I. NEOCLASSICAL GE WITH INCREASING RETURNS AND IMPERFECT COMPETITION
A. Neoclassical General Equilibrium with Increasing Returns to Scale
-M. Quinzii (1992). Increasing Returns and Efficiency. New York: OUP.
1. Characterization of Production Under IRS
-A. Young (1928). “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”. EJ; V.38-#152, pp. 527-542.
-G. Hanoch (1975). “The Elasticity of Scale and the Shape of Average Costs”. AER; V.65-#3, pp. 492-497.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1987). “On the Concepts of Returns to Scale”. EcLets; V.23-#?, pp. 329-334.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1989). “Returns to Scale under Non-Homotheticity and Homotheticity and the Shape of Average Cost”. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Staatswissenschaft; V.145-#2, pp. 367-388.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1989). “Factor Prices and the Shape of Average Costs with Special References to International Trade”. JIEI; V.4-#2, pp. 1-7.
-B. Cornet (1988). “Topological Properties of the Set of Attainable Production Plans in a Nonconvex Production Economy”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 275-292.
-W.P. Heller (1977). “Continuity in General Nonconvex Economies (with Applications to the Convex Case”. in G. Schwödiauer, ed. Equilibrium and Disequilibrium in Economic Theory. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, pp. 27-38.
-P. Beato (1982). “The Existence of Marginal Cost Pricing Equilibria with Increasing Returns”. QJE; V.97-#?, pp. 669-689.
-P. Beato and A. Mas-Colell (1985). “On Marginal Cost Pricing with Given Tax Subsidy Rules”. JET; V.37-#?, pp. 356-365.
-D. Brown, G. Heal, A.M. Kahn and R. Vohra (1986). “On a General Existence Theorem for Marginal Cost Pricing Equilibria”. JET; V.38-#?, pp. 371-379.
-K. Kamiya (1988). “On the Survival Assumption in Marginal Cost Pricing”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 261-274.
-J. Bonnisseau and B. Cornet (1990). “Existence of Marginal Cost Pricing Equilibria in an Economy with Several Non-Convex Firms”. Etrica; V.58-#?, pp. 661-820.
-J. Bonnisseau and B. Cornet (1990). “Existence of Marginal Cost Pricing: The Nonsmooth Case”. IER; V.31-#?, pp. 685-708.
-B. Cornet (1989). “Existence of Equilibria in Economies with Increasing Returns”. Chapter 4 in B. Cornet and H. Tulkens, eds. Contributions to Operations Research and Econometrics. Cambridge: MIT, pp. 79-97.
b. General Pricing Rules with Bounded Loss
-E. Dierker, R. Guesnerie, and W. Neuefeind (1985). “General Equilibrium when Some Firms Follow Special Pricing Rules”. Etrica; V.
-J. Bonnisseau and B. Cornet (1988). “Existence of Equilibria when Firms Follow Bounded Losses Pricing Rules”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 119-148.
-K. Kamiya (1988). “Existence and Uniqueness of Equilibria with Increasing Returns”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 149-178.
-R. Vohra (1988). “On the Existence of Equilibria in Economies with Increasing Returns: A Synthesis”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 179-192.
-J. Bonniesseau (1988). “On Two Existence Resuts of Equilibria in Economies with Increasing Returns”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 193-207.
-P. Dehez and J. Drèze (1988). “Competitive Equilibria with Quantity-taking Producers and Increasing Returns”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 209-230.
-P. Dehez and J. Drèze (1988). “Distributive Production Sets and Equilibria with Increasing Returns”. JMathE; V.17-#?, pp. 231-248.
-J. Bonnisseau and B. Cornet (1991). “General Equilibrium Theory with Increasing Returns: The Existence Problem”. in W. Barnett, et al. eds. Equilibrium Theory and Applications. Cambridge: CUP, pp. 65-82.
-J. Bonnisseau (1992). “Existence of Equilibria in the Presence of Increasing Returns: A Synthesis”. JMathE; V.21-#?, pp. 441-452.
-W. Sharkey (1979). “Existence of a Core when there are Increasing Returns”. Etrica; V.47-#?, pp. 869-876.
-M. Quinzii (1982). “An Existence Theorem for the Core of an Economy with Increasing Returns”. JET; V.28-#?, pp. 32-50.
-T. Ischiishi and M. Quinzii (1983). “Decentralization for the Core of an Economy with Increasing Returns”. IER; V.24-#?, pp. 397-412.
-T. Rader (1970). “Resource Allocation with Increasing Returns to Scale”. AER; V.60-#?, pp. 814-825.
-R. Guesnerie (1975). “Pareto Optimality in Non-Convex Economies”. Etrica; V.43-#1, pp. 1-30.
-X. Calsamiglia (1977). “Decentralized Resource Allocation and Increasing Returns”. JET; V.14-#?, pp. 263-283.
-D. Brown and G. Heal (1979). “Equity, Efficiency and Increasing Returns”. REStud; V.46-#?, pp. 571-585.
-D. Brown and G. Heal (1980). “Two Part Tariffs, Marginal Cost Pricing and Increasing Returns”. JPubE; V.13-#?, pp. 25-49
-D. Brown and G. Heal (1985). “The Optimality of Regulated Pricing: A General Equilibrium Analysis”. in C. Aliprantis, O. Burkinshaw and N. Rothman, eds. Advances in Equilibrium Theory. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 43-54.
-E. Dierker (1986). “When Does Marginal Cost Pricing Lead to Pareto Efficiency”. ZfN; Supplement, pp. 41-66.
-A. Khan and R. Vohra (1987). “An Extension of the Second Welfare Theorem to Economies with Non-Convexities and Public Goods”. QJE; V.102-#?, pp. 223-241.
-A. Khan and R. Vohra (1988). Pareto Optimal Allocations of Non-Convex Economies in Locally Convex Spaces”. Nonlinear Analysis; V.12-#?, pp. 943-950.
-J. Bonnisseau and B. Cornet (1988). “Valuation Equilibrium and Pareto Optimum in Non-Convex Economies”. JMathE: V.17-#?, pp. 293-315.
-R. Guesnerie (1989). “First-Best Allocation of Resources with Nonconvexities in Production”. Chapter 5 in B. Cornet and H. Tulkens, eds. Contributions to Operations Research and Econometrics. Cambridge: MIT, pp. 99-143.
B. General Equilibrium under Imperfect Competition
-T. Negishi (1961). “Monopolistic Competition and General Equilibrium”. REStud; V.28-#?, pp. 196-201.
-K. Arrow (1971). “The Firm in General Equilibrium Theory”. in R. Marris and A. Wood, eds. The Corporate Economy: Growth, Competition and Innovative Potential. Cambridge: Harvard.
-K. Arrow and F. Hahn (1971). “General Equilibrium under Alternative Conditions”. Chapter 6 in General Competitive Analysis. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
-A. Mas-Colell (1982). “The Cournotian Foundations of Walrasian Equilibrium Theory: An Exposition of Recent Theory”. in W. Hildenbrand, ed. Advances in Economic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 183-224.
-O. Hart (1985). “Imperfect Competition in General Equilibrium: An Overview of Recent Work”. in K. Arrow and S. Honkapohja, eds. Frontiers of Economics. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 100-177.
1. Objective Demand with Quantity-Setting Firms
-J.J. Gabszewicz and J.P. Vial (1972). “Oligopoly `a la Cournot` in General Equilibrium Analysis”. JET; V.4-#?, pp. 381-400.
-F. Fitzroy (1974). “Monopolistic Equilibrium, Non-Convexity and Inverse Demand”. JET; V.7-#1, pp. 1-16.
-J. Roberts and H. Sonnenschein (1977). “On the Foundations of the Theory of Monopolistic Competition”. Etrica; V.45-#1, pp. 101-113.
-R. Cornwall (1977). “The Concept of General Equilibrium in a Market Economy with Imperfectly Competitive Producers”. Metroeconomica; V.29-#?, pp. 57-72.
-K. Roberts (1980). “The Limit Points of Monopolistic Competition”. JET; V.22-#?, pp. 256-278.
-V. Bohm, E. Maskin, H. Polemarchakis and A. Postelwaite (1983). “Monopolistic Quantity Rationing”. QJE; V.98 (supplement), pp. 189-197.
-P. Madden and J. Silvestre (1992). “Imperfect Competition and Fixprice Equilibria under Consumer Aggregation and Net Substitutes”. ScanJE; V.94-#1, pp. 103-11.
2. Objective Demand with Price-Setting Firms
-T. Marschak and R. Selten (1974). General Equilibrium with Price-Setting Firms. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
-T. Marschak and R. Selten (1978). “Restabilizing Responses, Inertia Supergames, and Oligopolistic Equilibria”. QJE; V.?-#1, pp. 71-93.
