{C926} Kim, W.-B., H.-S. Oh & H.-S. Park. 1996. The fluctuation of individuals and activity patterns of Anas species wintering on Cheju-Island [Korea]. Korean J. Ornithol. 3: 21--31. (Cheju Folklore and Nat. Hist. Mus., Cheju City 690-021, Korea.)---Monthly census of 6 species over 2 winters.---B.M. {C320, C914} {ROL #80}

{C926} Lebedeva, N. V., P. Tsempulik, & Y. Betleya. 1998. [Behaviour of the Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) on the wintering grounds.] Ornithologia 28: 38--45. (Dept. Ecol. Rostov State Univ., B. Sadovaya St., 105, Rostov 344006, Russia.)---Feeding and flocking behaviour. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C926} Manen, W. van. 1997. [Great Spotted Woodpeckers Dendrocopos major in Drenthe's {Netherlands} larches in late winter 1996/97.] Drentse Vogels 10: 66--70. (Groenkampen 123, 9407 RM Assen, Netherlands.)---Habitat choice and feeding ecology of non-territorial birds. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{C926} Oka, T., & M. Nakamura. 1998. [Avifauna on the campus of Joetsu University of Education (Japan) during the non-breeding season: effect of snow on bird community in an area of heavy snowfall.] Strix 16: 55--66. (Lab. Anim. Ecol., Dept. Biol. Joetsu Univ. Educ., 1 Yamayashiki-machi, Joetsu-shi, Niigata 943-8512, Japan.)---Census data for 67 species over 6 winters. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {C906} {ROL #80}

{C926} Orsini, P., & J. G. Robillard. 1997. [Wintering of Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica in the Department of Var, south-east France.] Faune de Provence 18: 43--46. (Mus. Hist. Nat., 113 bd Maréchal Leclerc, 83000 Toulon, France.)---The most important wintering site on the French Mediterranean coast; about 20 birds. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {C310} {ROL #80}

{C926} Pyzhyanov, S. V., & I. V. Fefelov. 1997. [On the wintering sites of birds breeding in the Baikal region (Russia).] Casarca 3: 360--363. (Res. Inst. Biol., Irkutsk State Univ., Irkutsk, Russia.)---No ringing recoveries of ducks from wintering sites. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C926} Ruggieri, L. 1997. [Regular wintering of Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) in an alpine area (Aosta Valley, Italy).] Riv. Piemont. St. Nat. 18: 249--254. (Via Valle Quiete 54-10099 San Mauro Torinese (TO), Italy.)---Since 1994. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{C926} Tkachenko, E. E. 1997. [The Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus) wintering on the west coast of the Caspian Sea.] Casarca 3: 198--210. (State Nat. Res. "Daursky", Chita Region, Russia.)---Historical survey since 1930. Since 1979, habitat loss, including that by rising sea levels has virtually eliminated the wintering grounds in Azerbaijan. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D100} Wright, J. 1999. Altruism as a signal---Zahavi’s alternative to kin selection and reciprocity. J. Avian Biol. 30: 108--115. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D100} Zahavi, A. 1999. Babbler altruism and kin selection---a reply to Jon. J. Avian Biol. 30: 115. (Inst. Nat. Conservation Res., Tel-Aviv Univ., Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel)---Reply to J. Avian Biol. 30: 108--115.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D103} Andersson, M. 1999. Phylogeny, behaviour, plumage evolution and neoteny in skuas Stercorariidae. J. Avian Biol. 30: 205--215. (Dept. Zoology, Göteborg Univ., Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.)---Cladistic analysis shows that Stercorarius pomarinus is more closely related to Catharacta spp. than to the two smaller Stercorarius species. A likely phylogeny is suggested and used to trace the evolution of plumage colouration and other traits in skuas.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D103} Bourne, W. R. P. 1998. Problems with the reclassification of the petrels and gulls. Sea Swallow 47: 57--60. (Dept. of Zool., Aberdeen Univ., Aberdeen, AB9 2TN, Scotland, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D103} Murray, P. F., & D. Megirian. 1998. The skull of dromornithid birds: anatomical evidence for their relationship to Anseriformes. Rec. S.A. Museum 31: 51--97. (DM: Mus. & Art Galleries NT, P.O. Box 2109, Alice Springs, NT 0871, Australia.) {E306} {ROL #80}

{D103} Pasquet, E. 1998. Phylogeny of the nuthatches of the Sitta canadensis group and its evolutionary and biogeographic implications. Ibis 140: 150--156. (Mus. Natl. Hist Nat., Lab. Zool. Mamm. and Oiseaux, 55 Rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France.)---Molecular data suggest monophyly, convergent with morphology.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D103} Roy, M. S., J. C. Torres-Mura, & F. Hertel. 1998. Evolution and history of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) from the Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile. Ibis 140: 265--273. (Ctr. Trop. Biodiversity, Univ. Copenhagen, Univ. Pk 15, Dk-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.)---Molecular data suggest that the endangered endemic Juan Fernandez Firecrown Sephanoides fernandensis and the more widely distributed Green-backed Firecrown Sephanoides sephanoides are sister taxa, with the former evolving in situ. Competition may be inhibiting recovery of the fernandensis population.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D105} Blackburn, T. M., K. J. Gaston, & J. H. Lawton. 1998. Patterns in the geographic ranges of the world's woodpeckers. Ibis 140: 626--638. (NERC Ctr. Popul. Biol., Imperial Coll. Silwood Pk., Ascot, Berks. SL5 7PY, UK.)---Range size varies between species within genera; ranges overlap less between species of similar body size.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D106) Wooller, R. D., & S. J. Wooller. 1998. Consistent individuality in the timing and magnitude of flowering by Adenanthos obovatus (Proteaceae). Aust. J. Bot. 46: 595--608. (Biol. Sci., Murdoch Univ., Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.)---Feeding behavior of Western Spinebill Acanthorhynchus superciliosus and its role in pollination.---M.G.B. {D302} {ROL #80}

{D106} Burrows, C. J. 1996. Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Alectryon excelsus, Corynocarpus laevigatus, and Kunzea ericoides. NZ J. Bot. 34: 489--498. (Dept. Plant & Microb. Sci., Univ. Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.)---Passing reference to several birds that eat the fruit/seeds of plants described.---H.D.P. {D302} {ROL #80}

{D106} Burrows, C. J. 1996. Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Ascarina lucida, Coprosma grandifolia, Melicytus lanceolatus, and Solanum laciniatum. NZ J. Bot. 34: 509--515. (Dept. Plant & Microb. Sci., Univ. Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.)---Passing reference to several birds that eat the fruit/seeds of plants described.---H.D.P. {D302} {ROL #80}

{D106} Burrows, C. J. 1996. Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Coprosma foetidissima, Freycinetia baueriana, Hoheria angustifolia, and Myrsine australis. NZ J. Bot. 34: 499--508. (Dept. Plant & Microb. Sci., Univ. Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.)---Passing reference to several birds that eat the fruit/seeds of plants described.---H.D.P. {D302} {ROL #80}

{D106} Burrows, C. J. 1999. Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Beilschmiedia tawa, Dysoxylum spectabile, Griselina lucida, and Weinmannia racemosa. NZ J. Bot. 37: 95--105. (Dept. Plant & Microb. Sci., Univ. Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.)---Passing reference to several birds, Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae, Callaeas cinerea, Anthornis melanura, Prosthemandera novaeseelandiae, Zosterops lateralis, Turdus merula, that eat the fruit/seeds of plants described.---H.D.P. {D302} {ROL #80}

{D106} Cotton, P. A. 1998. Coevolution in an Amazonian hummingbird-plant community. Ibis 140: 639--646. (EGI, Dept. Zool., Oxford Univ., Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.)---Tests distributions of plant and hummingbird traits against null models. Little evidence for pair-wise evolution; the community appears to have evolved to produce guilds of hummingbirds and plants.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D106} Galetti, M., & K. McConkey. 1998. Black Hornbill Anthracoceros malayanus following Gibbons in central Borneo. Ibis 140: 686--687. (Wildl. Res. Group, Dept. Anat., Univ. Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK.)---To capture disturbed insects.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D106} Hukui, N., & K. Ueda. 1999. Seed dispersal of Chinese Tallow-tree Sapium seblferum by birds. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 121--124. (Oyodo Kako Co. Ltd., Nikko-cho 3-12, Moriguchi, 570-0092, Japan.)---Corvus corone, Corvus macrorhynchos, Sturnus cineraceus, Hypsipetes amaurotis, Passer montanus, Parus major, Carduelis sinica. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D106} Koenig, W. D. 1994. Two new bird-mammal associations from Kenya with comments on host use by Wattled Starlings. Ostrich 65: 337--338. (Hastings Reservation, Univ. California, 38601 E. Carmel Valley Rd., Carmel Valley, CA 93924, USA.)---Wattled Starling, Creatophora cinerea. Two new interactions involve Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris with common waterbuck and Greater Blue-eared Starling Lamprotornis chalybaeus with Cape buffalo, blue wildebeest and zebra.---R.M.W. {D306} {ROL #80}

{D106} Ladley, J. J., D. Kelly, & A. W. Robertson. 1997. Explosive flowering, nectar production, breeding systems, and pollinators of New Zealand mistletoes (Loranthaceae). NZ J. Bot. 35: 345--360. (DK: Dept. Plant & Microb. Sci., Univ. Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.)---Four of six New Zealand loranthaceous mistletoes are bird-pollinated, mainly by Tui Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae and Bellbird Anthornis melanura.---H.D.P. {D302} {ROL #80}

{D106} Mooring, M. S., & P. J. Mundy. 1996. Factors influencing host selection by yellow-billed oxpeckers at Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 177--188. (Dept. Anat. Physiol. Cell Biol., Univ. Calif., Davis, CA 95616, USA.)---Oxpeckers Buphagus africanus select for larger hosts that support higher densities of ticks.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{D106} Mooring, M. S. 1996. Interactions between impala and oxpeckers at Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 54--65. (Dept. Anat. Physiol. Cell Biol., Univ. Calif., Davis, CA 95616, USA.)---Impalas with Yellow-billed Oxpeckers (Buphagus africanus) groom far less frequently than those without, thereby greatly reducing the cost of tick control.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{D106} Mundy, P. J., & G. Haynes. 1996. Oxpeckers and elephants. Ostrich 67: 85--87. (Dept. Natl. Pks., Box 2283, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.)---Oxpecker Buphagus spp., African elephant Loxodonta africana. An extremely rare association, with only eight incidences recorded.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D106} Rehsteiner, U. 1995. [Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor and Stoat Mustela erminea: inquisitiveness or possible kleptoparasitism?] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 81--85. (Greithstr. 2, CH-9402 Mörschwil, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D108} Leonovich, V. V. 1998. [Biological peculiarities of two geographic races of the Chiffchaff---Phylloscopus collybita caucasicus Loscot and Phylloscopus collybita abietinus Nilsson (about a possibility to use bird voices in systematics).] Ornithologia 28: 168--171. (1st Khutorskoi St. 2-15, Moscow 103287, Russia.)---Caucasicus has one-syllable calls and differs in nest positioning and egg color. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D108} Pasquet, E., & J. C. Thibault. 1997. Genetic differences among mainland and insular forms of the Citril Finch Serinus citrinella. Ibis 139: 679--684. (Lab. Zool., Mammiféres & Oiseaux, Mus. Natl. Hist Nat., 55 r. Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France.)---Suggest one polytypic species with 2 distinct forms.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D108} Thibault, J. C., & V. Bretagnolle. 1998. A Mediterranean breeding colony of Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea in which individuals show behavioural and biometric characters of the Atlantic subspecies. Ibis 140: 523--528. (Parc Nat. Régionnal Corse, BP 417, Ajaccio, 20184 Corsica, France.) {ROL #80}

{D108} Vogrin, M. 1998. [Complex of the Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava (sub)species in Slovenia.] Falco 13-14: 67--70. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D110} Lambert, F. R. 1998. A new species of Gymnocrex from the Talaud Islands, Indonesia. Forktail 13: 1--6. (Birdlife Internatl., Indonesia Program, P.O. Box 310/Boo, Bogor 16003, Indonesia.)---Describes and illustrates a new rail, Gymnocrex talaudensis.---I.C.R. {C328} {ROL #80}

{D110} Maijer, S., & J. Fjeldsa. 1997. Description of a new Cranioleuca spinetail from Bolivia and a "leapfrog pattern" of geographic variation in the genus. Ibis 139: 607--616. (Ter Meulenplantsoen 20, 7524 CA Enschede, Holland.)---Bolivian Spinetail, Cranioleuca henricae. {ROL #80}

{D110} Payne, R. B. 1998. A new species of firefinch Lagonosticta from northern Nigeria and its association with the Jos Plateau Indigobird Vidua maryae. Ibis 140: 369--381. (Museum Zool. and Dept. Biol., Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.)---Rock Firefinch, Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis. Discovered via song mimicry by Indigobird, with which it appears to have a unique association. Holotype description, vocalisations, habitat, and colour photographs.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D110} Ryan, P. G., et al. 1998. Barlow's Lark: a new species in the Karoo Lark Certhilauda albescens complex of southwest Africa. Ibis 140: 605--619. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa.)---DNA data suggest complex split into 3 species. Details of plumage, morphological, molecular and vocal differences.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D114} Alstrom, P. 1998. Taxonomy of the Mirafra complex. Forktail 13: 97--107. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Goteborg, Medicinaregatan 18, 41390 Goteborg, Sweden.)---Four taxa recognized in the Mirafra assamica complex, differing in morphology and vocalizations.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D114} Anon. 1997 Are common bird name changes necessary? Buceros 2(1): 1--5. (ENVIS Cent., Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., Hornbill Ho., Salim Ali Chowk, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Rd., Mumbai 400023, India.) {ROL #80}