-T. Marschak and R. Selten (1977). “Oligopolistic Economies as Games of Limited Information”. Zeitschrift für die Gesamte Staatswissenschaft; V.133-#3, pp. 385-409.
-J. Silvestre (1977). “A Model of General Equilibrium with Monopolistic Behavior”. JET; V.16-#?, pp. 425-442.
-O. Hart (1982). “A Model of Imperfect Competition with Keynesian Features”. QJE; V.97-#?, pp. 109-138.
-J.P. Benassy (1988). “The Objective Demand Curve in General Equilibrium with Price-Makers”. EJ; V.98 (supplement), pp. 37-49.
-P. Madden and J. Silvestre (1991). “Imperfect Competition and Fixprice Equilibria when Goods are Gross Substitutes”. ScanJE; V.93-#4, pp. 479-494.
3. Imperfect Competition and IRS
-J. Silvestre (1977). “General Monopolistic Equilibrium under Non-Convexities”. IER; V.18-#2, pp. 425-434.
-J. Silvestre (1978). “Increasing Returns in General Non-Competitive Analysis”. Etrica; V.46-#?, pp. 397-402.
II.TRADE AND TRADE POLICY WITH INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE
A. Economies of Scale, Trade and Trade Policies
-P. Krugman (1987). “Increasing Returns and the Theory of International Trade”. in T. Bewley, ed. Advances in Economic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 301-328.
-E. Helpman (1984). “Increasing Returns, Imperfect Markets and Trade Theory”. in R. Jones and P. Kenen, eds. Handbook of International Economics (vol. 1). Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 325-365.
1. Trade and Trade Policy with Marshallian External Economies
a. Production Structure and Basic Theorems
(1) General Structure of VRS Models
-B&S, Chapter 21
-J. Chipman (1965). “A Survey of the Theory of International Trade: Part 2, The Neoclassical Theory”. Etrica; V.33-#4, pp. 685-760 (on external economies, pp. 736-749).
-J. Chipman (1970). “External Economies of Scale and Competitive Equilibrium”. QJE; V.84-#?, pp. 347-363.
-M. Ali Khan (1999). “A Result on Large Anonymous Games: An Elementary and Self-Contained Exposition”. in James Melvin, James Moore, and Ray Riezman, eds., Trade, Welfare, and Econometrics: Essays in Honor of John S. Chipman. New York: Routledge, pp. 206-236.
-H. Herberg and M. Kemp (1968). “Some Implications of Variable Returns to Scale”. CJE; V.2-#3, pp. 403-415.
-W. Mayer (1974). “Homothetic Production Functions and the Shape of the Production Possibility Locus”. JET; V.8-#?, pp. 101-110. (Response by Herberg/Kemp, V.11: pp. 287-288).
-K.Y. Wong (1996). “A Comment on ‘Some Implications of Variable Returns to Scale: The Case of Industry-Specific Factors’”. CJE; V.29-#4, pp. 240-244.
-M. Kemp and M. Tawada (1986). “The World Production Frontier under Variable Returns to Scale”. JIE; V.21-#?, pp. 251-268.
-M. Tawada (1989). Production Structure and International Trade. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
-L. Young (1991). “Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory with Variable Returns to Scale”. JIE; V.31-#1/2, pp. 183-190.
-M. Ohyama (1993). “Firms, Entry and Hysteresis in the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson Model of Production and Trade”. in W. Ethier, E. Helpman and J.P. Neary, eds. Theory, Policy and Dynamics in International Trade. Cambridge: CUP, pp. 107-128.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1989). “Returns to Scale Under Non-homotheticity and Homotheticity and the Shape of Average Cost”. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte Staatswissenschaft; V.145-#2, pp. 367-388.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1989). “Factor Prices and the Shape of Average Cost Curves with Special Reference to International Trade”. JIEI; V.4-#2, pp. 1-7.
-J. Melvin (1971). “International Trade without Homogeneity”. QJE, V.58-#?, pp. 66-76.
-R. Gomory (1994). “A Ricardo Model with Economies of Scale”. JET; V.62-#?, pp. 394-419.
-W. Baumol and R. Gomory (1996). “Inefficient and Locally Stable Trade Equilibria under Scale Economies: Comparative Advantage Revisited”. KYKLOS; V.49-#4, pp. 509-540.
-W. Baumol and R. Gomory (1997). “Productivity Differences, World-Market Shares and Conflicting National Interests in Linear Trade Models”. Japan and the World Economy; V.9-#2, pp. 123-150.
(2) Stolper-Samuelson and Rybczynski Theorems with VRS
-N. Minabe (1966). “The Stolper-Samuelson Theorem under Conditions of Variable Returns to Scale”. OEP; V.18-#2, pp. 204-212.
-R. Batra (1968). “Protection and Real Wages under Variable Returns to Scale”. OEP; V.20-#?, pp. 353-360.
-R. Jones (1968). “Variable Returns to Scale in General Equilibrium Theory”. IER; V.9-#3, pp. 261-272.
-M. Kemp (1969). “Variable Returns to Scale”. Chapter 9 in The Pure Theory of International Trade and Investment. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, pp. 154-177 (also pp. 270-275).
-A. Panagariya (1980). “Variable Returns to Scale in General Equilibrium Theory Once Again”. JIE; V.10-#?, pp. 499-526.
-T. Inoue (1981). “A Generalization of the Samuelson Reciprocity Relation, the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem and the Rybczynski Theorem under Variable Returns to Scale”. JIE; V.11-#?, pp. 79-98.
-J. Markusen and A. Schweinberger (1990). “The Positive Theory of Production Externalities under Perfect Competition”. JIE; V.29-#1/2, pp. 69-91.
-P. Lloyd and A. Schweinberger (1998). “The Stolper-Samuelson Theorem in Models with Economies of Scale”. in K. Arrow, Y.-K. Ng, and X. Yang, eds. Increasing Returns and Economic Analysis. New York: St. Martins, pp. 413-429.
-G. Hansson and M. Lundahl (1983). “The Rybczynski Theorem under Decreasing Returns to Scale”. ScanJE; V.85-#4, pp. 531-540.
-S. Ylönen (1987). “Factor Demand and Substitution under Decreasing Returns to Scale: An Application to the Rybczynski Theorem”. ScanJE; V.89-#2, pp.
-S. Ylönen (1987). “The Stolper-Samuelson Theorem under Decreasing Returns to Scale”. EcLets; V.24-#?, pp. 83-87.
(3) Trade Patterns and FPE under VRS
-J. Melvin (1968). “Increasing Returns to Scale as a Determinant of Trade”. CJE; V.2-#3, pp. 389-402. (comment by Henderson, V.5-#2, pp. 293-298)
-J. Markusen and J. Melvin (1981). “Trade, Factor Prices, and the Gains From Trade with Increasing Returns to Scale”. CJE; V.14-#3, pp. 450-469.
-A. Panagariya (1983). “Variable Returns to Scale and the Heckscher-Ohlin and Factor-Price-Equalization Theorems”. WA; V.119-#?, pp. 259-279.
-E. Helpman and P. Krugman (1985). “External Effects”. Chapter 3 of Market Structure and Foreign Trade: Increasing Returns, Imperfect Competition and the International Economy. Cambridge: MIT Press, pp. 45-66.
-J. Markusen and L. Svensson (1990). “Factor Endowments and Trade with Increasing Returns: Generalizations and Extensions”. IEJ; V.4-#3, pp. 1-21.
-M. Kemp, M. Okawa, and M. Tawada (1998). “Variable Returns to Scale and Factor Price Equalization”. in K. Arrow, Y.-K. Ng, and X. Yang, eds. Increasing Returns and Economic Analysis. New York: St. Martins, pp. 409-412.
(4) Stability and Perverse Comparative Static Results
-W. Mayer (1974). “Variable Returns to Scale In General Equilibrium: A Comment”. IER; V.15-#1, pp. 225-235.
-A. Panagariya (1986). “Increasing Returns, Dynamic Stability and International Trade”. JIE; V.20-#?, pp. 43-63.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1988). “Scale Economies, Perverse Comparative Statics Results, The Marshallian Stability and The Long-Run Equilibrium for a Small Open Economy”. EcLets; V.27-#?, pp. 257-263.
T. Ide and A. Takayama (1990). “Marshallian Stability, and Long-run Equilibrium in the Theory of International Trade with Factor Market Distortions and Increasing Returns to Scale”. EcLets; V.33-#?, pp. 101-108.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1991). “Variable Returns to Scale, Paradoxes and Global Correspondences in the Theory of International Trade”. in A. Takayama, et al. eds. Trade, Policy, and International Adjustments. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 108-154.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1991). “The Marshall-Lerner Condition Reconsidered”. EcLets; V.35-#?, pp. 201-207.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1993). “Variable Returns to Scale, Comparative Statics Paradoxes, and the Theory of Comparative Advantage”. in H. Herberg and N.V. Long, eds., Trade, Welfare and Economic Policies. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, pp. 67-101.
-T. Ide and A. Takayama (1993). “Variable Returns to Scale and Dynamic Adjustments: the Marshall-Lerner Condition Reconsidered”. in R. Becker, M. Boldrin, R. Jones and W. Thomson, eds. General Equilibrium, Growth, and Trade II. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 507-540.
-N. Burney (1996). “Stability Conditions in General Equilibrium Theory under Variable Returns to Scale”. Academia Economic Papers; V.24-#2, pp. 337-350.
b. Gains from Trade, Welfare and Trade Policy Analysis
(1) Frank Graham’s Argument for Protection
-F.D. Graham (1923). “Some Aspects of Protection Further Considered”. QJE; V.37-#3, pp. 199-227.
-F.H. Knight (1924). “Some Fallacies in the Interpretation of Social Cost”. QJE; V.38-#4, pp. 582-606.
-J. Tinbergen (1945). “Professor Graham’s Case for Protection”. Appendix I of International Economic Co-operation. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 182-199.
-R. Caves (1960). Trade and Economic Structure. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. (Chapter 6)
-A. Panagariya (1981). “Variable Returns to Scale in Production and Patterns of Specialization”. AER; V.71-#1, pp. 221-230.
-W. Ethier (1982). “Decreasing Costs in International Trade and Frank Graham’s Argument for Protection”. Etrica; V.50-#5, pp. 1243-1268.
-T. Negishi (1969). “Marshallian External Economies and the Gains from Trade Between Similar Countries”. REStud; V.36-#1, pp. 131-135.
-M. Kemp and T. Negishi (1970). “Variable Returns to Scale, Commodity Taxes, Factor Market Distortions and Their Implications for Trade Gains”. Swedish Journal of Economics; V.72-#1, pp. 1-11.
-H. Wan (1972). “A Note on Trading Gains and Externalities”. JIE; V.2-#?, pp. 173-180.
-T. Negishi (1972). “External Economies and Trade Between Similar Economies”. Chapter 5 in General Equilibrium Theory and International Trade. Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 73-89.
-E. Helpman (1983). “Variable Returns to Scale and International Trade: Two Generalizations”. EcLets; V.11-#?, pp. 167-174.
-J. Markusen and J. Melvin (1984). “The Gains-from-Trade Theorem with Increasing Returns to Scale”. in H. Kierzkowski, ed. Monopolistic Competition and International Trade. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 10-33.
-E. Grinols (1991). “Increasing Returns and the Gains from Trade”. IER; V.32-#4, pp. 973-984.
-E. Grinols (1992). “Increasing Returns to Scale and Trade-Related Industry Enlargement: A Generalization and New Proof of Welfare Gains”. EcLets; V.38-#1, pp. 61-66.
-M. Kemp and A. Schweinberger (1991). “Variable Returns to Scale, Non-Uniqueness of Equilibrium and the Gains from International Trade”. REStud; V.58-#?, pp. 807-816.
-A. Schweinberger (1996). “Procompetitive Gains from Trade and Comparative Advantage”. IER; V.37-#2, pp. 361-375.
-J. Eaton and A. Panagariya (1979). “Gains from Trade under Variable Returns to Scale, Commodity Taxation, Tariffs and Factor Market Distortions”. JIE; V.9-#?, pp. 481-501.
-J.Y. Choi and E.S.H. Yu (1984). “Gains from Trade Under Variable Returns to Scale”. SEJ; V.50-#?, pp. 979-992.
-E.S.H. Yu and S. Patterson (1990). “Trade and Welfare under Variable Returns to Scale”. Indian Economic Journal; V.37-#3, pp. 53-58.
(3) Tariffs and Quotas with VRS
-C.C. Chao, H. Hwang and E.S.H. Yu (1990). “Welfare Effects of Quotas under Variable Returns to Scale”. SEJ; V.57-#1, pp. 160-166.
-C.-C. Chao and E.S.H. Yu (1991). “Trade Restrictions, Terms of Trade and Welfare under Variable Returns to Scale”. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali; V.38-#9, pp. 825-832.
-C.-C. Chao, H. Hwang and E.S.H. Yu (1993). “Effects of Quotas under Variable Returns to Scale”. SEJ; V.59-#4, pp. 675-686.
-J.Y. Choi and E.S.H. Yu (1987). “Nominal and Optimum Tariffs under Variable Returns to Scale”. OEP; V.?-#?, pp. 785-798.
-A. Panagariya (1986). “Increasing Returns and the Specific Factors Model”. V.53-#?, pp. 1-17.
-F. Casas (1985). “Tariff Protection and the Taxation of Foreign Capital”. JIE; V.19-#?, pp. 181-188.
-V. Rapanos (1986). “Variable Returns to Scale and Tax Incidence”. ZfN; V.46-#?, pp. 397-406.
-K. Abe (1988). “Anatomy of Tax Incidence in the Initially Distorted Economy of Variable Returns to Scale”. JPubE; V.37-#?, pp. 113-120.
-C.C. Chao and E.S.H. Yu (1993). “Can Fiscal Spending be Contractionary in the Neoclassical Economy”. Eca; V.60-#?, pp. 347-356.
(4) Project Analysis for Open Economies with VRS
-A. Tsunkei (1989). “The Measurement of Waste with Increasing Returns to Scale”. ESQ; V.40-#3, pp. 276-288.
-N. Naqvi and P. Wiener (1991). “External Increasing Returns and the Shadow Price of Foreign Exchange”. JIE; V.30-#1/2, pp. 177-184.
(5) Trade and Welfare under External Economies with Other Distortions
-J. Ishikawa (1991). “The Gains-from-Trade Theorem with Variable Returns to Scale in the Presence of Intermediate Goods”. EcLets; V.36-#?, pp. 397-401.
-J. Ishikawa (1992). “Trade Patterns and the Gains from Trade with an Intermediate Good Produced Under Increasing Returns to Scale”. JIE; V. 32-#1/2, pp. 57-81.
-J.Y. Choi (19??). “Nontraded Goods, Variable Returns to Scale and Welfare”. SEJ; V.?-#?, pp. 874-883.
-A. Parai (1985). “Unionization and Distribution of Income under Variable Returns to Scale”. EcLets; V.?-#?, pp. 95-98.
-M. Ohyama and Y. Fukushima (1995). “Endogenous Dualistic Structure, Marshallian Externalities, and Industrialization”. in W. Chang and S. Katayama, eds. Imperfect Competition in International Trade. Boston: Kluwer, pp. 187-206.
-J. Mendez (1985). “A Note on the Neoclassical Ambiguity and the Specific Factor Production Model Under Variable Returns to Scale”. JIE. V.18-#?, pp. 357-363.
-A. Panagariya (198?). “Increasing Returns and the Specific Factors Model”. SEJ; V.?-#?, pp. 1-17.
-P. Guidotti, W. Kaempfer, A. Pietruska and L.F.S. Wang (1991). “Optimal Commercial Policy under Increasing Returns to Scale with Sector-Specific Capital”. JEcStud; V.18-#2, pp. 63-75.
-A. Panagariya and P. Succar (1986). “The Harris-Todaro Model and Economies of Scale”. SEJ; V.??-#?, pp. 984-998.
-H. Beladi (1988). “Variable Returns to Scale, Urban Unemployment and Welfare”. SEJ; V.?-#?, 412-423.
-H. Beladi (1990). “The Minimum Wage Economy, Variable Returns to Scale and Welfare”. JIEI; V.5-#2, pp. 38-50.
c. International Factor Mobility with VRS
-S. Yabuuchi and S. Kakimoto (1991). “International Factor Mobility and Immiserizing Growth under Variable Returns to Scale”. in A. Takayama, M. Ohyama, and H., Ohta, eds. Trade, Policy, and International Adjustments. New York: Academic Press, pp. 155-172.
-A. Panagariya (1992). “Factor Mobility, Trade and Welfare--A North-South Analysis with Economies of Scale”. JDevE; V.39-#?, pp. 229-245.
-M. Quibria (1993). “International Migration, Increasing Returns and Real Wages”. CJE; V.26-#2, pp. 456-468.
-A.K. Lal (1995). “Increasing Returns, Urban Unemployment, and International Capital Mobility: A Trade Policy Analysis”. JDevE; V.46-#1, pp. 181-193.
-K. Suzuki (1995). “Intercountry Gaps in Increasing-Returns-to-Scale Technologies and the Choice among International Regimes”. in W. Chang and S. Katayama, eds. Imperfect Competition in International Trade. Boston: Kluwer, pp. 207-229.