{D114} Anon. 1997. Common name changes of the birds of the Indian subcontinent. Buceros 2(4): 1--79. (ENVIS Cent., Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., Hornbill Ho., Salim Ali Chowk, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Rd., Mumbai 400023, India.)---Tabulates all recent and proposed name changes for ratification by the IOC---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D114} Clark, W. S. 1996. The validity of Archer's Buzzard as a species. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 11--13. (7800 Dassett Court, Apt 101, Annadale, VA 22003, USA.)---Reviews taxonomic status of Buteo augur archeri.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D114} Jackson, H. D. 1993. The English names of the Afrotropical nightjars (Caprimulgidae). Ostrich 64: 148--159. (1/29 Howard Rd., Northcote, Auckland 1309, New Zealand.) {ROL #80}

{D114} Leisler, B., P. Heidrich, K. Schulze-Hagen, & M. Wink. 1997. Taxonomy and phylogeny of reed warblers (genus Acrocephalus) based on mtDNA sequences and morphology. J. Ornithol. 138: 469--496. (Max-Planck-Inst. f. Verhaltensphysiol., Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.)---Acrocephalus is split into four genera: Acrocephalus for the large, Calamodus for the striped, Notocichla for the small plain, and Iduna for the brownish ‘Hippolais’ species.---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{D114} Mlikovsky, J. 1998. Generic name of southern snowfinches. Forktail 14: 85. (Vrsovicka 11, CZ-100 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic.)---Montifringilla or Pyrgilauda?---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D114} Munteanu, D. 1997. [Etymology of the scientific names of Romanian birds.] Publ. Soc. Ornitol. Romane 5. (Societatea Ornitologica Romana, str. Gh. Dima 49/2, 3400, Cluj Napoca, Romania.) (Romanian.) {ROL #80}

{D114} Walters, M. 1998. What is Psittacus borneus Linneaus? Forktail 13: 124--125. (Bird Gp., Nat. Hist. Mus., Tring, Herts HP23 6AP, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D300} Dinesen, L. 1995. Seasonal variation in feeding ecology of Shelley’s Greenbul in subtropical evergreen forests. Afr. J. Ecol. 33: 420--425. (Zool. Mus., Univ. Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.)---Andropadus masukuensis in Tanzania.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{D300} Doherty, D., & K. McCarthy. 1997. The population dynamics, foraging activities and diet of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis L.) in the vicinity of an Irish hydroelectricity generating station. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 133--143. (Zool. Dept., Univ. College Galway, Galway, Ireland)---Opportunistic feeding on turbine-damaged fish.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D300} Ntiamoa-Baidu, Y., et al. 1998. Water depth selection, daily feeding routines and diets of waterbirds in coastal lagoons in Ghana. Ibis 140: 89--103. (Univ. Ghana, Dept. Zool., PO Box 67, Legon, Accra, Ghana.)---Data from 36 species show that water depth is the key factor controlling food availability and hence feeding habits.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D300} Oro, D., et al. 1997. Diet and adult time budgets of Audouin's gull Larus audouinii in response to changes in commercial fisheries. Ibis 139: 631--637. (Ctr. Ecol. Fonctionnelle Evol., CNRS, 1919 Rt. de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.)---Dependent on commercial fishery activity.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Al-Melhim, W. N., et al. 1997. On the diet of the Little Owl, Athene noctua, in the Safawi area, eastern Jordan. Zool. Middle E. 15: 19--28. (Dept. Biol., Jordan Univ. Sci. Technol., P.O. Box 330, Irbid, Jordan.)---Pellet analysis suggests diurnal hunting.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{D302} Allan, D. 1995. The diet of the Cape Eagle Owl. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 12--27. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa.)---Total of 480 prey items, representing at least 42 species, collected from Bubo capensis in Mpumalanga.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Arroyo, B. E. 1997. Diet of Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus in central Spain: analysis of temporal and geographic variation. Ibis 139: 664--672. (Ctr. Natl. Rech. Sci./Ctr. d'Etudes Biol. de Chizé, Villiers en Bois, F-79360 France.)---Lagomorphs chosen in the pre-laying period, birds in the nestling period.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Aumann, T., & K. Bellchambers. 1999. Letter-winged Kites Elanus scriptus in the southwest of the Northern Territory [Australia], 1994-95. Aust. Bird Watcher 18: 68--74. (10 Hansens Creek Rd., Hoddles Creek, Vic. 3139, Australia.)---Diet comprises mammals, reptiles and invertebrates with seasonal variations.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{D302} Aumann, T., & N. Chiweshe. 1995. Diet notes for the Black Eagle Aquila verreauxii in areas of different land use in the Matobo Hills, Zimbabwe. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 8--11. (Lot 1 Hansens Creek Rd., Hoddles Creek, Vic., Australia 3139.)---Heterohyrax brucei and Procavia capensis main prey species in communal land, commercial farmland and national park.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Barbraud, C., & J. C. 1997. [Diet of chicks of White Storks Ciconia ciconia in Charente-Maritime (West France): role of insects.] Alauda 65: 259--262. (La Nougerée, Bercloux, F-17770 Brizambourg, France.)---Mostly Coleoptera (especially Hydrous piceus) and Orthoptera (Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa). (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {B718} {ROL #80}

{D302} Barone, R., & D. Trujillo. 1997. [Predation on the lizard Gallotia galloti by Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus in Islas Canarias.] Alauda 65: 306. (c/Eduardo Zamacois, 13-3A, E-38005 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.) (French.) {C916} {ROL #80}

{D302} Bates, M. F., D. H. de Swardt, & S. Louw. 1992. A note on the diet of the Yellow-billed Egret. Ostrich 63: 44. (Natl. Mus., Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.)---Egretta intermedia. {ROL #80}

{D302} Beccaria, A. 1997. [The Cormorant's diet (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis Blumenbach, 1798) and its impact on the ichthyocommunity.] Riv. Piem. St. Nat. 18: 241--247. (Via Ortigara 7-12048 Mondovi (CN), Italy.)---Pellet analysis from 3 winters. (Italian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Boobyer, M. G., & P. A. R. Hockey. 1994. Dietary opportunism in the Karoo Korhaan; consequence of a sedentary lifestyle in an unpredictable environment. Ostrich 65: 32--38. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Eupodotis vigorsii. 82% diet is plant material, from 32 plant taxa.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D302} Carss, D.N., et al. 1997. Techniques for assessing Cormorant diet and food intake: towards a consensus view. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 197--230. (Inst. Terrestrial Ecol., Hill of Brathens, Glassel, Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY, Scotland, UK.)---Discusses relative merits of 3 main types of method: direct assessment (pellet analysis, stomach contents and regurgitations), feeding observations and foraging ecology (food intake and energy expenditure).---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Cherubini, G & R. Mantovani. 1997. Variability in the results of Cormorant diet assessment by using indices for otolith digestion. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 239--246. (Inst. Nat. Selvatica, Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy.)---Experiment with Phalacrocorax carbo demonstrates that partially digested otoliths erode at different rates between fish species---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Cooper, S. M., & T. Palmer. 1994. Observations on the dietary choice of free-ranging juvenile Ostriches. Ostrich 65: 251--255. (Sch. Field Stud., 16 Broadway, Beverly, MA 01915, USA.)---Struthio camelus. {ROL #80}

{D302} Feltham, M.J., & J.M. Davies. 1997. Daily food intake of cormorants: a summary. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 259--268. (Sch. Biol. & Earth Sci., Liverpool John Moores Univ., Byrom St., Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.)---Reviews 38 independent daily food intake measurements for Phalacrocorax carbo. Estimates vary by up to tenfold, owing to differences in method and between subspecies. Energy demand calculations give the largest, but most realistic estimates, and are recommended for future studies.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Fox, A. D., J. Kahlert, & H. Ettrup. 1998. Diet and habitat use of moulting Greylag Geese Anser anser on the Danish island of Saltholm. Ibis 140: 676--683. (Dept. Coastal Zone Ecol., Natl. Environ. Res. Inst., Kalø, Grenåvej 12, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark.)---Moulting geese select protein-rich Common Saltmarsh-grass Puccinellia maritima.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Franke, E., S. Jackson, & S. Nicolson. 1998. Nectar sugar preferences and absorption in a generalist African frugivore, the Cape White-eye Zosterops pallidus. Ibis 140: 501--506. (Dept. Physiol., Wits Med. Sch., 7 York Rd., Parktown 2193, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D302} Franklin, D. C. 1999. Opportunistic nectarivory: an annual dry season phenomenon among birds in monsoonal northern Australia. Emu 99: 135--141. (Sci. Fac., NT Univ., Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.)---Birds of 21 species, from 13 families, not usually nectarivorous were observed apparently taking nectar opportunistically. This behavior was seen most commonly during the cool dry season, when nectar is abundant but fruit and insects are scarce.---W.K.S. {ROL #80}

{D302} Freeman, A. N. D., & P. J. Smith. 1998. Iso-electric focusing and the identification of fisheries' waste in the diet of Westland Petrels (Procellaria westlandica). NZ J. Mar. & Freshwater Res. 32: 177--180. (Dept. Entomol. & Anim. Ecol., P.O. Box 84, Lincoln Univ., Canterbury, New Zealand.)---Fisheries' waste is an important component of the diet during winter.---H.D.P. {E502} {ROL #80}

{D302} Fuchs, W. 1995. [Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus eating apples in an orchard.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 172. (Fliederweg 2, CH-6438 Ibach, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D302} García, J. T., J. Viñuela, & C. Sunyer. 1998. Geographic variation of the winter diet of the Red Kite Milvus milvus in the Iberian Peninsula. Ibis 140: 302--309. (Dept. Biol. Anim. 1, Univ. Complutense Madrid, Fac Ciencias Biol., E- 28040 Madrid, Spain.)---Carrion is preferred, but its use is influenced by abundance and availability.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Goodman, S. M., et al. 1993. The food habits of the Barn Owl Tyto alba at three sites on Madagascar. Ostrich 64: 160--171. (Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Roosevelt Rd. at Lake Shore Dr., Chicago, IL, USA.) {ROL #80}

{D302} Goodman, S. M., O. Langrand, & C. J. Raxworthy. 1993. Food habits of the Madagascar Long-eared Owl Asio madagascariensis in two habitats in southern Madagascar. Ostrich 64: 79--85. (Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Roosevelt Rd. At Lake Shore Dr., Chicago, IL, 60605, USA.)---Significant proportion of diet consists of introduced rodents.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D302} Hald-Mortensen, P. 1997. Does Cormorant food tell more about fish than Cormorants? Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 173--180. ("Bondeshus", Øsløs, DK-7742 Vesløs, Denmark.)---Analysis of Phalacrocorax carbo pellets recommended as a technique for monitoring fish population changes and size class distributions.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Hustler, K. 1995. Cormorant and Darter prey size selection under experimental conditions. Ostrich 66: 109--113. (P.O. Box 159, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe.)---Reed Cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus, White-breasted Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo lucidus and Darter Anhinga melanogaster. {ROL #80}

{D302} Iida, T. 1999. Predation of Japanese Macaque Macaca fuscata by Mountain Hawk Eagle. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 125--127. (27-1-422, Yamane-cho, Higashi-Ku, Hiroshima 732-0048, Japan.)---Spizaetus nipalensis. {ROL #80}

{D302} Illera, J. C., & J. C. Atienza. 1997. Blue Tits Parus caeruleus exploiting Gum Cistus capsules Cistus ladanifer as sources of arthropod food. Ardea 85: 279--281. (C/Seseña 31, E-28024 Madrid, Spain.) {ROL #80}

{D302} Imber, M. J. 1999. Diet and feeding ecology of the Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora---king of the shelf break and inner slope. Emu 99: 200--211. (Sci. & Res. Unit, Dept. Conserv., P.O. Box 10-420, Wellington, New Zealand.)---Diet samples were collected from birds at New Zealand breeding colonies. Cephalopods (particularly Moroteuthopsis ingens) and fish were the main prey, with crustaceans and tunicates of lesser importance. The relative absence of oceanic prey indicates that the Royal Albatross forages over shallower waters than Diomedea exulans, and may concentrate to forage at the two apparent centers of distribution of M. ingens. This would render the species less vulnerable to fisheries by-catch mortality.---W.K.S. {D306} {ROL #80}

{D302} Kalejta, B. 1993. Diets of shorebirds at the Berg River estuary, South Africa: spatial and temporal variation. Ostrich 64: 123--133. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---The diets overlap, but bird species differ in size classes of nereids taken.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D302} Katalini, D. 1997. [A contribution to the knowledge of the diet and wintering of the Long-eared Owls Asio otus on the Mursko polje (NE Slovenia). Falco 12: 13--16. (Mladinska 31, Bakovci, SI-9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {C926} {ROL #80}

{D302} Kok, O. B. 1993. Diet of the Spotted Dikkop Burhinus capensis. Ostrich 64: 182--184. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Orange Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa.)---Predominantly insectivorous.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D302} Lieser, M. 1996. [Food of the Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus in the Black Forest.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 47--58. (Forstzool. Inst. der Univ. Freiburg, Fohrenbühl 27, D-79252 Stegen-Wittental, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D302} Lindell, L. 1997. Food composition of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis in Sweden. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 163--171. (Swedish Ornithol. Soc., Sparregatan 13, S-392 30 Kalmar, Sweden.)---Mainly Perch and Roach.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Marchetti, C., et al. 1998. The effects of prey size on diet differentiation of seven passerine species at two spring stopover sites. Ibis 140: 25--34. (Dept. Sci. Comportamento Anim. and Uomo, Via Volta 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.)---Size distributions of prey deviated from that available consistently within species.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Marquiss, M., & D.N. Carss. 1997. Methods of estimating the diet of sawbill ducks (Mergus spp.) and Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo). Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 247--258. (Inst. Terrestrial Ecol., Hill of Brathens, Glassel, Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY, Scotland, UK.)---Stomach analysis from shot birds. Using intact fish underestimates the proportion of small fish species and over estimates large species. Corrections for intact fish versus bones and sample size of birds are recommended.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Mitchell, C. 1996. Oesophageal and gizzard contents of wintering Steller’s Eider from Varangerfjord, Norway. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 13--20. (Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Glos. GL2 7BT, UK.)---Various invertebrates from a range of intertidal habitats---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Mooring, M. S. 1993. Predation on a newborn impala by a Martial Eagle. Ostrich 64: 185--186. (Kyle Recreational Pk., Priv. Bag 9136, Masvingo, Zimbabwe Anim. Behav. Graduate Grp., Univ. California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.)---Polemaetus bellicosus, Aepycerus melampus. {ROL #80}