-M. Benarroch and J. Gaisford (1997). “Economies of Scale, International Capital Mobility, and North-South Inequality”. RIE; V.5-#3, pp. 412-428.
d. Growth and Welfare in Open Economies with VRS
-J. Eaton and A. Panagariya (1982). “Growth and Welfare in a Small, Open Economy”. Eca; V.49-#?, pp. 409-419.
-J.-Y. Choi and E.S.H. Yu (1985). “Technical Progress, Terms of Trade and Welfare under Variable Returns to Scale”. Eca; V.52-#?, pp. 365-377.
-C.C. Chao and E.S.H. Yu (1991). “Immiserizing Growth for a Quota-Distorted Small Economy under Variable Returns to Scale”. CJE; V.24-#3, pp. 686-692.
e. Interindustrial Externalities and Trade Policy
-B&S, chapter 18.
-H. Herberg, M. Kemp and M. Tawada (1982). “Further Implications of Variable Returns to Scale”. JIE; V.13-#?, pp. 65-84.
-W. Chang (1981). “Production Externalities, Variable Returns to Scale, and the Theory of Trade”. IER; V.22-#3, pp. 511-525.
-J. Ishikawa (1994). “Revisiting the Stolper-Samuelson and Rybczynski Theorems with Production Externalities”. CJE; V.27-#1, pp. 101-111.
-E.S.H. Yu and J.-Y. Choi (1991). “The Theory of Tariffs under Variable Returns to Scale and Interindustrial Externalities”. SEJ; V.57-#3, pp. 760-771.
-V. Rapanos (1992). “A Note on Externalities and Taxation”. CJE; V.25-#1, pp. 226-232.
-E.S.H. Yu (1987). “Inter-Industrial Externalities, Technological Progress and Welfare”. SEJ; V.?-#?, pp. 412-421.
-O. Shy (1989). “External Effects and Pareto Inferior Trade”. SEJ; V.?-#1, pp. 56-63.
-K. Krishna (1988). “High Tech Trade Policy”. in R. Baldwin, C. Hamilton and A. Sapir, eds. Issues in US-EC Trade Relations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp.
-S. Cohen and J. Zysman (1987). Manufacturing Matters: The Myth of the Post-Industrial Economy. New York: Basic Books.
-R. Faini (1984). “Increasing Returns, Non-Traded Inputs and Regional Development”. EJ; V.94-#374, pp. 308-323.
-M. Okuno-Fujiwara (1988). “Interdependence of Industries, Coordination Failure and Strategic Promotion of an Industry”. JIE; V.25-#?, pp. 25-43.
-Corden, Chapter 9
-M. Kemp (1960). “The Mill-Bastable Infant-Industry Dogma”. JPE. V.68-#1, pp. 65-67.
-H.G. Johnson (1970). “A New View of the Infant-Industry Argument”. in I.A. McDougall and R. Snape, Sudies in International Economics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 59-82
-P. Bardhan (1964). “External Economies, Economic Development, and the Theory of Protection”. OEP. V.16-#?, pp. 40-54.
-H. Myint (1965). “Infant Industry Arguments for Assistance to Industries in the Setting of Dynamic Trade Theory”. in R. Harrod and D. Hague International Trade Theory in a Developing World. New York: St. Martins, pp. 173-193.
-H.G. Grubel (1966). “The Anatomy of Classical and Modern Infant Industry Arguments”. WA. V.97-#?, pp. 325-342.
-A. Woodland (1982). “Trade and Growth: The Dynamics of Technology”. Chapter 15 of International Trade and Resource Allocation. Amsterdam: North-Holland, esp. pp. 467-477.
b. Dynamic Internal Economies and the Infant Industry Argument
-T. Negishi (1968). “Protection of the Infant Industry and Dynamic Internal Economies”. EcRec. V.44-#/, pp. 56-67.
-M. Ohyama (1972). “Trade and Welfare in General Equilibrium”. KES. V.9-#2, pp. 37-73 (esp. pp. 62-64).
-N.V. Long (1975). “Infant Industry Protection, Dynamic Internal Economies and the Non-appropriability of Consumers’ Surplus”. EcRec. V.51-#?, pp. 256-267 (includes response by Negishi).
-M. Kemp (1974). “Learning by Doing: Formal Tests for Intervention in an Open Economy”. KES. V.11-#1, pp. 1-7.
-S. Yabushita (1975). “Protection of the Infant Industry: A Note”. EcRec. V.51-#?, pp. 326-332.
c. Time Inconsistency of the Infant-Industry Protection
-R. Baldwin (1969). “The Case Against Infant-Industry Protection”. JPE. V.77-#3, pp. 295-305.
-K. Matsuyama (1990). “Perfect Equilibria in a Trade Liberalization Game”. AER; V.80-#3, pp. 480-492.
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-D. Wright (1995). “Incentives, Protection, and Time Consistency”. CJE; V.28-#4a, pp. 929-938.
-H. Flamm and R. Staiger (1991). “Adverse Selection in Credit Markets and Infant Industry Protection”. in E. Helpman and A. Razin, eds. International Trade and Trade Policy. Cambridge: MIT Press, pp. 96-117.
-E. Bond (1993). “Capital Market Imperfections and the Infant Industry Argument for Protection”. in W. Ethier, E. Helpman and J.P. Neary, eds. Theory, Policy and Dynamics in International Trade. Cambridge: CUP, pp. 191-212.
-C. Asilis and M. Richardson (1994). “Infant Industry Policy and Information Revelation”. Estudios Economicos; V.9-#2, pp. 209-36.
-D. Leahy and J.P. Neary (1994). “Time Consistency, Learning by Doing, and Infant-Industry Protection: The Linear Case”. Economic and Social Review; V.26-#?, pp. 59-68.
-K. Hoff (1997). “Bayesian Learning in an Infant Industry”. JIE; V.43-#3/4, pp. 409-436.
-M.C.T. Terra (1999). “Tariff Design with Varying Degrees of Commitment”. JDevE; V.58-#?, pp. 123-147.
-M. Kaneda (2003). “Policy Designs in a Dynamic Model of Infant Industry Protection”. Journal of Development Economics; V.72-#1, pp. 91-115.
-H. Ryder (1969). “Optimal Accumulation in a Listian Model”. in H.W. Kuhn and G.P. Szego, Mathematical Systems Theory and Economics--II. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 457-479.
-E. Sheshinski (1967). “Optimal Accumulation with Learning by Doing”. in K. Shell, Essays on the Theory of Optimal Economic Growth. Cambridge: MIT Press, pp. 31-52.
-P.K. Bardhan (1971). “On Optimum Subsidy to a Learning Industry: An Aspect of the Theory of Infant-Industry Protection”. IER. V.12-#1, pp. 54-70.
-S. Clemhout and H.Y. Wan (1970). “Learning-by-Doing and Infant Industry Protection”. REStud, V.37-#?, pp. 33-56.
-M. Teubal (1973). “Comparative Advantage and Technological Change: The Learning by Doing Case”. JIE, V.3-#?, pp. 161-178.
-G. Feder and A. Schmitz (1976). “Learning by Doing and Infant Industry Protection: A Partial Equilibrium Approach”. REStud. V.43-#1, pp. 175-178.
-P. Krugman (1987). “The Narrow Moving Band, The Dutch Disease, and the Competitive Consequences of Mrs. Thatcher: Notes on Trade in the Presence of Dynamic Scale Economies”. JDevEc; V.27-#?, pp. 41-55.
-P. Succar (1987). “The Need for Industrial Policy in LDC’s: A Restatement of the Infant Industry Argument”. IER, V.28-#2, pp. 521-534.
-H.P. Bowen (1988). “Protection and Welfare in the Presence of Dynamic Learning”. WA, V.124-#4, pp. 607-621.
-P. Dasgupta and J. Stiglitz (1988). “Learning-by-Doing, Market Structure, and Industrial and Trade Policies”. OEP; V.40-#?, pp. 246-268.
-M.S. Alam, M. Shahid (1991). “A Reexamination of the Infant Industry Argument”. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali; V.38-#1,pp. 7-16.
-J. Rauch (1992). “A Note on the Optimum Subsidy to a Learning Economy”. JDevE; V.38-#?, pp. 233-243.
-J. Ishikawa (1992). “Learning by Doing, Changes in Industrial Structure and Trade Patterns, and Economic Growth in a Small Open Economy”. JIE, V.33-#3/4, pp. 221-244.
-D. Leahy and J.P. Neary (1999). “Learning by Doing, Precommitment and Infant-Industry Protection”. REStud; V.66-#2, pp. 447-474.
Naito, Takumi (2000). “A Rationale for Infant-Industry Protection and Gradual Trade Liberalization”. Review of Development Economics; V.4-#2, pp. 164-74.
e. Empirical Evaluations of the Infant Industry Argument
-P. David (1970). “Learning-by-doing and Tariff Protection: A Reconsideration of the Case of the Ante-Bellum US Cotton Textile Industry”. Journal of Economic History; V.30-#?, pp. 521-601. [comment by J. Williamson and response, (1972), V.32-#?, pp. 691-727.]
-K. Head (1994). “Infant Industry Protection in the Steel Rail Industry”. JIE; V.37-#3/4, pp. 141-165.
-D. Irwin (1998). “Did Late Nineteenth Century U.S. Tariffs Promote Infant Industries? Evidence from the Tinplate Industry”. Journal of Economic History, V.60-#2, pp. 335-360.
-A. Krueger and B. Tuncer (1982). “An Empirical Test of the Infant-Industry Argument”. AER. V.72-#5, pp. 1142-1152. [comment by A. Harrison and response, AER, 1994, V.94-#4, pp. 1090-1096.]
-L. Westphal (1982). “Fostering Technological Mastery by Means of Selective Infant-Industry Protection”. in M. Syrquin and S. Teitel, Trade, Stability, Technology and Equity in Latin America. New York: Academic Press, pp. 255-279.
-M. Bell, B. Ross-Larson, and L. Westphal (1984). “Assessing the Performance of Infant Industries”. JDevE; V.16-#?, pp. 101-128.
-H. Pack and L. Westphal (1986). “Industrial Strategy and Technological Change: Theory versus Reality”. JDevE; V.V.22-#?, pp. 87-128.
-H. Bruton (1989). “Import Substitution”. in H. Chenery and T.N. Srinivasan, eds. Handbook of Development Economics--V.2. Amsterdam: North Holland, pp.
-G. Grossman (1990). “Promoting New Industrial Activities: A Survey of Recent Arguments and Evidence”. OECD Economic Observer; V.14, pp. 87-125.
-D. Rodrik (1995). “Trade and Industrial Policy Reform”. in J. Behrman and T.N. Srinivasan, eds. Handbook of Development Economics--V.III. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 2925-2982.
B. Intra-Industry Trade and the International Division of Labor
-H. Grubel and P. Lloyd (1975). Intra Industry Trade: The Theory and Measurement of International Trade with Differentiated Products. London: Macmillan.
-P.K.M. Tharakan (1981). “The Economics of Intra-Industry Trade: A Survey”. Recherches Economiques de Louvain; V.47-#3/4, pp. 259-290.
-D. Greenaway and C. Milner (1986). The Economics of Intra-Industry Trade. Oxford: Blackwell.
-D. Greenaway and C. Milner (1987). “Intraindustry Trade: Current Perspectives and Unresolved Issues”. WA; V.123-#1, pp. 39-57.
-P. Gray (1988). “Intra-Industry Trade: An ‘Untidy’ Phenomenon”. WA; V.124-#2, pp. 211-229.
-D. Greenaway and J. Torstensson (1997). “Back to the Future: Taking Stock on Intra-industry Trade”. WA; V.133-#2, pp. 249-269.
-J. Torstensson (1999). “Intra-industry Trade: What Does the Theory Predict and How Robust are the Empirical Estimates”. in M. Brülhart and R. Hine, eds. Intra-Industry Trade and Adjustment: The European Experience. London: Macmillan, pp. 13-35.
-H. Giersch, ed. (1979). On the Economics of Intra-Industry Trade. Tubingen: J.C.B. Mohr.
-P.K.M. Tharakan, ed. (1983). Intra-Industry Trade: Empirical and Methodological Aspects. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
-D. Greenaway and P.K.M. Tharakan, eds. (1986). Imperfect Competition and International Trade: The Policy Aspects of Intra-Industry Trade. Brighton: Wheatsheaf.
-P.K.M. Tharakan and J. Kol, eds. (1989). Intra-Industry Trade: Theory, Evidence and Extensions. New York: Macmillan.
-H. Grubel and P. Lloyd (1971). “The Empirical Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”. EcRec; V.47-#?, pp. 494-517.
-D. Greenaway (1984). “The Measurement of Product Differentiation in Empirical Studies of Trade Flows”. in H. Kierzkowski, ed. Monopolistic Competition and International Trade. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-D. Greenaway (1982). “Identifying the Gains from Pure Intra-Industry Exchange”. Journal of Economic Studies; V.9-#?, pp. 40-56.
-J. Anderson (1979). “A Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation”. AER; V.69-#?, pp. 106-116.
-J. Bergstrand (1985). “The Gravity Equation in International Trade: Some Microeconomic Foundations and Empirical Evidence”. REStat; V.67-#3, pp. 474-481.
-J. Bergstrand (1989). “The Generalized Gravity Equation, Monopolistic Competition, and the Factor-Proportions Theory in International Trade”. REStat; V.71-#1, pp. 143-153.
-E. Helpman (1987). “Imperfect Competition and International Trade: Evidence from Fourteen Industrial Countries”. JJIE; V.1-#1, pp. 62-81.
-A. Merkies and C. van Beers (1994). “Paradigm Lost, Economics Regained: An Anatomical Lesson on the Gravity Model”. in J.W. Gunning, et al., eds. Trade, Aid and Development: Essays in Honour of Hans Linnemann. New York: St. Martin’s Press; London: Macmillan Press, pp. 50-85.
-D. Davis (1995). “Intra-Industry Trade: A Heckscher-Ohlin-Ricardo Approach”. JIE; V.39-$3/4, pp. 201-226.
-A. Deardorff (1998). “Determinants of Bilateral Trade: Does Gravity Work in a Neoclassical World?”. in J. Frankel, ed. The Regionalization of the World Economy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 7-22.
-S. Evenett and W. Keller (2002). “On Theories Explaining the Success of the Gravity Equation”. Journal of Political Economy; V110-#2, pp. 281-316.
-M. Sanso, R. Cuairan and F. Sanz (1993). “Bilateral Trade Flows, the Gravity Equation, and Functional Form”. REStat; V.75-#2, pp. 266-275.
-L. Mátyás (1997). “The Proper Econometric Specification of the Gravity Equation”. World Economy; V.20-#3, pp. 363-368.
-L. Mátyás (1998). “The Gravity Model: Some Econometric Considerations”. World Economy; V.21-#3, pp. 397-401.
-K. Kalirajan (1999). “Stochastic Varying Coefficients Gravity Model: An Application in Trade Analysis”. Journal of Applied Statistics; V.26-#2, pp. 185-193.
-P. Egger (2000). “A Note on the Proper Econometric Specification of the Gravity Equation”. EcLets; V.66-#1, pp. 25-31.
-I-Hui Cheng and Howard J. Wall (1999). “Controlling for Heterogeneity in Gravity Models of Trade”. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Working Paper; #99-010A
-P. Egger and M. Pfaffermayr (2003). “The Proper Panel Econometric Specification for the Gravity Equation: A Three-way Model with Bilateral Interaction Effects”. Empirical Economics; V.28-#3, pp. 571-580.
-B. Baltagi, P. Egger and M. Pfaffermayr (2003). “A Generalized Design for Bilateral Trade Flow Models”. Economics Letters; V.80-#?, pp. 391-397.
-A. Sen and T. Smith (1995). Gravity Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior. Heidelberg: Springer, Advances in Spatial and Network Economics series.
(a) Trade Patterns
-I. Savage and K. Deutsch (1960). “A Statistical Model of the Gross Analysis of Transaction Flows”. Econometrica; V.2-#3, pp. 551-572.
-P. Pöyhönen (1963). “A Tentative Model for the Volume of Trade between Countries”. WA; V.90-#1, pp. 93-98.
-K. Pullianen (1963). “A World Trade Study: An Econometric Model of the Pattern of Commodity Flows in International Trade in 1948-1960". Ekonomiska Sanfundits Tidskrift; V.17-#2, pp. 78-91.
-H. Linneman (1966). An Econometric Analysis of International Trade Flows. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
-E. Leamer (1974). “The Commodity Composition of International Trade in Manufactures: An Empirical Analysis”. OEP; V.?-#?, pp. 350-374.
-R. Shelburne (1987). “A Ratio Test of Trade Intensity and Per-capita-Income Similarity”. WA; V.123-#3, pp. 474-487.
-J. Bergstrand (1990). “The HOS Model, The Linder Hypothesis and the Determinants of Bilateral Intra-Industry Trade”. EJ; V.100-#403, pp. 1216-1229.
-J. Thursby and M. Thursby (1987). “Bilateral Trade Flows, The Linder Hypothesis and Exchange Risk”. REStat; V.69-#3, pp. 488-495.