{D302} O’Connor, T. G. 1993. The diet of nestling Cattle Egrets in the Transvaal. Ostrich 64: 44--45. (Dohne Res. Stn., Priv Bag X15, Stutterheim, 4930, South Africa.)---Bubulcus ibis. {ROL #80}

{D302} Pechacek, P., & A. Kristin. 1996. [Food and foraging ecology of the Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus during the nestling period.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 259--266. (Nationalparkverwaltung Berchtesgaden, Doktorberg 6, D-83471 Berchtesgaden, Germany.)---Larvae of long-horn beetles and spiders were the most important food items. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{D302} Rakotomanana, H., & T. Hino. 1998. Fruit preference in the Velvet Asity in a rain forest of Madagascar. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 11--19. (Dept. Zool., Fac. Sci., Kyoto Univ., Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.)---Philepitta castanea prefers fruit of Oncostemon leprosum when it is abundant, but not when it is scarce.---H.N. {ROL #80}

{D302} Rathgeber, C., & P. Bayle. 1997. [Diet of the Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo near Menton, south-east France.] Alauda 65: 351--356. (Inst. Méditerranéen Ecol. et Paléoécol., Fac. Sci. Tech. St Jérôme, Case 461, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.)---Majority of 411 prey items were brown and black rats Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D302} Rifai, L. B., W. N. Al-Melhim & Z. S. Amr. 1998. On the diet of the Barn Owl, Tyto alba, in northern Jordan. Zool. Middle E. 16: 31--34. (ZSA: Dept. Biol., Jordan Univ. Sci. & Technol., Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan.)---Feeds opportunistically on a wide range of prey species.---K.E. {ROL #80}

{D302} Schneider, R. 1995. [Urban breeding sites of Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus--new chances for an endangered species?] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 315--319. (Projektgruppe Naturschutz, Inst. f. Biol., Humboldt-Univ. zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.)---Food habits of a breeding pair in Berlin. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{D302} Steele, W. K. 1992. Diet of Hartlaub’s Gull Larus hartlaubii and the Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus in the southwestern Cape Province, South Africa. Ostrich 63: 68--82. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Kelp Gulls feed on larger prey.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D302} Stewart, K. M., et al. 1997. Prey diversity and selectivity of the African fish eagle: data from a roost in northern Kenya. Afr. J. Ecol. 35: 133--145. (Can. Mus. Nat., P. O. Box 3443, Stn. D, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Can.)---Haliaeetus vocifer is both selective and opportunistic, especially for the fish which make up 82% of the diet.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{D302} Suter, W. 1997. Roach rules: shoaling fish are a constant factor in the diet of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo in Switzerland. Ardea 85: 9--27. (Swiss Federal Inst. Technol., Zurcherstr. 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.)---Diet is habitat specific.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Tojo, H., & S. Nakamura. 1999. Seeds found in fecal samples from Red-billed Leiothrix. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 115--117. (Wildl. Ecol. Lab., For. & For. Products Res. Inst., P.O.Box 16, Tsukuba Norin 310-8585, Japan.)---Leiothrix lutea. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D302} Toyne, E. P. 1998. Breeding season diet of the Goshawk Accipiter gentilis in Wales. Ibis 140: 569--579. (WWF-UK, Panda Ho., Weyside Pk., Catteshall Ln., Godalming, Surrey GU7 1XR, UK.)---Mainly birds. No evidence for specific selection of prey because of sexual size dimorphism.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Trauttmansdorff, J., & G. Wassermann 1997. Diet and pellet production of immature Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis). Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 231--238. (F.G. Wihelminenberg, O. Koenig Instit., ABT. Donau, A-2000 Stockerau, Austria.)---Fish species with harder scales and large otoliths provoke more pellets; 28.5% of fish tags were recovered, some remained inside birds for 10 days.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D302} Tréca, B. 1994. The diet of Ruffs and Black-tailed Godwits in Senegal. Ostrich 65: 256--263. (ORSTOM, P.O. Box 1386, Dakar, Senegal.)---Philomachus pugnax, Limosa limosa. Rice accounts for 80% of items eaten.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D302} Winterbach, C. W., & J. H. Oosthuizen. 1992. The diet of Helmeted Guineafowl in the Orange Free State as a potential source of pesticides. Ostrich 63: 38--41. (Ctr. Wildl. Res., Univ. Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.)---Numida meleagris. {ROL #80}

{D306} Anderson, M. D. 1992. Anteating Chats feeding in association with aardwolves. Ostrich 63: 186. (North. Cape Sci. Serv. Unit, Cape Nat. Conserv., Kimberley, 8300, South Africa.)---Myrmecocichla formicivora; Proteles cristatus. {D106} {ROL #80}

{D306} Brahier, J. L., & A. 1997. [Diurnal behaviour of an Eagle Owl Bubo bubo.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 186--187. (Les Navelles 70, CH-2748 Souboz, Switzerland.)---Carrying prey at 11 a.m. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D306} Brothers, N., et al. 1998. Foraging movements of the Shy Albatross Diomedea cauta breeding in Australia; implications for interactions with longline fisheries. Ibis 140: 446--457. (Dept Environ. and Land Manage., Pk. and Wildl. Serv, GPO Box 44a, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.)---Foraging zones identified by satellite telemetry---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Brotons, L. 1997. Changes in foraging behaviour of the Coal Tit Parus ater due to snow cover. Ardea 85: 249--257. (Dept. Anim. Biol., Univ. Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Cannell, B. L., & J. M. Cullen. 1998. The foraging behaviour of Little Penguins Eudyptula minor at different light levels. Ibis 140: 467--471. (Biol. Sci., Murdoch Univ., Murdoch, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.)---Experiment found lower proportion of fish chased and more time searching prey with decreasing light levels.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Corlett, D. T. 1998. Frugivory and seed dispersal by birds in Hong Kong shrubland. Forktail 13: 23--27. (Dept. Ecol. Biodiversity, Univ. Hong Kong, Pokfulam Rd., Hong Kong, China.)---From fecal samples of captured birds and observations of feeding. Most significant dispersal agents Pycnotus jocosus, Pycnotus sinensis, Zosterops japonicus---I.C.R. {D106} {ROL #80}

{D306} Dann, P. 1999. Feeding periods and supratidal feeding of Red-necked Stints and Curlew Sandpipers in Western Port, Victoria [Australia]. Emu 99: 218--222. (Penguin Res. Comm. Manage., P.O. Box 97, Cowes, Vic. 3922, Australia.)---Occurrence and duration of diurnal foraging periods in intertidal areas and the use of supratidal foraging areas by non-breeding Calidris ruficollis and Calidris ferruginea.---W.K.S. {ROL #80}

{D306} Dean, W. R. J. 1993. Alpine Swifts opportunistically feeding on cicadas. Ostrich 64: 42--42. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Tachymarptis melba. Association with a walking man.---R.M.W. {D106} {ROL #80}

{D306} Finney, S. K., S. Wanless, & M. P. Harris. 1999. The effect of weather conditions on the feeding behaviour of a diving bird, the Common Guillemot Uria aalge. J. Avian Biol. 30: 23--30. (ITE., Banchory Res. Stn., Hill of Brathens, Banchory, Kincardineshire, AB31 4BY, UK.)---No evidence of effect on rate of feeding, but smaller prey type was delivered in stormy weather. Adult attendance and diving behaviours also varied.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Gosper, C. R. 1999. Birds foraging for cicadas at Primbee, NSW. Aust. Birds 31(4): 142--144. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. Wollongong, Northfields Ave., Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.)---Seven species of birds listed.---J.M.P. {ROL #80}

{D306} Gremillet, D., et al. 1998. Flexible foraging techniques in breeding cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo and shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis: benthic or pelagic feeding? Ibis 140: 113--119. (Inst. Meereskunde, DŸsternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.)---Both species can forage in both ways. Cormorants take a range of pelagic and benthic fish species; Shags forage on sand eels at different depths.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Hartley, R. R., & J. N. Smith. 1995. Eagles hunting in the Batoka gorges, Zimbabwe. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 30--32. (Zimbabwe Falconer's Club, Falcon Coll., Esigodini, Zimbabwe.)---Aquila verreauxii, Hieraaetus fasciatus, Polemaetus bellicosus, Circaetus subtaeniatus. {ROL #80}

{D306} Hockey, P. A. R. 1996. Crab-hunting behaviour of Gull-billed Terns Gelochelidon nilotica and White-winged Terns Chlidonias leucopterus. Ostrich 67: 162--165. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Hockey, P. A. R., et al. 1996. Foraging behaviour of Crab Plovers Dromas ardeola at Midas Creek, Kenya. Ostrich 67: 33--44. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Hockey, P. A. R., et al. 1999. Scaling patterns in the foraging behaviour of sympatric plovers: effects of body size and diet. J. Avian Biol. 30: 40--46. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa 7701.)---Study of Dromas ardeola, Pluvialis squatarola, Charadrius leschenaultii, Charadrius mongolus & Charadrius hiaticula in central Kenya.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Kasoma, P. M. B. 1995. Cormorant regurgitation and scavenging by large waterbirds at an avian loafing site in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda. Afr. J. Ecol. 33: 294--296. (MUIENR, PO Box 7298, Kampala, Uganda.)---Phalacrocorax carbo. {ROL #80}

{D306} Kemp, A. C. 1995. A comparison of hunting behaviour by each sex of adult Greater Kestrels Falco rupicoloides resident near Pretoria, South Africa. Ostrich 66: 21--33. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., P.O. Box 413, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Leeuw J. J. de, & W. Renema. 1997. [Do Tufted Ducks Aythya fuligula feed by night to avoid kleptoparsitism?] Limosa 70: 1--4. (Gedragsbiologie RUG, PO. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, Netherlands.)---Yes, possibly because of tactile feeding. (Dutch, Engl. summ.)---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Lehnherr, W. 1997. [Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus catching bats.] Nos Oiseaux 44: 183--184. (Champ-Fleur, F-74440 Taninges, France.)---Rhinolophus hipposideros. (French.) {C916} {ROL #80}

{D306} McCurdy, D. G., J. S. Boates, & M. R. Forbes. 1997. Diurnal and nocturnal foraging by Semipalmated Sandpipers Calidris pusilla. J. Avian Biol. 28: 353--356. (Dept. Biol., Carleton Univ., 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Can.)---Nocturnal foraging is probably important in meeting energy demands of migrating sandpipers.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} McNee, S. 1999. Foraging behaviour of the Port Lincoln Ringneck in the southwest of Western Australia. Eclectus 6: 16--18. (21B Corbel St., Shelley, WA 6148, Australia.)---300 of 386 grasstrees Xanthorrhoea preissii surveyed were browsed by Barnardius zonarius; 120 of these grasstrees died from this browsing in 2.7 years.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D306} Mollet, P., & D. Jenny. 1995. [Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos catches Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo in mid-air.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 173. (Mühlebergstr. 44, CH-8910 Affoltern a. Albis, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Monadjem, A., N. Owen-Smith, & Kemp, A. C. 1994. Perch-site selection by three species of kingfishers. Ostrich 65: 342--343. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Witwatersrand, P.O. Box Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.)---Giant Kingfisher Ceryle maxima, Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis and Half-collared Kingfisher Alcedo semitorquata. {ROL #80}

{D306} Mughogho, D. E. C., & S. M. Munthali. 1995. The influence of water depth on foraging location of two species of kingfisher and two species of cormorant on the Sabie River within the Kruger National Park. Afr. J. Ecol. 33: 81--83. (SMM: Dept. Biol., Univ. Swaziland, P/Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Swaziland.)---Ceryle rudis, Alcedo semitorquata, Phalacrocorax carbo, Phalacrocorax africanus.---D.E.P. {C914} {ROL #80}

{D306} Murakami, M. 1998. Foraging habitat shift in the Narcissus Flycatcher, Ficedula narcissina, due to the response of herbivorous insect to the strengthening defenses of canopy trees. Ecol. Res. 13(1): 73--82. (Biodiv. Group, Inst. Low Temp. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Japan.)---Birds shifted foraging from the canopy to the understory of deciduous forest in response to the distribution of caterpillars.---H.N.{ROL #79}

{D306} Pasinelli, G., & J. Hegelbach. 1997. Characteristics of trees preferred by foraging Middle Spotted Woodpeckers Dendrocopos medius in northern Switzerland. Ardea 85: 203--209. (Zool. Mus., Univ. Zurich,-Irchel, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.)---Prefer >200-yr-old oaks.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Roberts, S. C. 1993. Yellow-bellied Bulbul gleaning on a Klipspringer. Ostrich 64: 136. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.)---Chlorocichla flaviventris, Oreotragus oreotragus. {D106} {ROL #80}

{D306} Roberts, S. C. 1995. Gleaning in Klipspringer preorbital glands by Redwinged Starlings and Yellowbellied Bulbuls. Ostrich 66: 147--148. (Dept. Anthropol., Univ. Coll. London, Gower St., London, WC1E 6BT, UK.)---Oreotragus oreotragus, Onychognathus morio, and Chlorocichla flaviventris. {D106} {ROL #80}