-J. Bikker (1987). “An International Trade Flow with Substitution: An Extension of the Gravity Model”. KYKLOS; V.40-#3, pp. 315-337.
-P. DeGrauwe (1988). “Exchange Rate Variability and the Slowdown in Growth of International Trade”. IMFSP; V.35-#?, pp. 63-84.
-E. Helpman (1987). “Imperfect Competition and International Trade: Evidence from Fourteen Industrial Countries”. JJIE; V.1-#1, pp. 62-81.
-D. Hummels and J. Levinsohn (1995). “Monopolistic Competition and International Trade: Reconsidering the Evidence”. QJE; V.110-#3, pp. 799-836.
-D. Davis and D. Weinstein (1999). “Economic Geography and Regional Production Structure: An Empirical Investigation”. European Economic Review; V.43-#2, pp. 379-407.
-R. Feenstra, J. Markusen, and A. Rose (1999). “Using The Gravity Model to Differentiate among Alternative Theories of Trade”. CJE; V.34-#2, pp. 430-447.
-S. Evenett and W. Keller (2002). “On Theories Explaining the Success of the Gravity Equation”. Journal of Political Economy; V110-#2, pp. 281-316.
-P. Jensen (2000). “Analysis of Bilateral Trade Patterns with Panel Data”. RIE; V.8-#1, pp. 86-99.
-S. Baier and J. Bergstrand (2001). “The Growth of World Trade: Tariffs, Transport Costs, and Income Similarity”. JIE; V.53-#1, pp. 1-27.
-B. Smarzynska (2001). “Does Relative Location Matter for Bilateral Trade Flows? An Extension of the Gravity Model”. Journal of Economic Integration; V.16-#3, pp. 379-398.
-J. Anderson and D. Marcouiller (2002). “Insecurity and the Pattern of Trade: An Empirical Investigation”. REStat; V.84-#1, pp. 342-352.
-Prakash Loungani, Ashoka Mody, and Assaf Razin (2002). “The Global Disconnect: The Role of Transactional Distance and Scale Economies in Gravity Equations”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy; V.49-#5, pp. 526-543.
-William K. Hutchinson (2002). “Does Ease of Communication Increase Trade? Commonality of Language and Bilateral Trade”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy; V.49-#5, pp. 544-556.
-Howard Wall (2003). “NAFTA and the Geography of North American Trade”. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review; V.85-#2, pp. 13-26.
-Cletus Coughlin and Howard Wall (2003). “NAFTA and the Changing Pattern of State Exports”. Papers in Regional Science; V.82-#4, pp. 427-450.
-C. Filippini and V. Molini (2003). “The Determinants of East Asian Trade Flows: A Gravity Equation Approach”. Journal of Asian Economics; V.14-#5, pp. 695-711.
-S. Evenett and W. Keller (1996). “Bilateral Trade Flows: One Prediction of Several Thousand Theories Estimated in Nine Thousand and Two Samples”. Ms: University of Michigan/University of Wisconsin.
-W. Keller (1998). “Bilateral Trade in a Multilateral World with Imperfect Specialization”. Ms: University of Wisconsin.
-D. Davis and D. Weinstein (1998). “Market Access, Economic Geography and Comparative Advantage: An Empirical Assessment”. Ms: Columbia.
-J. Haveman and D. Hummels (1999). “Alternative Hypotheses and the Volume of Trade: Evidence on the Extent of Specialization”. ms: Purdue/U. of Chicago.
(b) Border Effects/Home Market Bias
-J. McCallum (1995). “National Borders Matter: Canada-US Regional Trade Patterns”. AER; V.85-#3, pp. 615-623.
C. Engel and J. Rogers (1996). “How Wide is the Border?”. AER; V.86-#5, pp. 1112-1125.
-J. Helliwell (1996). “Do National Borders Matter for Quebec’s Trade?”. CJE; V.29-#3, pp. 507-522.
-J. Helliwell (1997). “National Borders, Trade and Migration”. Pacific Economic Review; V.2-#3, pp. 165-185.
-J. Helliwell (1998). How Much Do National Borders Matter? Washington, DC: Brookings.
-S.-J. Wei (1996). “Intra-National versus International Trade: How Stubborn are National in Global Integration?”. NBER Working Paper; #5531.
M. A. Anderson and S. Smith (1999). “Do National Borders Really Matter? Canada-US Regional Trade Reconsidered”. RIE; V.7-#2, pp. 219-227.
M. A. Anderson and S. Smith (1999). “Canadian Provinces in World Trade: Engagement and Detachment”. CJE; V.32-#1, pp. 22-38.
-E. van Wincoop and Y. Iwamoto (2000). “Do Borders Matter? Evidence from Japanese Regional Net Capital Flows”. IER; V.41-#1, pp. 241-269.
-H. Wolf (2000). “Intranational Home Bias in Trade”. REStat; V.82-#4, pp. 555-563.
-H. Wolf (2000). “(Why) Do Borders Matter for Trade”. In G. Hess and E. van Wincoop, eds. Intranational Macroeconomics. Cambridge, CUP, pp. 112-128.
-V. Nitsch (2000). “National borders and International Trade: Evidence from the European Union” CJE, V.33-#4, pp. 1091-1105.
J. Ceglowski (2000). “Has the Border Narrowed?”. North American Journal Of Economics And Finance; V.11-#1, pp. 61-75.
-J. Ceglowski (2000). “Regionalization and Home Bias: The Case of Canada”. Journal of Economic Integration; V.15-#4, pp. 548-564.
-J. Helliwell and G. Verdier (2001). “Measuring Internal Trade Distances: A New Method Applied to Estimate Provincial Border Effects in Canada”. CJE; V.34-#?, pp. 1024-1041.
-J. Helliwell (2002). “Measuring the Width of National Borders”. Review of International Economics; V.10-#3, pp. 517-524.
-Keith Head and Thierry Mayer (2000). “Non-Europe: The Magnitude and Causes of Market Fragmentation in the EU”. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv/Review of World Economics; V.136-#2, pp. 284-314.
Keith Head, Thierry Mayer, and John Ries (2002). “On the Pervasiveness of Home Market Effects”. Economica; V.69-#275; pp. 371-390.
-Keith Head and Thierry Mayer (2002). “Effet frontiere, integration economique et ‘Forteresse Europe’”. Economie et Prevision; #152/3, pp. 71-92
-Robert Feenstra (2002). “Border Effects and the Gravity Equation: Consistent Methods for Estimation”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy; V.49-#5, pp. 491-506.
-Russell Hillberry (2002). “Aggregation Bias, Compositional Change and Border Effect”. Canadian Journal of Economics; V.35-#3, pp. 517-530.
-J. Anderson and E. van Wincoop (2003). “Borders, Trade, and Welfare”. S. Collins and D. Rodrik, eds. Brookings Trade Forum–2001. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, pp. 207-243.
-J. Anderson and E. van Wincoop (2003). “Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle”. AER; V.93-#1, pp. 170-192.
-D. Davis and D. Weinstein (2003). “Market Access, Economic Geography and Comparative Advantage: An Empirical Test,”. Journal of International Economics; V.59-#1, pp. 1-23.
-C. Evans (2003). “The Economic Significance of National Border Effects”.AER; V.93-#4, pp. 1291-1312..
-D. Parsley and S.-J. Wei (2000). “Explaining the Border Effect: The Role of Exchange Rate Variability, Shipping Costs, and Geography”. NBER Working Paper, #7836
K. Head and T. Mayer (2000). “Illusory Border Effects: How Internal Geography Influences External Trade Volumes”. Ms: UBC.
M. Anderson and S. Smith (2000). “Information Networks, Hysteresis, and the Border Effect in International Trade”. Ms: USITC.
-R. Hilberry and D. Hummels (2000). “Explaining Home Bias in Consumption: Production Location, Commodity Composition and Magnification”. Ms: USITC & Purdue University.
-C. Evans (2000). “National Border Effects, Heterogeneous Fixed Costs of International Trade, and Variety Availability”. Ms: Federal Reserve Bank of NY.
-E. van Wincoop (2000). “Borders and Trade”. ms: Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
(c) Policy Distortion
-J. Brocker and H. Rohweder (1990). “Barriers to International Trade: Methods of Measurement and Empirical Evidence”. Annals of Regional Science; V.24-#4, pp. 289-305.
-H. Wall (1999). “Using the Gravity Model to Estimate the Costs of Protection”. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Review; January/February, pp. 33-40.
-J. Harrigan (1993). “OECD Imports and Trade Barriers in 1983". JIE; V.35-#1/2, pp. 91-111.
-J. Harrigan (1996). “Openness to trade in Manufactures in the OECD”. JIE; V.40-#1/2, pp. 23-39.