{D306} Robin, K., & M. Keller. 1995. [Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos catches two Brown Hares Lepus europaeus at 410m above sea level] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 170--172. (im Freudmoos 7, CH-8730 Uznach, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Ryan, P. G. 1992. Fiscal Shrike feeding by plunge diving. Ostrich 63: 42. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.)---Lanius collaris. {ROL #80}

{D306} Ueda, K. 1999. Spread of nectar-robbing behaviour from Hibiscus flowers Hibiscus cvs. by white-eyes in southern islands of Japan. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 79--86. (Lab. Anim. Ecol., Fac. Sci., Rikkyo Univ., Nishi-Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshima-Ku, Tokyo 171-0021, Japan.)---Zosterops japonica. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D306} van der Merwe, D., A. McLachlan, & An M.C. De Ruyck. 1992. Partitioning of feeding habitats by White-fronted Plovers Charadrius marginatus at a dune/beach interface. Ostrich 63: 45--57. (Coastal Res. Inst. Dept. Zool., Univ. Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth, 6000, South Africa.)---Feeding activity on the beach is determined by time of day, tide and wind.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D306} Van Balen, S. 1998. Hovering Cerulean Kingfishers Alcedo caerulescens. Forktail 13: 121. (Dept. Nat. Conserv., Wageningen Agric. Univ., P.O. Box 8080, 6700 DD, Wageningen, Netherlands.)---A seldom-mentioned foraging technique.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D306} Veit, R. R., & P. A. Prince. 1997. Individual and population level dispersal of Black-browed Albatrosses Diomedea melanophris and Grey-headed Albatrosses D. chrysostoma in response to Antarctic krill. Ardea 85: 129--134. (Dept. Zool, Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA.)---D. melanophris disperses farther offshore when krill is scarce.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Wanink, J. H. 1996. Foraging locations of kingfishers and cormorants at Lake Victoria depend on the distribution of harvestable prey. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 90--93. (Kluisgat 19, 9732 EM Groningen, The Netherlands.)---Ceryle rudis, Alcedo semitorquata, Phalacrocorax carbo, Phalacrocorax africanus. {ROL #80}

{D306} Wanless, S., D. Grémillet, & M. P. Harris. 1998. Foraging activity and performance of Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis in relation to environmental characteristics. J. Avian Biol. 29: 49--54. (ITE., Banchory Res. Stn., Hill of Brathens, Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY UK.)---Using radiotelemetry and automatic nest balance system in four pairs of shags in Scotland. Distribution of available food resources may influence choice of foraging areas.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D306} Waser, N. M, & J. A. McRobert. 1998. Hummingbird foraging at experimental patches of flowers: evidence for weak risk-aversion. J. Avian Biol. 29: 305--313. (Dept. Biol., Univ. California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.)---Selasphorus platycercus, Selasphorus rufus. {ROL #80}

{D306} Whiting, S. D., & M. L. Guinea. 1999. Nocturnal foraging by the Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus on sea turtle hatchlings. Emu 99: 145--147. (Fac. Sci., NT Univ., Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.)---Evidence of the birds feeding on Natator depressus at Bare Sand Island, west of Darwin, Australia.---W.K.S. {ROL #80}

{D306} Zank, C. M., & A. C. Kemp. 1996. A comparison of hunting behaviour by Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni and Eastern Red-footed Falcons Falco amurensis in their non-breeding South African range. Ostrich 67: 63--66. (Zool. Dept., Univ Witwatersrand, P.O. Wits, 2050, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D306} Zhengjie, Z., & P. Zhengjie. 1998. The foraging behaviour of the Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus squamatus in the Changbai Mountains and Ziao Xingangling Mountains of China. Forktail 14: 76--77. (Nanhu Xin Cun 67 Dong 311, Changchun 130012, China.) {ROL #80}

{D308} Fritz, H. 1998. Wind speed as a determinant of kleptoparasitism by Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus on Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus. J. Avian Biol. 29: 331--334. (CNRS UPR 4701, Ctr. d’Études Biol. de Chizé, 79360 Beauvoir-sur Niort, France.)---Kleptoparasitism was more successful when wind was weak.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D308} Kasoma, P. M. B. 1995. Kleptoparasitic attacks on three heron species (Ardeidae) in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda. Afr. J. Ecol. 33: 291--293. (MUIENR, PO Box 7298, Kampala, Uganda.)---Attacks by Haliaeetus vocifer on Ardea goliath, Ardea cinerea and Egretta alba.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{D308} Pienaar, H. 1996. Piracy by Eastern Red-footed Kestrels on Lesser Kestrels. J. African Raptor Biol. 11: 20--21. (P.O. Box 42127, Three Rivers 1941, South Africa.)---Falco amurensis, Falco naumanni. {ROL #80}

{D504} Czy¿, S. 1997. [The ‘Polish’ morph ‘immutabilis’ of the Mute Swan Cygnus olor in the environs of Czêstochowa.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 231--233. (Kolejowa 2, 42--141 Przystajñ, Poland.)---S. Poland, up to 5% of young. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{D504} Griffith, S. C., & R. Stewart. 1998. Genetic confirmation of non-identical embryonic twins in the House Sparrow Passer domesticus. J. Avian Biol. 29: 207--208. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Leicester, Leicester, UK LE1 7RH.) {ROL #80}

{D504} Li, Q.-W., et al. 1998. [Diversity of mitochondrial DNA in eight species of Strigiformes.] Acta Zool. Sinica 44: 94--101. (Dept. Biol., Liaoning Normal Univ., Dalian 116029, China.)---mtDNA phylogeny coincides with morphological taxonomy. The divergence between Tytonidae and Strigidae is dated at 28--30 mya. (Chinese, Engl. summ.)---K.E. {ROL #80}

{D504} Munechika, I., K. Nozawa, & H. Suzuki. 1999. Relationships of Syrmaticus and Phasianus by Cyt-b gene array comparison. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 133--138. (Chiba Zool. Pk., 280 Minato-cho, Wakaba-ku, Chiba 264-0037, Japan.)---Gallus gallus, Syrmaticus soemmerringii scintillans, Syrmaticus ellioti, Syrmaticus humiae, Syrmaticus mikado, Syrmaticus reevesii, Lophura eryhrophthalma, Catreus wallichii, Phasianus versicolor. {D103} {ROL #80}

{D504} Schreiber, A., T. Weitzel, & E. Straua. 1998. Allozyme variability in Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix), a tetraonid with lek behaviour. J. Ornithol. 139: 55--66. (Zool. Inst., Univ. Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.)---Slight genetic distances do not provide a basis for judging a suggested subspecies from the Netherlands.---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{D508} Brooke, R. K. 1993. A case of apparent hybridization between Spotted and Black-chested Prinias Prinia maculosa and flavicans. Ostrich 64: 137. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D508} Filchagov, A. V. 1998. [On a probable break of the reproductive hiatus between the Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) and the Tundra Gull (Larus heuglini).] Ornithologia 28: 120--122. (A.N. Severtsov Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 117071, Russia.)---Possible hybrid egg. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D508} Hauri, R. 1995. [Hybrids of Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina and Mallard Anas platyrhynchos on Lake Thoune (Switzerland).] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 481--482. (Breiten, Forst, CH-3636 Längenbühl, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D508} Keith, S. 1992. Hybridization among bulbuls of the genus Pycnonotus in southern Africa. Ostrich 63: 187. (Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Ctr. Pk. W., NY 10024, USA.)---Pycnonotus barbatus, Pycnonotus nigricans, Pycnonotus capensis. {ROL #80}

{D508} Olioso, G. 1998. Capture d’un probable hybride Moineau friquet Passer montanus × Moineau domestique Passer domesticus. Bièvre 15: 87--88. (Le Mail, 26230 Grignan, France.)---Capture of a probable hybrid between Tree Sparrow and House Sparrow. (French)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{D508} Rêbiœ, M. 1998. [A record of a hybrid between the Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus and Black Redstart P. ochruros.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 50. (Wraszawska 32A/18, 26--900 Kozienice, Poland.)---Hybrid male bred successfully with female of Phoenicurus ochruros. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{D508} Ross, G. A., K. Egan, & D. Pridel. 1999. Hybridization between Little Tern Sterna albifrons and Fairy Tern Sterna nereis in Botany Bay, New South Wales [Australia]. Corella 23: 33--36. (NSW Natl. Pks Serv., P.O. Box 375, Kurnell, NSW 2231, Australia.)---Plumage and morphometric characteristics clearly distinguished mixed pair, which successfully hatched 2 young from a clutch of 3 eggs.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{D700} Kemp, A. C. 1993. Breeding biology of Lanner Falcons near Pretoria, South Africa. Ostrich 64: 26--31. (Dept. Birds, Transvaal Mus., P.O. Box 413, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.)---Falcio biarmicus. {ROL #80}

{D702} Alan, D. 1995. Eurasian Sparrowhawks and aberrant Red-Breasted Sparrowhawks revisited. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 65. (Durban Nat. Sci. Mus., P/Bag 4085, Durban, South Africa.)---Accipiter nisus, Accipiter rufiventris. {ROL #80}

{D702} Collar, N. J. 1998. Bill morphology in the identification of Isabela Orioles Oriolus isabellae. Forktail 14: 82--84. (BirdLife Internatl., Wellbrook Ct., Girton Rd., Cambridge CB3 0NA, UK.)---Endemic to Luzon, Philippines, previously known from only 2 locations, now known from 5.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D702} Corso, A. 1997. Identifying Thrush Nightingale and Nightingale. Alula 3: 118--120. (c/o Alula, PO Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland.)---Luscinia megarhynchos, Luscinia luscinia. {ROL #80}

{D702} Forsman, D. 1997. Juvenile Hobby or juvenile Red-footed Falcon? Alula 3: 112--113. (c/o Alula, PO Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland.)---Identification of Falco subbuteo and Falco vespertinus.---E.H. {ROL #80}

{D702} Forsman, D. 1998. Identification of Levant Sparrowhawk. Alula 4: 18--21. (PO Box 25, FIN-0241 Jorvas, Finland)---Accipiter brevipes, with nine colour photographs.---E.H. {ROL #80}

{D702} Frémont, J. Y., & M. Duquet. 1997. [Field identification of Dusky (Phylloscopus fuscatus) and Radde's (Phylloscopus schwarzi) warblers.] Ornithos 4: 165--173. (58 r. Laugier, F-75017 Paris, France.)---Structure, "jizz", and calls are distinctive. 1 colour plate & 15 colour photos. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D702} Kapanen, M. 1998. Finland next?---Caspian Plover. Alula 4: 60--61. (c/o Alula, P. O. Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland.)---Charadrius asiaticus. {ROL #80}

{D702} Kapanen, M. 1998. Finland next?---Spectacled Warbler. Alula 4: 14--15. (c/o Alula, PO Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland.)---Sylvia conspicillata. {ROL #80}

{D702} King, B. F., & P. C. Rasmussen. 1998. The rediscovery of the Forest Owlet Athene (Heteroglaux) blewitti. Forktail 14: 51--53. (Ornithol. Dept., American Mus. Nat. Hist., Central Pk. West 79th St., New York, NY 10024, USA.)---In low foothills forest north of Shahada, Maharashtra, India.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D702} Leader, P. J. 1996. Field identification of Citrine Wagtail and races of Yellow Wagtail in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 210--217. (HKBWS, GPO Box 12460, Hong Kong.)---Motacilla citreola, Motacilla flava. {ROL #80}

{D702} Leader, P. J. 1996. Field identification of Yellow, Schrenck’s and Chestnut Bitterns. Hong Kong Bird Report 1995: 218--223. (HKBWS, GPO Box 12460, Hong Kong)---Ixobrychus sinensis, Ixobrychus eurythmus, and Ixobrychus cinnamomeus. {ROL #80}

{D702} Lindholm, A. 1997. The heuglini gulls in the Bay of Ob [Russia]. Alula 3: 126--128. (Hakaniemenkuja 4 A39, FIN-00530 Helsinki, Finland.)---With colour photos of Larus (fuscus) heuglini.---E. H. {ROL #80}

{D702} Nijman, V., & R. Sözer. 1998. Field identification of the Javan Hawk Eagle Spizaetus bartelsi. Forktail 14: 13--16. (Inst. Syst. Pop. Biol., Univ. Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94766, 1090 Amsterdam, Netherlands.)---Based on observations of female attending juvenile over four days in September 1995.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{D702} Olsen, K. M. 1998. [More on American Golden Plover.] Roadrunner 6: 18--20. (Gartnerivej 3, 1, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark)---Pluvialis dominica identification. (Swedish.)---E.H. {ROL #80}

{D702} Rasmussen, P. C., & N. J. Collar. 1998. Identification, distribution and status of the Forest owlet Athene (Heteroglaux) blewitti. Forktail 14: 41--49. (Room 336 NHB MRC 114, Div. Birds, Smithsonian Inst., Washington DC 20560-0131, USA.)---Only known specimens from lowland formerly forested areas of west-central and east-central India.---I.C.R.{B904, C328} {ROL #80}

{D702} Sætra, G.-P., M. Král & Bureš. 1997. Differential species recognition abilities of males and females in a flycatcher hybrid zone. J. Avian. Biol. 28: 259--263. (Div. Biol., Div. Zool., Univ. Oslo, PO Box 1050 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.)---Aviary experiments using Ficedula hypoleuca and Ficedula albicollis.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D702} Svensson, L. 1998. [How many ticks can be obtained from the Great Grey Shrike?] Roadrunner 6: 14--17. (Sturegatan 60, SE-114 36 Stockholm)---Systematics and identification of Lanius excubitor group. (Swedish.)---E.H. {ROL #80}

{D702} Tenovuo, J., & J. Varrela. 1998. Identification of the Great Grey Shrike complex in Europe. Alula 4: 1--11. (c/o Alula, P. O. Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland.)---Lanius excubitor. Colour photos.---E.H. {ROL #80}

{D704} Borras, A., et al. 1998. Sex and age related biometrical patterns in Pyrenean Citril Finches (Serinus citrinella). Vogelwarte 39: 196--202. (Mus. Zool., Ap. Correus 593, E-08080 Barcelona, Spain.)---Adult males are larger than females and yearlings; Pyrenean birds have larger wings than central European birds.---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{D704} Duquet, M. 1997. [Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola pitfall.] Schoeniclus 2: 81--85. (22 av. du tambourin, F-34230 Vendémian, France.)---Autumn juvenile/first winter plumage. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D704} Fridolfsson, A.-K., & H. Ellegren. 1999. A simple and universal method for molecular sexing of non-ratite birds. J. Avian Biol. 30: 116--121. (Dept. Anim. Breeding & Genetics, Swedish Univ. of Agric. Sci., Box 597, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.)---Method based on the detection of a constant size difference between CHD1W and CHD1Z introns, PCR amplification, and agarose electrophoresis yielded successful sexing of 47 of 50 bird species from 11 orders.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D704} Jakober, H., & W. Stauber. 1998. [Wing shape of the Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio).] Vogelwarte 39: 217--221. (Friedrichstr. 8/1, D-73329 Kuchen, Germany.)---Wings of females less pointed than those of males; wings of young birds are more rounded. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{D704} Yésou, P. 1997. [Ageing Sabine's Gull, Larus sabini.] Ornithos 4: 116--121. (O.N.C., 53 r. Russeil, F-44000 Nantes, France.)---1 colour plate & 8 colour photos, mainly of first-summer plumage. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D900} Alerstam, T., & A. Hedenström (Eds.). 1998. Optimal Migration. J. Avian Biol. 29. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., S-22362 Lund, Sweden.)---Special issue gives papers from a 1997 conference at Lund University dealing with optimization models of migration, aerodynamics, physiology, orientation and navigation. The emphasis is on birds, but other animal groups, such as ants and turtles are also treated.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D900} Alerstam, T., & A. Hedenström. 1998. The development of bird migration theory. J. Avian Biol. 29: 343--369. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., S-22362 Lund, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Brett, J. 1995. Migration of Lesser Kestrels in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. J. African Raptor Biol. 10: 63. (210A Hawk Mtn. Rd., Kempton, PA, 19529, USA.)---Flock of >70,000 Falco naumanni on 11 March 1996 largest ever recorded in the region.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D900} Bruderer, B. 1994. Nocturnal bird migration in the Negev (Israel)---a tracking radar study. Ostrich 65: 204--212. (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., CH-6204, Sempach, Switzerland.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Bruderer, B. 1996. [Research on bird migration in the area of the Alps (Switzerland) 1980-1995.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 119--130. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.)---Results from radar studies. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{D900} Butler, P. J., A. J. Woakes, & C. M. Bishop. 1998. Behaviour and physiology of Svalbard Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis during their autumn migration. J. Avian Biol. 29: 536--545. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D900} De le Court, C., & E. Aguilera. 1997. Dispersal and migration of Eurasian Spoonbills Platalea leucorodia. Ardea 85: 193--202. (Est. Biol. de Doñana, CSIC, Apartado 1056, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Helbig, A. J. 1994. Genetic basis and evolutionary change of migratory directions in a European passerine migrant Sylvia atricapilla. Ostrich 65: 151--159. (Univ. Greifswald, Vogelwarte Hiddensee, D-18565, Kloster, Germany.)---Some migratory adaptations may have evolved recently.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D900} Liechti, F., & B. Bruderer. 1998. The relevance of wind for optimal migration theory. J. Avian Biol. 29: 561--568. (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Liechti, F., et al. 1996. [Autumn migration in the area of the Alps (Switzerland) according to moon-watching.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 131--152. (Schweiz. Vogelwarte, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Meyburg, B-U, C. Meyburg, & J.C. Barbraud. 1998. Migration strategies of an adult Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus tracked by satellite. Alauda 66: 39--48. (Wangenheimstrasse, 32, D-14193 Berlin, Germany.)---Bird breeding in Charente-Maritime (west France). Migration route, daily flight distances, daily rhythm.---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D900} Rusev, I. T. 1997. Autumn migration of Red-breasted Goose (Branta ruficolis) and White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) on the North-west coast of the Black Sea in 1996.] Casarca 3: 301--305. (Ukrainian State Antiplage Stat., Min. Health, Ukraine.)---Estimated 700,000 Anser albifrons and 16,000 Branta ruficolis. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D900} Satheesan, S. M. 1994. Data on migratory birds from bird-aircraft strike incidents in India. Ostrich 65: 247--248. (Bird Hazard Res. Cell, Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., Hornbill House, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Rd., Bombay, 400 023, India.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Saurola, P. 1994. African non-breeding areas of Fennoscandian Ospreys Pandion haliaetus; a ring recovery analysis. Ostrich 65: 127--136. (Ringing Ctr., Finnish Mus. Nat. Hist., P.O. Box 17, FIN-00014, Univ. Helsinki, Finland.) {C304} {ROL #80}

{D900} Spina, F., A. Massi, & A. Montemaggiori. 1994. Back from Africa; Who's running ahead? Aspects of differential migration of sex and age classes in Palearctic-African spring migrants. Ostrich 65: 137--150. (Istituto Nazionale Fauna Selvatica, Via Ca' Fornacetta, 9-I-40064, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Sutherland, W. J. 1998. Evidence for flexibility and constraint in migration systems. J. Avian Biol. 29: 441--446. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D900} Underhill, L. G. 1995. The relationship between breeding and nonbreeding localities of waders: the Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea as an extreme example. Ostrich 66: 41--45. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Bruderer, B., & F. Liechti. 1998. Flight behaviour of nocturnally migrating birds in coastal areas---crossing or coasting. J. Avian Biol. 29: 499--507. (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Craig, A. J. F. K., & P. E. Hulley. 1994. Sunbird movements; a review, with possible models. Ostrich 65: 106--110. (Dept. Zool. & Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.)---Four models to explain the winter influx of sunbirds.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D902} Crouther, M. M., & K. W. Crouther. 1999. Quail that go bump in the night. Corella 23: 43--47. (P.O., Dalrymple Heights, Eungella, Qld. 4757, Australia.)---Nocturnal irruptions of six species, mainly Turnix maculosa, occurred during fog, possibly attracted by town lights.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{D902} Hedenström, A., & T. Alerstam. 1998. How fast can birds migrate? J. Avian Biol. 29: 424--432. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Hedenström, A. 1997. Predicted and observed migration speed in Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina. Ardea 85: 29--36. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Herremans, M. 1994. Partial migration in the masked weaver Ploceus velatus in southeastern Botswana. Ostrich 65: 79--85. (Dept. Wildl. Natl. Pks., P.O. Box 131, Gaborone, Botswana.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Houston, A. I. 1998. Models of optimal avian migration: state, time and predation. J. Avian Biol. 29: 395--404. (Ctr. Behav. Biol., Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Bristol, Woodland Rd., Bristol BS8 1UG, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Johnson, D. H., & G. L. Maclean. 1994. Altitudinal migration in Natal. Ostrich 65: 86--94. (Natal Pks. Board, P.O. Box 662, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa.)---Birds of 76 species move from high to low elevations in the winter.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{D902} Weber, T. P., T. Alerstam, A. Hedenström. 1998. Stopover decisions under wind influence. J. Avian Biol. 29: 552--560. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{D902} Wiltschko, R., et al. 1999. After-effects of exposure to conflicting celestial and magnetic cues at sunset in migratory Silvereyes Zosterops l. lateralis. J. Avian Biol. 30: 56--62. (Fachbereich Biol. der J. W. Goethe-Univ. Frankfurt a.M., Zool., Siesmayerstr. 70, D 60054 Frankfurt a.M., Germany.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Alexander, R. McN. 1998. When is migration worthwhile for animals that walk, swim or fly? J. Avian Biol. 29: 387--394. (Sch. Biol., Univ. Leeds, LS2 9JT,UK.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Behmann, H. 1997. [Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) from Baltic Sea to South America.] Vogelwarte 39: 165--166. (Backhuus 6, D-24229 Schwedeneck, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Belik, V. P., et al. 1997. [Bewick's Swan (Cygnus bewickii) in Volga-Ural interfluve (Russia).] Casarca 3: 280--285. (Rostov State Pedagogical Univ., Rostov-on-Don, Russia.)---New staging site for more than 100 birds found in 1996. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Berruti, A., J. A. Harrison, & R. A. Navarro. 1994. Seasonal migration of terrestrial birds along the southern and eastern coasts of southern Africa. Ostrich 65: 54--65. (Durban Nat. Sci. Mus., P.O. Box 4085, Durban, 4000, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Berthold, P., et al. 1997. [Satellite-tracking of White Storks Ciconia ciconia: Migration of an eastern individual to South Yemen.] J. Ornithol. 138: 546--549. (Vogelwarte Radolfzell, Max-Planck-Inst. F. Verhaltensphysiol., Schloss Moeggingen, Schlossallee 2, D 78315 Radolfzell, Germany.)---Unusual migratory route. (German, Engl. summary.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Brooke, R. K. 1994. Subspeciation studies and our knowledge of migration and other movements in southern African birds. Ostrich 65: 49--53. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {C920} {ROL #80}

{D904} Cenian, Z., & A. Sikora. 1997. [Autumn migration of the Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus in the north-western Warmia and Gdañsk coastland in 1996.] Notatki Ornitol. 38: 215--222. (Wapnik, 11--007 Lubomino, Poland.)---S. Baltic coast. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{D904} Farmer, A. H., & J. A. Farmer. 1998. Optimal migration schedules depend on the landscape and the physical environment: a dynamic modeling view. J. Avian Biol. 29: 405--415. (Midcontinent Ecol. Sci. Ctr., 4512 McMurry Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80525.3400, USA.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Fernandez-Cruz, M., & C. G. Sarasa. 1998. [Post breeding migration of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) at the Straits of Gibraltar.] Almoraima 19: 209--216. (Dept. Biol. Anim., Fac. Biol., Univ. Madrid, Spain.) (Spanish) {ROL #80}

{D904} Flint, P. 1997. Coasting migration of waterbirds at Cape Elea, Cyprus. Zool. Middle E. 14: 69--72. (Malvern, Collingwood Rd., St. Margaret’s at Cliffe, Dover, Kent CT15 6EX, UK.)---Systematic counts of eastward spring migration along the south coast of Cyprus.---T.M. {ROL #80}

{D904} Fuller, M. R., W. S. Seegar, & L. S. Schueck. 1998. Routes and travel rates of migrating Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus and Swainson’s Hawks Buteo swainsoni in the Western Hemisphere. J. Avian Biol. 29: 433--440. (USGS For. & Rangeland Ecosystem Sci. Ctr., Snake R. Field Stn., 970 Lusk St., Boise, ID 83706, USA.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Gerasimov, N., & Y. Gerasimov. 1996. Observations of the spring migration of divers and seaducks along the Western Coast of Kamchatka. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 26--31. (Kamchatka Inst. Ecol., Russian Acad. Sci., Ribakov 19A, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683024, Russia.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Golovatin, M. G., & S. P. Paskhalny. 1997. [Spring migration of Bewick's Swans (Cygnus bewickii) at the low Ob river (Russia).] Casarca 3: 286--297. (Inst. Ecol. Plants Anim. Urals, Russian Acad. Sci., Ekaterinburg, Russia.)---Timing, numbers, and flight direction assessed 1987--1996. Suggest 2 migration routes over Western Siberia. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Golubev, S. V. 1997. [Some data on spring migration and staging areas of geese and swans at Rybinsk reservoir (Yaroslavl region, Russia).] Casarca 3: 319--325. (Yaroslavl State Univ., Yaroslavl, Russia.)---Results from a 1996 expedition. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Gudmundsson, G. A., & T. Alerstam. 1998. Why is there no transpolar bird migration? J. Avian Biol. 29: 93--96. (Dept. Anim.Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.)---Tracking radar studies in central polar basin in summer 1996 observed no bird migration. Absence perhaps because transpolar migration has little evolutionary advantage, or orientation difficulties prevent migration at the pole.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Gudmundsson, G. A., & T. Alestam. 1998. Optimal map projections for analysing long-distance migration routes. J. Avian Biol. 29: 597--605. (Icelandic Inst. Nat. Hist., P.O. Box 5320, IS-125 Reykjavik, Iceland.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Herremans, M. 1998. Strategies, punctuality of arrival and ranges of migrants in the Kalahari basin, Botswana. Ibis 140: 585--590. (Dept. Wildl. and Natl. Pks., Botswana.)---Birds arrive before summer rains.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Higuchi, H., et al. 1998. Satellite tracking of the migration of the Red-crowned Crane. Ecol. Res. 13: 273--282. (Lab. Wildl. Biol., Univ. Tokyo, Yaypi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.)---Confirms autumn migration routes of Grus japonensis from 2 breeding grounds.---H.N. {E524} {ROL #80}