-G. Biessen (1991). “Is the Impact of Central Planning on the Level of Foreign Trade Really Negative?”. Journal of Comparative Economics; V.15-#1, pp. 22-44.
-C. Montenegro and R. Soto (1996). “How Distorted Is Cuba’s Trade? Evidence and Predictions from a Gravity Model”. Journal of International Trade and Economic Development; V.5-#1, pp. 45-70.
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-D. Coe and A. Hoffmaister (1999). “North-South Trade: Is Africa Unusual?”. Journal of African Economies; V.8-#2, pp. 228-256.
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-Simon J. Evenett (2002). “The Impact of Economic Sanctions on South African Exports”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy; V.49-#5, pp. 557-573.
(d) Integration
-V. Ogueldo and C. MacPhee (1994). “Gravity Models: A Reformulation and an Application to Discriminatory Trade Arrangements”. Applied Economics; V.26-#2, pp. 107-120.
-H. Glejser (1969). “A Gravity Model of Interdependent Equations to Estimate Flow Creation and Diversion”. Journal of Regional Science; V.9-#?, pp. 439-449.
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-J. Brada and J. Mendez (1985). “Economic Integration Among Developed, Developing and Centrally Planned Economies: A Comparative Analysis”. REStat; V.
-Linnemann, Hans and Harmen Verbruggen (1991). “GSTP Tariff Reduction and Its Effects on South-South Trade in Manufactures”. World Development; V.19-#?, pp. 539-551.
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-J. Frankel (1993). “Is Japan Creating a Yen Bloc in East Asia and the Pacific?”. In J. Frankel and M. Kahler, eds. Regionalism and Rivalry: Japan and the US in Pacific Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press/NBER, pp. 53-85.
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-J.J. Polak (1996). “Is APEC a Natural Regional Trading Bloc? A Critique of the ‘Gravity Model’ of International Trade”. World Economy; V.19-#5, pp. 533-543.
-A. Panagariya (1997). “Preferential Trading and the Myth of Natural Trading Partners”. Japan and the World Economy; V.9-#4, pp. 471-489.
-A. Panagariya (1998). “Do Transport Costs Justify Regional Preferential Trading Arrangements? No”. WA; V.134-#2, pp. 280-301.
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-F. Abraham, E. Buyst, and S. Geyssens (1997). “Trade Integration in the Twentieth Century: What Does Belgian History Tell Us?”. WA; V.133-#4, pp. 708-736.
-G. Garman, J. Petersen, and D. Gilliard (1998). “Economic Integration in the Americas: 1975-1992”. Journal of Applied Business Research; V.14-#3, pp. 1-12.
-D. Karemera, David, et al. (1999). “A Gravity Model Analysis of the Benefits of Economic Integration in the Pacific Rim”. Journal of Economic Integration; V.14-#3, pp. 347-367.
-F. Sanz (2000). “A Kalman Filter-Gravity Equation Approach to Assess the Trade Impact of Economic Integration: The Case of Spain, 1986-1992". WA; V.136-#1, pp. 84-110.
-K.P. Kalirajan (2000). “Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC): Impact on Australia’s Trade”. Journal of Economic Integration; V.15-#4, pp. 533-547.
-J. Fidrmuc and J. Fidrmuc (2000). “Disintegration and Trade”. CEPR Discussion Paper; # 2641.
-I Soloaga and L. A. Winters (2001). “Regionalism in the Nineties: What Effect on Trade?”. North American Journal of Economics and Finance; V.12-#1, pp. 1-29.
-Sapir, André (2001). “Domino effects in Western European regional trade, 1960-1992”. EJPE; V.17-#2, pp. 377-388.
-David Greenaway and Chris Milner (2002). “Regionalism and Gravity”. Scottish Journal of Political Economy; V.49-#5, pp. 574-585.
-H. Wall (2002). “Has Japan been Left Out in the Cold by Regional Integration?”. Bank of Japan Monetary and Economic Studies; V.20-#2, pp. 117-134.
-Scott Baier and Jeffry Bergstrand (2003). “Economic Determinants of Free Trade Agreements”. Journal of International Economics; forth.
(e) Common Currencies and Trade Flows
-J. Frankel and S. Wei (1992). “Trade Blocs and Currency Blocs”. NBER Working Paper, #4335.
-B. Eichengreen and D. Irwin (1995). “Trade Blocs, Currency Blocs and the Reorientation of Trade in the 1930s”. JIE; V.38-#1/2, pp. 1-24.
-A. Rose (2000). “One Money, One Market: The Effect of Common Currencies on Trade”. Economic Policy; V.30-#?, pp. 9-45.
-T. Persson (2001). “Currency Unions and Trade: How Large is the Treatment Effect”. Economic Policy; V.?-#33, pp. 435-448.
-A. Rose (2001). “Currency Unions and Trade: The Effect is Large”. Economic Policy; V.?-#33, pp. 449-461.
-M. Pakko and H. Wall (2001). “Reconsidering the Trade-Creating Effects of a Currency Union”. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Review; September/October, pp. 37-45.
-V. Nitsch (2002). “Honey, I Shrunk the Currency Union Effect on Trade”. World Economy; V.25-#4, pp. 457-474.
-A. Rose (2002). “Honey, The Currency Union Effect on Trade Hasn’t Blown Up”. World Economy; V.25-#4, pp. 475479.
-A. Rose and E. Van Wincoop (2001). “National Money as a Barrier to Trade: The Real Case for a Currency Union”. AER; V.91-#2, pp. 386-390.
-J. Frankel and A. Rose (2002). “An Estimate of the Effect of Currency Unions on Trade and Growth”. QJE; V.117-#2, pp. 437-466.
-A. Rose and C. Engel (2002). “Currency Unions and International Integration”. JMCB; V.34-#4, pp. 1067-1089.
-R. Glick and A. Rose (2002). “Does a Currency Union Affect Trade? The Time Series Evidence”. European Economic Review; V.46-#6, pp. 1125-51. [also in E. Helpman and E. Sadka, eds. Economic Policy in the International Economy. Cambridge: CUP.]
-S. Edwards and I.I. Magendzo (2002). “Independent Currency Unions, Growth and Inflation”. Bank of Japan Monetary and Economic Studies; V.20-#S-1, pp. 215-240.
-E. Levy Yeyati (2003). “On the Impact of a Common Currency on Bilateral Trade”. Economics Letters; V.79-#1, pp. 125-129.
-A. Micco, E. Stein and G. Ordoñez (2003). “The Currency Union Effect on Trade: Early Evidence from the EMU”. Economic Policy; V.18-#37, pp. 315-356.
-E. Lopez-Cordova and E. Meissner (2003). “Exchange Rate Regimes and International Trade: Evidence from the Classical Gold Standard Era”. American Economic Review; V.93-#1, pp. 344-353.
-Estevadeordal, Antoni, Brian Frantz and Alan Taylor (2003). “The Rise and Fall of World Trade, 1870-1939”. Quarterly Journal of Economics; V.118-#2, pp. 359-407.
c. Per Capita Income, Taste Similarity and Trade: The Linder Hypothesis
-S.B. Linder (1961). An Essay on Trade and Transformation. New York: J. Wiley.
-J. Sailors, U. Quereshi and E. Cross (1973). “An Empirical Verification of Linder’s Trade Thesis”. SEJ; V.40-#?, pp. 262-266. (Comment by J. Hoftyzer (1975), V.41-#?, pp. 694-698)
-S. Kolhagen (1977). “Income Distribution and `Representative Demand` in International Trade Flows: An Empirical Test of Linder’s Hypothesis”. SEJ; V.44-#?, pp. 167-172.
-D. Greytak and R. McHugh (1977). “Linder’s Trade Thesis: An Empirical Examination”. SEJ; V.43-#?, pp. 1386-1389.
-N. Fortune (1979). “Income Distribution and Linder’s Thesis”. SEJ; V.46-#?, pp. 158-167.
-T. Kennedy and R. McHugh (1980). “An Intertemporal Test and Rejection of the Linder Hypothesis”. SEJ; V.46-#?, pp. 898-903.
-U. Quereshi, G. French and J. Sailors (1980). “Linder’s Trade Thesis: A Further Examination”. SEJ; V.46-#?, pp. 933-936.
-R. Arad and S. Hirsch (1981). “Determination of Trade Flows and the Choice of Trade Partners: Reconciling the H-O and Burenstam-Linder Models of International Trade”. WA; V.117-#2, pp. 276-297.
-T. Kennedy and R. McHugh (1983). “Taste Similarity and Trade Intensity: A Test of the Linder Hypothesis for the US”. WA; V.119-#3, pp. 84-96.
-C. Ellis (1983). “An Alternative Interpretation and Empirical Test of the Linder Hypothesis”. Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics; V.22-#?, pp. 53-62.