{D904} Hockey, P. A. R., J. K. Turpie, & C. R. Velásquez. 1998. What selective pressures have driven the evolution of deferred northward migration by juvenile waders? J. Avian Biol. 29: 325--330. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa 7701.)---Low foraging proficiency of young waders may be an important factor.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Inoue, K. 1998. [Migration of Honey Buzzards in Goto-Retto Fukue-shima, Nagasaki Prefecture, western Japan.] Strix 16: 109--120. (Ehime Chapter Wild Bird Soc. Japan, Tani 5-356, Yawatahama City, Ehime 796-8037, Japan.)---Main autumn migration site of Pernis apivorus. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{D904} Inoue, K. 1998. [Spring migration of Honey Buzzards and Grey-faced Buzzard-Eagles in Tsushima, Nagasaki Prefecture (Japan).] Strix 16: 171--174. (Ehime Chapter Wild Bird Soc. Japan, Tani 5-356, Yawatahama City, Ehime 796-8037, Japan.)---Pernis apivorus, Butastur indicus. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{D904} Izhaki, I., & A. Maitav. 1998. Blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla stopping over at the desert edge; inter- and intra-sexual differences in spring and autumn migration. Ibis 140: 234--243. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Haifa, Il-36006 Tivon, Israel.)---Differences in timing and body condition.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Kasparek, M. 1997. On the migration of raptors through Yemen. Zool. Middle E. 15: 29--31. (Bleichstr. 1, 69120 Heidelburg, Germany.)---Evidence for a flight path over the entire Yemeni Tihamah.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{D904} Kontkanen, H. 1996. Autumn migration of arctic waterfowl in Finland, Estonia and northwestern Russia in 1993. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 32--41. (Koulukatu 27 A 6, FIN-80100 Joenuu, Finland.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Korovin, V. A. 1997. [On the spring migration of the Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus) in the steppes of Transuralye (Russia).] Casarca 3: 196--197. (A.M Gorky Ural State Univ., Ekaterinburg, Russia.)---(Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Kovalev, V. A. 1997. [The spring migration stopovers of geese in the region east of Leningrad (Russia).] Casarca 3: 315--318. (Nizhnesvirsky State Nat. Res., Leningrad Region, Russia.)---Mainly Anser albifrons and Anser fabalis. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Kuroiwa, T., et al. 1998. [The spring migration of Grey-faced Buzzard-Eagles in Kochi (Japan).] Strix 16: 121--126. (1-1-26 Kamobe, Kochi-shi, Kochi 780, Japan.)---More than 8000 individual Butastur indicus per season. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{D904} Laursen, K., E. Holm, & I. Sørensen. 1997. Pollen as a marker in migratory warblers, Sylviidae. Ardea 85: 223--231. (Nat. Environ. Res. Inst., Dept. Coastal Zone Ecol., Grenavej 12, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark.)---Mediterranean is important stop-over site for some warblers in spring.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Leshem, Y., & Y. YomTov. 1998. Routes of migrating soaring birds. Ibis 140: 41--52. (Soc Prot. Nat. Israel, 4 Hashfella St, Il-66183 Tel Aviv, Israel.)---Differences in spring and autumn routes through Israel explained by geomorphological and diurnal weather factors, and avoidance of crossing the Red Sea.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} McNamara, J., R. K. Welham, & A. I. Houston. 1998. The timing of migration within the context of an annual routine. J. Avian. Biol. 29: 416--423. (Sch. Math., Univ. Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TW, UK.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Morozov, V. V., & V. P. Belik. 1997. [New staging area of migrating Red-breasted Geese in the Volga-Ural interfluve (Russia).] Casarca 3: 162--166. (Russian Res. Inst. Nat. Prot., Moscow, Russia.)---4000--4500 Branta ruficollis (5--10% of the world population) found in April 1996. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Noskov, G. A. 1997. [On the problem of constancy of the stopover sites of geese in St. Petersburg region (Russia).] Casarca 3: 306--314. (Biol. Res. Inst, St. Petersburg State Univ., St. Petersberg, Russia.)---Long-term consistency of sites for Anser albifrons and Anser fabalis inferred from historical records. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Olioso, G. 1997. [The passage of Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina, Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris, and Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca in Provence (France).] Faune de Provence 18: 79--82. (Le Mail, F-26230 Grignan, France.)---Rare but regular migrants in spring and autumn passages. Data on weight and wing length. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {E116} {ROL #80}

{D904} Olioso, G. 1997. [The start of the prenuptial migration in the Grignan area, south-east France. First results.] Faune de Provence 18: 75--77. (Le Mail, F-26230 Grignan, France.)---Spring migration of thrushes starts in the first week of February. Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs is the most abundant species. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{D904} Ouweneel, G. L. 1997. [Accidental observations of Hobbies Falco subbuteo: ships that pass in the night.] Takkeling 5(2): 22--24. (Lijster 17, 3299 BT Maasdam, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Pilastro, A., et al. 1998. Spring migratory routes of eight trans-Saharan passerines through the central Mediterranean; results from a network of insular and coastal ringing sites. Ibis 140: 591--598. (Inst. Nazionale Fauna Selvatica, Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Summers, R. W. 1994. The migration patterns of the Purple Sandpiper Calidris maritima. Ostrich 65: 167--173. (Lismore, Mill Crescent, North Kessock, Inverness, Scotland.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Syroechkovski, E. E., & E. G. Lappo. 1994. Migration phenology of waders (Charadrii) on the Taimyr Peninsular, northern Russia. Ostrich 65: 181--190. (Int. Arctic Expedition, Inst. Evol. Morphol. Anim. Ecol., Russian Acad. Sci., Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Ueta, M., et al. 1998. Migration route of White-tailed Sea Eagles Haliaeetus albicilla in northeastern Asia. Ibis 140: 684--686. (Res. Cent., Wild Bird Soc. Japan, 2-35-2 Minamidaira, Hino, Tokyo 191, Japan.)---Satellite tracking of 2 individuals.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} van Zyl, A. J., A. R. Jenkins, & D. G. Allan. 1994. Evidence for seasonal movements by Rock Kestrels Falco tinnunculus and Lanner Falcons Falco biarmicus in South Africa. Ostrich 65: 111--121. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst. African Ornithol., Univ. Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Venema, P. 1997. [Migration of Whimbrels Numenius phaeopus in Drenthe {Netherlands} in 1980--95.] Drentse Vogels 10: 37--49. (Poelakkers 1, 9321 EW Peize, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{D904} Vogrin, M. 1997. [Occurrence and migration of raptors on the Dravsko polje (NE Slovenia). Falco 12: 31--34. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Engl. summ.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{D904} Vogrin, M. 1998. [Passage and occurence of the Ruff Philomachus pugnax at Dravsko polje (Slovenia).] Acrocephalus 19: 155--158. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{D904} Vogrin, M. 1998. [Passage and occurence of the Common Pochard Aythya ferina at Racki ribniki---Pozeg Landscape Park in NE Slovenia.] Acrocephalus 19: 109--114. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.) (Slovene, Eng. summ.) {C310} {ROL #80}

{D904} Volkov, S. V., et al. 1997. [Spring migration of geese in Moscow region.] Casarca 3: 326--346. (Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russian Acad. Sci., Moscow, Russia.)---Annual counts and timing of movements 1984--1997 for Anser albifrons, Anser fabalis, Anser anser and Anser erythropus. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D904} Yosef, R. 1997. Clues to the migratory routes of the eastern flyway of the western Palearctics---Ringing recoveries at Eilat, Israel. (I-Ciconiiformes, Charadriiformes, Coraciiformes, and Passeriformes.) Vogelwarte 39: 131--140. (Int. Bird Ctr., PO Box 774, Eilat 88106, Israel.)---Includes recovery maps for: White Stork Ciconia ciconia, Swallow Hirundo rustica, Sand Martin Riparia riparia, Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybia, Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca, and Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca.---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{D904} Yosef, R. 1998. Clues to the migratory routes of the eastern flyway of the western Palearctic-Ringing Recoveries at Eilat, Israel (II-Falconiformes). Vogelwarte 39: 203--208. (Int. Birdwatching Ctr., PO Box 774, Eilat 88106, Israel.)---Buteo buteo vulpinus, Accipiter brevipes. {ROL #80}

{D904} Zakharov, V. D., & N. N. Migun. 1997. [On the migration of the Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus) in the south Ural (Russia).] Casarca 3: 192--195. (Ilmen Nat. Res., Russian Acad. Sci., Miass, Russia.)---(Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D906} Bairlein, F. 1998. The effect of diet composition on migratory fueling in Garden Warblers Sylvia borin. J. Avian Biol. 29: 546--551. (Inst. Avian Res.,Vogelwarte Helgoland, An der Vogelwarte 21, D-26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Biebach, H. 1998. Phenotypic organ flexibility in Garden Warblers Sylvia borin during long-distance migration. J. Avian Biol. 29: 529--535. (Forsch. Ornithol. der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Arbeitsbereich Biol. Rhythmen und Verhalten, Von-der-Tann-Str. 7, D-82346 Andechs, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Fransson, T. 1998. Patterns of migratory fueling in Whitethroats Sylvia communis in relation to departure. J. Avian Biol. 29: 569--573. (Swedish Mus. Nat. Hist., Bird Ringing Ctr., Box 50 007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Izhaki, I., & A. Maitav. 1998. Blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla stopping over at the desert edge; physiological state and flight-range estimates. Ibis 140: 223--233. (Univ. Haifa, Dept. Biol., Il-36006 Tivon, Israel.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Jenni, L., & S. Jenni-Eiermann. 1998. Fuel supply and metabolic constraints in migrating birds. J. Avian Biol. 29: 521--528. (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Lindström, A. 1998. Mass and morphometrics of Little Stints Calidris minuta on autumn migration along the Arctic coast of Eurasia. Ibis 140: 171--174. (Lund Univ., Dept. Ecol., Ecol. Bldg., S-22362 Lund, Sweden.)---Stints generally carry small fat reserves at the beginning of migration.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{D906} Maitav, A., & I. Izhaki. 1994. Stopover and fat deposition by Blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla following spring migration over the Sahara. Ostrich 65: 160--166. (Dept. Biol., Univ. Haifa at Oranim, Tivon, 36910, Israel.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Merilá, J., & E. Svensson. 1997. Are fat reserves in migratory birds affected by condition in early life? J. Avian Biol. 28: 279--286. (Dep. Zool., Sect. Popul. Biol., Uppsala Univ., Villavagen 9, S-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.)---Strong inter-correlation between body condition and fat score in migrating Parus caeruleus. Nestling body condition may affect survival during autumn migration.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D906} Munro, U., & J. A. Munro. 1998. Migratory restlessness in the Yellow-faced Honeyeater Lichenostomus chrysops (Meliphagidae), an Australian diurnal migrant. Ibis 140: 599--604. (Zool. Dept., Univ. New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Nolet, B. A., & R. H. Drent. 1998. Bewick’s Swans refuelling on pondweed tubers in the Dvina Bay (White Sea) during their spring migration: first come, first served. J. Avian Biol. 29: 574--581. (Netherlands Inst. Ecol., Ctr. Limnol., P.O. Box 1299, 3600 Maarssen, the Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Piersma, T. 1998. Phenotypic flexibility during migration: optimization of organ size contingent on the risks and rewards of fueling and flight? J. Avian Biol. 29: 511--520. (Netherlands Inst. Sea Res. (NIOZ), P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{D906} Pilastro, A., & A. Magnani. 1997. Weather conditions and fat accumulation dynamics in pre-migratory roosting Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica. J. Avian Biol. 28: 338--344. (Dipto. Biol., Univ. Padova, via Trieste 75, I-35121 Padova, Italy.)---5-year study of >24000 individuals caught in northern Italy.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D906} Pilastro, A., & F. Spina. 1997. Ecological and morphological correlates of residual fat reserves in passerine migrants at their spring arrival in southern Europe. J. Avian Biol. 28: 309--318. (Dipto. Biol., Univ. Padova, via Trieste 75, I-35121 Padova, Italy.)---Study of 28 species of trans-Saharan migrants showing species-specific habits adopted to cross the Sahara and the Mediterranean. Distribution of preferred habitats south of the Sahara may constrain migration.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{D908} Åkesson, S., & T. Alestam. 1998. Oceanic navigation: are there any feasible geomagnetic bi-coordinate combinations for albatrosses? J. Avian Biol. 29: 618--625. (Dept. Anim.Ecol., Ecol. Bldg., SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{D908} Sandberg, R., & B. Holmquist. 1998. Orientation and long-distance migration routes: an attempt to evaluate compass cue limitations and required precision. J. Avian Biol. 29: 626--636. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{D908} Wehner, R. 1998. Navigation in context: grand theories and basic mechanisms. J. Avian Biol. 29: 370--386. (Dept. Zool., Univ. Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.) {ROL #80}

{D908} Wiltschko, W., P. Weindler, & R. Wiltschko. 1998. Interaction of magnetic and celestial cues in the migratory orientation of passerines. J. Avian Biol. 29: 606--617. (Fachbereich Biol. der Univ., Zool., Siesmayerstrasse 70, D-60054 Frankfurt a.M., Germany.) {ROL #80}

{E100} Fitzpatrick, S. 1998. Intraspecific variation in wing length and male plumage coloration with migratory behaviour in continental and island populations. J. Avian Biol. 29: 248--256. (Schl. Appl. Biol. & Chem. Sci., Univ. Ulster at Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK.) {ROL #80}

{E101} Lehto, H. 1998. The red magpies. Alula 4: 16--17. (c/o Alula, PO Box 85, FIN-02271 Espoo, Finland)---Colour photographs of Pica pica with aberrant plumage due to contamination.---E.H. {ROL #80}

{E101} Ulmer, A. 1998. Observation d’une Hirondelle de cheminee avec un croupion blanc au Cap D’Agde (Herault, France).] Bièvre 15: 89. (Square Jouffraix, 42140 Chazelles-sur-Lyon, France.)---Hirundo rustica with white rump. (French)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}

{E102} Prinzinger, R., A. Misovic, & T. Kleinschmidt. 1994. Analysis of blood components in Blue-naped Mousebirds Urocolius macrourus. Ostrich 65: 311--315. (AK Stoffwechselphysiologie, Univ. Frankfurt, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60323, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{E104} Witmer, M. C. 1999. Do avian frugivores absorb fruit sugars inefficiently? How dietary nutrient concentration can affect coefficients of digestive efficiency. J. Avian Biol. 30: 159--164. (Dep. Biol., Bryn Mawr Coll., Bryn Mawr, PA 19010, USA.)---For Cedar Waxwings Bombycilla cedrorum and three thrush species, fruits represent accessible, energy-rich foods from which nutrients are efficiently absorbed.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E106} Dekker, A. 1997. [Double-headed embryo of Common Buzzard Buteo buteo.] Takkeling 5(1): 70. (Toplicht 116, 8732 HG Groningen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E108} Piersma, T., & M. Ramenofsky. 1998. Long-term decreases of corticosterone in captive migrant shorebirds that maintain seasonal mass and moult cycles. J. Avian Biol. 29: 97--104. (Netherlands Inst. Sea Res. (NIOZ), P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands.)---2-yr study of Calidris canutus. {ROL #80}

{E108} Silverin, B., & J. C. Wingfield. 1998. Adrenocortical responses to stress in breeding Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca: relation to latitude, sex and mating status. J. Avian Biol. 29: 228--234. (Univ. Göteborg, Dept. Zool., Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.)---Measured by increases in plasma levels of corticosterone following capture and handling in S. and N. Sweden.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E110} Reynolds, S. J., & S. Waldron. 1999. Body water dynamics at the onset of egg-laying in the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata. J. Avian Biol. 30: 1--6. (Edward Grey Inst. Fld. Ornithol., Dep. Zool., Univ. Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OXI 3PS, UK.)---Experimental investigation of 10 hens using isotopic dilution of D₂O.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E114} Appert, O. 1995. [The downy plumage of mesitornithiform chicks.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 455--458. (Höchweid, CH-6106 Werthenstein, Switzerland.)---Mesitornis unicolor, Mesitornis variegatus, Monias benschi. (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E114} Bijlsma, R. G. 1997. [Feather anomalies in nestling Goshawks Accipiter gentilis caused by French moult?] Takkeling 5(3): 40--41. (Doldersummerweg 1, 7983 LD Wapse, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E114} Czapulak, A., & W. Plata. 1998. [Bill pattern variation in the Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus wintering in Poland.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 27--33. (Zaklad Ekologii Ptaków UWr., Sienkiewicza 21, 50--335 Wroclaw, Poland.)---Does not confirm idea of clinal variation. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {D108} {ROL #80}

{E114} Hill, G. E. 1998. Plumage redness and pigment symmetry in the House Finch. J. Avian Biol. 29: 86--92. (Dept. Zool. Wildl. Sci. & Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., 331 Funchess Hall, Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36849, USA.)---Symmetry of crown pigmentation was significantly related to body plumage redness, but symmetry of outer rectrices was not related to crown symmetry or plumage redness in 77--108 male Carpodacus mexicanus.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E114} Jakober, H., & W. Stauber. 1997. [Frequent losses of rectrices in Red-backed Shrikes Lanius collurio: Is it a matter of a summer moult?] J. Ornithol. 138: 497--503. (Friedrichstr. 8/1, D-73329 Kuchen, Germany.)---Birds that hunt in dense vegetation may lose rectrices easily as an adaptation against adherence. (German, Engl. summary.)---P.H.B. {ROL #80}

{E114} Muskens, G. 1997. [Missing rectrices in Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus.] Takkeling 5(3): 12--15. (van Nispenstraat 4, 6561 BG Groesbeek, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E114} Ottens, H. J., H. Jansman, & R. Speelman. 1997. [Feather anomalies in Goshawk Accipiter gentilis nestling probably caused by genetic defect.] Takkeling 5(2): 12--16. (Bekemaheerd 4, 9737 PT Groningen, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E114} Senar, J. C., et al. 1998. Successive removal of individual rectrices does not influence the subsequent growth of the replacement feathers in the Great Tit Parus major. Ibis 140: 522--523. (Mus. Zool., Ap. Correus 593, 08080 Barcelona, Spain.) {ROL #80}

{E116} Barbraud, C., & P. Jouventin. 1998. What causes body size variation in the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea? J. Avian Biol. 29: 161--171. (Ctr. d’Études Biol. de Chizé, Ctr. Natl. de la Rech. Sci., F-79 360 Villiers en Bois, France.)---Examination of body size, mating system, and possible hybridization between two types of Snow Petrel in Antarctic supported hypothesis that sexual selection has led to sexual dimorphism in the species.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Carbonell, R., & J. L. Tellería. 1998. Increased asymmetry of tarsus-length in three populations of Blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla as related to proximity to range boundary. Ibis 140: 331--333. (Dept. Anim. Biol., Univ. Fac Biol., Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.)---Asymmetry may fluctuate in response to environmental stress during development.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Craig, A. J. F. K., & M. H. Villet. 1998. Sexual dimorphism and tail-length in widowbirds and bishopbirds (Ploceidae: Euplectes spp): a reassessment. Ibis 140: 137--143. (Rhodes Univ., Dept. Zool. and Entomol., PO Box 94, Za-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.)---No evidence for sexual selection in the evolution of tail-length or wing-length in these birds was found with larger data sets.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Faivre, B., et al. 1999. Morphological variation and the recent evolution of wing length in the Icterine Warbler: a case of unidirectional introgression? J. Avian Biol. 30: 152--158. (Univ. Bourgogne, Lab. Ecol. Evol., UMR-CNRS 5561, 6 Bd. Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France.)---Genetic introgression from the Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta into the Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina population is a likely explanation for the decline of the latter in eastern Burgundy (France).---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Gavrilov, V. V. 1998. [Morphometric characteristics in waders breeding at north-east Yakutia (Russia).] Ornithologia 28: 200--207. (N.K. Koltsov Inst. Dev. Biol., Russian Acad. Sci., Vavilova St. 26, Moscow 117334, Russia.)---Wing morphology in 17 wader species shows the same scaling rules as other bird species; tarsus length scales differently than in other birds (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Kok, O. B., & J. M. van Zyl. 1996. Body mass of birds from central South Africa. Ostrich 67: 160--162. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Univ. Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.)---Data for 40 species.---R.M.W. {ROL #80}

{E116} Lockwood, R., J. P. Swaddle, & J. M. V. Rayner. 1998. Avian wingtip shape reconsidered: wingtip shape indices and morphological adaptations to migration. J. Avian Biol. 29: 273--292. (Com. Evol. Biol., Univ. Chicago, Culver Hall, Room 402, 1025 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.) {ROL #80}

{E116} Loonen, M. J. J. E., K. Oosterbeek, & R. H. Drent. 1997. Variation in growth of young and adult size in Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis: evidence for density dependence. Ardea 85: 177--192. (Zool. Lab., Univ. Groningen, P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{E116} McGowan, P. 1998. Weights of some birds from the Malaysian forest floor. Forktail 14: 78. (WWT Wetland Ctr., Castle Espie, Ballydrain Rd., Comber, Newtownards, BT23 6EA, UK.)---Malaysian Peacock Pheasant Polyplectron malacense, Crested Partridge Rollulus roulroul, Black Partridge Melanoperdix nigra, Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica, Garnet Pitta Pitta granatina.---I.C.R. {ROL #80}

{E116} Mitrus, C., R. Kuczborski, & J. Slupek. 1998. [Autumn passage of the Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos in the Bug River valley---dynamics and biometry.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 13--26. (Zaklad Zoologii WSRP, Prusa 12, 08--110 Siedlce, Poland.)---E Poland, 1986--1990, bill, head, wing and tarsus length, and body weight of 300--600 juveniles and adults. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{E116} Rakotomanana, H. 1998. Negative relationship between relative tarsus and wing lengths in Malagasy rain forest birds. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 1--10. (Dept. Zool., Fac. Sci., Kyoto Univ., Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.)---Morphological characteristics of 32 species were analyzed with regard to their foraging behavior.---H.N. {ROL #80}

{E116} Ruiz, X., et al. 1998. Body size variation in Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii; a density-dependent effect? Ibis 140: 431--438. (Dept. Biol. Anim. Vert., Univ. Barcelona, Avgda. Diagonal 645, E- 08028 Barcelona, Spain.)---Body size has diminished significantly over 13 years at the Chafarinas Islands, probably because of changes in environmental constraints.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Savalli, U. M. 1994. Sexual dimorphism and sex ratio in the Yellow-shouldered Widowbird Euplectes macrourus soror. Ostrich 65: 297--301. (Dept. Integrative Biol., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.) {B714} {ROL #80}

{E116} Senar, J. C., & J. Pascual. 1997. Keel and tarsus length may provide a good predictor of avian body size. Ardea 85: 269--274. (Mus. Zool., Apt. Correus 593, 08080 Barcelona, Spain.)---Sum of standardized keel and tarsus length is reliable predictor of avian body mass.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{E116} Wendeln, H., P. H. Becker, & M. Wagener. 1997. [Relationships between body mass and size in mates of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo).] Vogelwarte 39: 141--148. (Inst. f. Vogelforschung " Vogelwarte Helgoland", An der Vogelwarte 21, D-26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.)---Body size not correlated with body mass; males larger than females only in bill length. (German, Engl. summ.)---K.-M.E. {ROL #80}

{E118} Bruinzeel, L. W., & T. Piersma. 1998. Cost reduction in the cold: heat generated by terrestrial locomotion partly substitutes for thermoregulation costs in Knot Calidris canutus. Ibis 140: 323--328. (Zool. Lab., Univ. Groningen, PO Box 14, Nl-9750 Aa Haren, Netherlands.) {ROL #80}

{E118} Dawson, A. 1998. Photoperiodic control of the termination of breeding and the induction of moult in House Sparrows Passer domesticus. Ibis 140: 35--40. (ITE, Monk's Wood, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon PE17 2LS, UK.)---Experimental demonstration that absolute and relative photorefractoriness are based on different underlying mechanisms.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E118} Dyachenko, V. P. 1998. Population differences in circadian rhythms of activity in Chaffinches: contribution of migratory condition. Ornithologia 28: 208--211. (Biol. Stat. Rybachy, Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci., St Petersburg 119034, Russia.)---Circadian rhythms appear to control condition in migratory populations of Fringilla coelebs---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E118} Galbraith, H., et al. 1999. Age-related changes in efficiency among breeding Common Terns Sterna hirundo: measurement of energy expenditure using doubly-labelled water. J. Avian Biol. 30: 85--96. (Hagler Bailly Consult. Inc., PO Drawer O, Boulder, Colorado 80306-1906, USA.)---No relationship found between male age and energy expenditure.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E118} Gavrilov, V. M. 1998. Effect of temperature on energetics of the Chaffinch as energetic model of a homeothermic animal. Ornithologia 28: 172--191. (Dept. Vert. Zool.Gen. Ecol., Moscow State Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia.)---Experimentally determined full energy model for Fringilla coelebs.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E118} Keller, T. 1997. Estimating the daily energy expenditure of wintering cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) in Bavaria, Southern Germany---methods and handling. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 26: 269--278. (Tech. Univ. München, Angewandte Zool., Block III, D-85350 Freising/Weihenstephan, Germany.)---Daily energy expenditure measured using the doubly labeled water technique. Mean values were 2025 kJ/d for free-ranging birds and 1263 kJ/d for caged birds.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E118} Kvist, A., M. Klaassen, & Å. Lindström. 1998. Energy expenditure in relation to flight speed: what is the power of mass loss rate estimates? J. Avian Biol. 29: 485--498. (Dept. Anim. Ecol., Lund Univ., Ecol. Bldg., SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.) {ROL #80}

{E118} Niizuma, Y., A. Takahashi, & Y. Watanuki. 1999. Energy expenditure of incubating Leach's Storm-petrels in artificial nest-boxes in the wild. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 49--53. (Lab. Appl. Zool., Fac. Agr., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo 060-0808, Japan.)---Oceanodroma leucorhoa. {B710} {ROL #80}

{E118} Smith, R. D., & N. B. Metcalfe. 1997. Diurnal, seasonal and altitudinal variation in energy reserves of wintering Snow Buntings. J. Avian Biol. 28: 216--222. (Appl. Ornithol. Unit, Graham Kerr Bldg, Inst. Biomed. & Life Sci., Univ. Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.)---Plectrophenax nivalis. {ROL #80}

{E120} Pellatt, E. J. 1998. Changes in the size and content of sperm storage tubules during the breeding cycle of the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata. Ibis 140: 528--530. (Dept. Anim. and Plant Sci., Univ. Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.) {ROL #80}

{E124} Daicker, B., et al. 1996. [Structure and function of the nictitating membrane in the Rose Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber roseus.] Ornithol. Beob. 93: 59--68. (Univ.-Augenklinik, Postfach, CH-4012 Basel, Switzerland) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E124} Katzir, G., & G. R. Martin. 1998. Visual fields in the Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax: nocturnality does not result in owl-like features. Ibis 140: 157--162. (Univ. Haifa, Dept. Biol., Il-36910 Oranim, Israel.)---Large eyes, compared with those of diurnally active species, do not increase binocular vision.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E124} Li, D.-F., X.-B. Wang & L.-B. Fu. 1997. [The neural connections between neostriatum field L complex and vocal control system in a songbird (Emberiza rutila).] Acta Zool. Sinica 43: 356--360. (Sch. Life Sci., NE Normal Univ., Changchun 130024, China.)---A morphological basis for song learning may exist by auditory feedback and auditory-motor integration. (Chinese, Engl. summ.)---K.E. {ROL #80}

{E124} Zuo, M.-X. 1998. [Efferent projections of thalamical auditory nuclei in Ring Dove.] Acta Zool. Sinica 44: 35--40. (Dept. Biol., Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing 100875, China)---Streptopelia risoria. (Chinese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E126} Brown, C. R. 1994. Ageing of Red Bishops from endosteal layers in their bones. Ostrich 65: 334--337. (Dept. Zool. Entomol., Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.)---Euplectes orix. {D704} {ROL #80}

{E300) Dirrigl, Jr., F. J. 1998. Zooarchaeology and taphonomy of gallinaceous birds in the Northeastern United States. Ph.D. dissert., Univ. Connecticut, Storrs CT. (361 Tolland Tpke, Willington CT 06279-1518 USA; EM: fdirrigl@worldnet.att.net)---First application of measuring bone mineral density of gallinaceous birds using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to examine differential survivability of skeletal elements in prehistoric and paleontological samples. Also examines differential identifiability of skeletal elements, annotating characteristics presented by Gilbert et al. (1981) Avian Osteology.---F.J.D. {ROL #80}

{E304} Mayr, G., & D. S. Peters. 1999. On the systematic position of the Middle Eocene swift Aegialornis szarskii Peters 1985 with description of a new swift-like bird from Messel (Aves, Apodiformes). Neues Jahrb. Geol. Paläontol. Monh. 1999: 312--320. (Dept. Ornithol., Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germany) {ROL #80}

{E304} Mayr, G., & D. S. Peters. 1998. The mousebirds (Aves: Coliiformes) from the Middle Eocene of Grube Messel (Hessen, Germany). Senckenb. Lethaea 78: 179--197. (Dept. Ornithol., Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25 Germany.) {ROL #80}

{E304} Mayr, G., & M. Daniels. 1998. Eocene parrots from Messel (Hessen, Germany) and the London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, England). Senckenb. Lethaea 78: 157--177. (Dept. Ornithol., Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, Germany.) {ROL #80}

{E304} Mayr, G. 1998. A new family of Eocene zygodactyl birds. Senckenb. Lethaea 78: 199--209. (Dept. Ornithol., Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germany.) {ROL #80}

{E304} Mayr, G. 1998. [Small "coraciiform" and "piciform" birds from the Middle Eocene of Grube Messel (Hessen, Germany).] Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 205: 1--101. (Dept. Ornithol., Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, Germany.) (German, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E306} Boles, W. E. 1999. A new songbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Oriolodae [sic]) from the Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Alcheringa 23: 52--56. (Div. Vert. Zool., Aust. Mus., 6 College St., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.)---Longimornis robustirostrata based on complete mandible.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{E308} Ericson, P. G. P., & F. H. Carrasquilla. 1997. Subspecific identity of prehistoric Baltic Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo. Ardea 85: 1--7. (Swedish Mus. Nat. Hist., P.O. Box 50007, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden)---Subspecies sinensis breeds in Baltic, but only subspecies carbo known from prehistory.---R.G.B. {ROL #80}

{E308} Worthy, T. H. 1998. Quaternary fossil faunas of Otago, South Island, New Zealand. J. Roy. Soc. NZ 28: 421--521. (Palaeofaunal Surveys, 43 The Ridgeway, Nelson, New Zealand.)---Terrestrial faunas, primarily birds, from three inland districts of Otago.---H.D.P. {ROL #80}

{E308} Worthy, T. H. 1998. The Quaternary fossil avifauna of Southland, South Island, New Zealand. J. Roy. Soc. NZ 28: 537--589. (Palaeofaunal Surveys, 43 The Ridgeway, Nelson, New Zealand.)---Describes all known Late Quaternary fossil avifaunas from cave, swamp and dune deposits (58 native species).---H.D.P. {ROL #80}

{E506} Balmer, D. E., & W. J. Peach. 1997. Review of natural avian mortality rates. BTO Res. Report 175. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK.)---From ringing recoveries.---L.K.G. {ROL #80}

{E506} Ellis, P., N. Ratcliffe, & D. Suddaby. 1998. Seasonal variation in diurnal attendance and response to playback by Leach's Petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa on Gruney, Shetland. Ibis 140: 336--339. (RSPB, The Lodge, Sandy SG19 2DL, Beds, UK.)---Censussing by this technique should be carried out in mid-June.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E506} Evans, J. 1993. Temporal and spatial variation in low tide counts of wildfowl and waders on selected estuaries in Great Britain. BTO Res. Report 122. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK.)---Includes a practical count methodology.---L.K.G. {ROL #80}

{E506} Ishida, K., & M. Takashi. 1998. Estimation of relative population density and home range of the Amani Woodcock.] Strix 16: 73--88. (Univ. For., Univ. Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.)---Night censuses compared to telemetry of a single Scolopax mira. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{E506} Kanzaki, T., et al. 1998. [An experiment in counting the number of Greater Scaup by aerial photographs.] Strix 16: 143--147. . (Japanese Soc. Preservation Birds, 2-5-5 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan.)---Flocks of Aythya marila on the sea accurately counted from 450 m. (Japanese, Engl. summ.)---B.M. {ROL #80}

{E506} Kucharski, R. 1998. [Methods of estimating numbers of breeding pairs of the Kingfisher Alcedo atthis.] Notatki Ornitol. 39: 105--110. (Jaru¿yñska 5/52, 85--792 Bydgoszcz, Poland.)---Criteria to assess hole occupation. (Polish, Engl. summ.)---T.W. {ROL #80}

{E506} Little, R. M., & T. M. Crowe. 1992. Vocal behaviour of Grey-wing Francolin Francolinus africanus can be used to estimate population density. Ostrich 63: 98--109. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{E506} Marchant, J., C. Forrest & J. J. D. Greenwood. 1998. A review of large-scale generic population monitoring schemes in Europe (2^nd ed.). BTO Res. Report 165. (British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK.) {C914} {ROL #80}

{E506} Musgrove, A. J., & S. J. Holloway. 1997. Counting waterfowl on large estuaries at low tide. BTO Res. Report 178. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK.)---Methods for surveying birds.---L.K.G. {ROL #80}

{E506} Musgrove, A. J. 1998. Validation of the WeBS methodology---The relationship between Waterfowl counts carried out at high and low tide. BTO Res. Rep. No. 190. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2PU, UK.)---The difference between low and high tide counts depends on intertidal area, implying detectability is why low tide counts are significantly lower for most wader species. High tide counts should be continued for monitoring estuary waterfowl populations---A.R. {ROL #80}

{E506} Pomeroy, D. E., & C. Dranzoa. 1997. Methods of studying the distribution, diversity and abundance of birds in East Africa---some quantitative approaches. Afr. J. Ecol. 35: 110--123. (Makerere Univ., O. Box 7298, Kampala, Uganda.)---Mainly a comparison of Transect and Timed Species Counts.---D.E.P. {ROL #80}

{E506} Reed, J. M., N. Warnock, & L. W. Oring. 1996. Censusing shorebirds in the western Great Basin of North America. Int. Wader Stud. 9: 29--36. (Dept. Biol., Tufts Univ., Medford, MA 02455, USA.)---Recommendations for census methods and monitoring plans.---D.G.H. {ROL #80}

{E506} Vogrin, M. 1999. [Comparison between two different methods for estimating numbers of pairs of the breeding Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis, Common Coot Fulica atra, and Coomon Moorhen Gallinula chloropus.] Acrocephalus 20: 45--49. (Hotinjska c. 108, SI-2312 Orehova vas, Slovenia.)---Number of counted pairs and numbers of found nests. (Slovene, Eng. summ.)---M.V. {ROL #80}

{E508} Petersen, M. R. 1996. Satellite telemetry locates wintering Spectacled Eiders. Wetlands Int. Seaduck Specialist Group Bull. 6: 7--8. (Alaska Sci. Cent., US Geol. Surv., 1011 E Tudor Rd., Alaska 99503, USA.) {ROL #80}

{E509} Rozenfeld, S. B. 1997. [The use of the method of coprological analysis for studying arctic geese diet during breeding period.] Casarca 3: 38--52. (Moscow State Univ., Biol. Dept., Moscow, Russia.)---Fecal pellet analysis adapted for Arctic field conditions. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E510} Harrison, J. A., D. G. Allan, & H. J. van Hensbergen. 1994. Automated habitat annotation of bird species lists---an aid to environmental consultancy. Ostrich 65: 316--328. (Avian Demography Unit, Dept. Statistical Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{E512} Malan, G., & G. Learmonth. 1992. Mouth smears, a practical cell sampling technique for sex determination of birds. Ostrich 63: 131--133. (Percy FitzPatrick Inst., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{E514} Browne, S. J., G. E. Austin, & M. M. Rehfisch. 1995. Evaluation of bird monitoring requirements for the United Kingdom’s non-estuarine coastline. BTO Res. Report 158. (BTO, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK.)---Minimal sampling regime.---L.K.G. {ROL #80}

{E514} Wanless, S., et al. 1997. Modeling environmental and energetic effects on feeding performance and distribution of shags (Phalocrocorax aristotelis): integrating telemetry, geographical information systems and modeling techniques. ICES J. Marine Sci. 54: 524--544. (ITE, Hill of Brathens, Banchory, Kincardineshire AB31 4BY, Scotland, UK.) {ROL #80}

{E515} Elts, J., & J. Aua. 1998. How to determine the number of occupied burrows in Sand Martin colonies. Hirundo 11: 53. (Postkast 227, Tartu EE2400, Estonia)---Riparia riparia.---T.K.T. {ROL #80}

{E515} Hatano, I. 1999. Goshawk breeding on a man-made nest constructed in a fir tree. Jap. J. Ornithol. 47: 119--120. (2147-1104 Nagakura, Karuizawa, Nagano 389-0111, Japan.)---Accipiter gentilis. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E515} McRae, S. B. 1997. Identifying eggs of conspecific brood parasites in the field: a cautionary note. Ibis 139: 701--704. (Dept. Zool., Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK)---Within-clutch variation in egg appearance often greater than between host and parasitic eggs in Moorhen Gallinula chloropus.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E515} Potters, H. 1997. [Determining the number of nestlings on Hobby Falco subbuteo nests from the ground: reasonably reliable but time-consuming.] Takkeling 5(2): 25--26. (Robijndijk 42, 4706 LW Roosendaal, Netherlands.) (Dutch, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E515} Yasuaki, N., & T. Akinori. 1998. [An artificial nest box for burrow-nesting Leach's Storm Petrels.] Strix 16: 152--155. (Lab. Appl. Zool., Fac. Agric., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo 060, Japan.)---Oceanodroma leucorhoa. (Japanese, Engl. summ.) {ROL #80}

{E516} Brown, K. P., et al. 1998. Identifying predators at nests of small birds in a New Zealand forest. Ibis 140: 274--279. (Ecosyst Consultants, PO Box 6161, Dunedin, New Zealand.)---Using time-lapse video.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E518} Evans, S. W., L. Lotter, & H. Bouwman. 1995. A technique for obtaining small volumes of blood from birds. Ostrich 66: 34--35. (Dept. Zool., Potchefstroom Univ. CHE, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.) {ROL #80}

{E518} Pop, O. 1995. [Assessing human disturbance effects through physiological parameters.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 257--268. (Inst. f. Vogelforsch. 'Vogelwarte Helgoland', P. O. Box 1220, D-27494 Helgoland, Germany.)---Review. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{E520} Fankhauser, T. 1995. [Breeding Rooks Corvus frugilegus and problems associated with them in the town of Berne, Switzerland.] Ornithol. Beob. 92: 59--68. (Zool. Inst. Univ. Bern, Baltzerstr. 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.)---Data on breeding success for the second-largest Swiss population with 103 pairs. Discusses problems with noise. (German, Engl. summ.)---V.K. {ROL #80}

{E524} Baker, J., & J. Clarke. 1999. Radio-tagging and the Eastern Bristlebird: methodology and effects. Corella 23: 25--32. (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.)---After being tagged, Dasyornis brachypterus may take a few hours before they begin to move about normally, but they recover within a day.---I.D.E. {ROL #80}

{E524} Hill, I. F., B. H. Cresswell, & R. E. Kenward. 1999. Field-testing the suitability of a new back-pack harness for radio-tagging passerines. J. Avian Biol. 30: 135--142. (Edward Grey Inst., Dept. Zool., S. Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K)---Back-packs had little effect on the breeding of 33 Blackbirds Turdus merula and 6 Song Thrushes Turdus philomelos.---R.T.B. {ROL #80}

{E524} Meyburg, B.-U., et al. 1995. Year-round movements of a Wahlberg's Eagle Aquila wahlbergi tracked by satellite. Ostrich 66: 135--140. (World Working Group Birds Prey, Wangenheimstr. 32, 14193, Berlin, Germany.) {D902} {ROL #80}

{E526} Dickman, C. R., et al. 1994. Captures of birds in mammal traps; chance or opportunism? Ostrich 65: 345--348. (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.) {ROL #80}

{E526} Gurtovaya, E. N. 1997. [Individual marking of geese and swans in Russia.] Casarca 3: 19--36. (Moscow Bird Ringing Ctr., Russia.)---Systematic list of colour marking schemes. (Russian, Engl. summ.)---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E526} Koenig, P. 1997. [European color marking programmes.] Schoeniclus 2: 43--79. (48 r. d'Offendorf, F-67850 Herrlisheim, France.)---List and description of marks of 261 programmes on 124 species. (French, Engl. summ.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{E526} Olioso, G. 1997. [1996 Provence (France) ringing report.] Faune de Provence 18: 83--88. (Le Mail, F-26230 Grignan, France.)---2,130 birds of 117 species. Major species are Phoenicopterus ruber (800 chicks ringed), Turdus iliacus (581 flying birds) and Egretta garzetta (575 chicks). Includes a selection of recoveries. (French.)---G.O. {ROL #80}

{E526} Payevsky, V. A., & A. P. Shapoval. 1998. Ringing efficiency of birds depending on their species, sex, age, season, and place of ringing. Ornithologia 28: 212--218. (Biol. Stat. Rybachy, Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci., St Petersburg 119034, Russia.)---Numbers of birds ringed were not directly correlated with numbers recovered for14 migratory species, apparently owing to large annual differences in recovery rate.---J.K.B. {ROL #80}

{E526} Saadaoui, E. M. 1998. Liste des controles et reprises d’oiseaux bagues relaises ou signales par le GOMAC en 1996. Porphyrio 9: 51--64. (Faculté des Sciences de Meknes, Dept. Biol., B.P. 4010, Beni-M’Hamed, 50.003, Meknes, Morocco.)---List of banded birds recaptured and reported in Morocco in 1996. (French)---F.M.P. {ROL #80}