-E. Klieman and Y. Kop (1984). “Who Trades with Whom: The Income Pattern of International Trade”. WA; V.120-#3, pp. 499-521.
-J. Hoftyzer (1984). “A Further Analysis of the Linder Trade Thesis”. Quarterly Review of Economics and Business; V.24-#?, pp. 57-90.
d. Theoretical Accounts of General Intra-Industry Trade
(1) Monopolistic Competition/Horizontal Differentiation
-H. Grubel (1970). “The Theory of Intra-Industry Trade”. in I. McDougall and R. Snape, eds. Studies in International Economics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 35-51.
-H.P. Gray (1973). “Two Way International Trade in Manufactures: A Theoretical Underpinning”. WA; V.109-#1, pp. 19-39. (Comment by R. Davies, V.113-#1, pp. 179-181)
-H.P. Gray (1980). “The Theory of International Trade among Industrial Nations”. WA; V.116-#3, pp. 447-470.
-U. Broll and B.M. Gilroy (1985). “International Division of Labor and Intra-Trade”. Economia Internazionale; V.38-#2, pp. 3-8.
-U. Broll and B.M. Gilroy (1985). “Developing Countries in the Light of Intra-Trade”. Asian Economies; V.55, pp. 20-26.
-S. Mainardi (1986). “A Theoretical Interpretation of Intra-Firm Trade in the Presence of Intra-Industry Trade”. in Greenaway and Tharakan, eds.
(2) Competitive Markets/Horizontal Differentiation
-J. Chipman (1985). “Product Diversification, Equalization of Factor Rentals and Consumer Preferences”. in H. Milde and H. Monissen, eds. Rationale Wirtschaftspolitic in komplexen Gesellschaften. Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kolhammer, pp. 284-295.
-J. Chipman (1990). “A General Equilibrium Econometric Model of an Open Economy--With Special Reference to the Phenomenon of Intra-Industry Trade”. in B. Fuchssteiner, T. Lengauer and H. Skala, eds. Methods of Operations Research (60). Frankfurt: Verlag Anton Hain Meisenheim GmbH, pp. 3-14.
-D. Davis (1995). “Intra-industry Trade: A Heckscher-Ohlin-Ricardo Approach”. JIE; V.39-#3/4, pp. 201-226.
-J. Bhagwati and D. Davis (1999). “Intra-Industry Trade: Issues and Theory”. in James Melvin, James Moore, and Ray Riezman, eds., Trade, Welfare, and Econometrics: Essays in Honor of John S. Chipman. New York: Routledge, pp. 1-16.
(3) Competitive Markets/Vertical Differentiation
-R. Falvey (1981). “Commercial Policy and Intra-Industry Trade”. JIE; V.11-#?, pp. 495-511.
-R. Falvey and H. Kierzkowski (1987). “Product Quality, Intra-Industry Trade and (Im)Perfect Competition”. in H. Kierzkowski, ed. Protection and Competition in International Trade. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 143-161.
e. Methodological Issues in the Study of Intra-Industry Trade
-J.M. Finger (1975). “Trade Overlap and Intra-Industry Trade”. Economic Inquiry; V.13-#4, pp. 581-589. [Comment and reply, EcInq, 1978]
-P. Rayment (1976). “The Homogeneity of Manufacturing Industries with Respect to Factor Intensity: the Case of the United Kingdom”. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics; V.38-#?, pp. 203-209.
-R. Lipsey (1976). “Review of Grubel and Lloyd, Intra-Industry Trade”. JIE; V.6-#3, pp. 312-314.
-H.P. Gray (1979). “Intra-Industry Trade: The Effects of Different Levels of Data Aggregation”. in Giersch, ed., pp. 87-110.
-H.P. Gray and J.P. Martin (1980). “The Meaning and Measurement of Product Differentiation in International Trade”. WA; V.116-#2, pp. 322-329.
-R. Pomfret (1979). “Intra-Industry Trade in Intra-regional and International Trade”. in Giersch, ed., pp. 115-131.
-D. Greenaway and C. Milner (1983). “On the Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”. EJ; V.93-#372, pp. 900-908. (Comment and Response, EJ, 1985, V.95-#378, pp. 486-487)
-R. Pomfret (1986). “On the Division of Labour and Intra-Industry Trade”. Journal of Economic Studies; V.13-#1, pp. 56-63.
-S. Vona (1990). “Intra-industry Trade: A Statistical Artefact or a Real Phenomenon?”. Banca Nazionale del Lavoro-Quarterly Review; #175; pp. 383-412.
-J. Rodgers (1988). “Intra-Industry Trade, Aggregation and the HOS Model”. Journal of Economic Studies; V.15-#5, pp. 5-23.
-J. Chipman (1992). “Intra-Industry Trade, Factor Proportions and Aggregation”. in W. Neuefeind and R. Riezman, eds. Economic Theory and International Trade. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 67-92.
(2) Weighting Problems
-K. Nobel (1983). “Intra- vs. Inter-Industry Trade: The Case of Many Countries and Industries”. Zeitschfrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften; V103-#4, pp. 341-349.
-C. Milner (1988). “Weighting Problems in the Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”. Applied Economics; V.20-#?, pp. 295-302.
-H. Grubel and P. Lloyd (1971). “The Empirical Measurement of Intra- Industry Trade”. Economic Record; V.47-#120, pp. 494-517.
-D. Greenaway and C. Milner (1981). “Trade Imbalance Effects and the Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”. WA; V.117-#4, pp. 756-762.
-A. Aquino (1981). “The Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade When Overall Trade Is Imbalanced”. WA; V.117-#4, pp. 763-766.
-J. Kol and L. Mennes (1989). “Corrections for Trade Imbalance: A Survey”. WA; V.125-#4, pp. 703-717.
-S. Vona (1991). “On the Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade: Some Further Thoughts”. WA; V.127-#4, pp. 678-700.
-R. Rajan (1996). “Measures of Intra-Industry Trade Reconsidered with Reference to Singapore’s Bilateral Trade with Japan and the United States”. WA; V.132-#2, pp. 378-389.
-L. Nilsson (1997). “”The Measurement of Intra-industry Trade between Unequal Partners”. WA; V.133-#3, pp. 554-565.
f. Tests of General Intra-Industry Trade Models
(1) Horizontal Intra-Industry Trade
-K. Kojima (1964). “The Pattern of International Trade Among Advanced Industrial Countries”. Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics; V.5-#1, pp. 16-36.
-G. Hufbauer and J. Chilas (1974). “Specialization by Industrial Countries: Extent and Consequences”. in H. Giersch, ed. The International Division of Labor: Problems and Perspectives. Tubingen: J.C.B. Mohr, pp. 3-38.
-H. Hesse (1974). “Hypotheses for the Explanation of Trade between Industrial Countries, 1953-1970". in H. Giersch, ed. The International Division of Labor: Problems and Perspectives. Tubingen: J.C.B. Mohr, pp. 39-59.
-E. Pagoulatos and R. Sorensen (1975). “Two-Way International Trade: An Econometric Analysis”. WA; V.111-#3, pp. 454-465.
-A. Aquino (1978). “Intra-Industry Trade and Intra-Industry Specialization as Concurrent Sources of International Trade in Manufactures”. WA; V.114-#2, pp. 275-295.
-D. McAleese (1979). “Intra-Industry Trade, Level of Development and Market Size”. in Giersch, ed., pp. 137-154.
-J.M. Finger and D. DeRosa (1979). “Trade Overlap, Comparative Advantage and Protection”. in Giersch, ed., pp. 213-240.
-R. Loertscher and F. Wolter (1980). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: Among Countries and Accross Industries”. WA; V.116-#2, pp. 281-293.
-R. Caves (1981). “Intra-Industry Trade and Market Structure in the Industrialised Countries”. OEP; V.33-#2, pp. 203-223.
-K. Toh (1982). “A Cross-Section Analysis of Intra-Industry Trade in US Manufacturing Industries”. WA; V118-#2, pp. 281-300.
-L. Lundberg (1982). “Intra-Industry Trade: The Case of Sweden”. WA; V.118-#2, pp. 302-314.
-J. Bergstrand (1983). “Measurement and Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade”. in Tharakan, ed., pp. 201-253.
-P.B.W. Rayment (1983). “Intra-‘Industry’ Specialisation and the Foreign Trade of Industrial Countries”. in S.F. Frowen, ed. Controlling Industrial Economies. London: Macmillan, pp. 1-28.
-D. Greenaway (1983). “Intra-industry and Inter-Industry Trade in Switzerland”. WA; V.119-#?, pp. 109-121.
-D. Greenaway and C. Milner (1984). “A Cross Section Analysis of Intra-Industry Trade in the UK”. EER; V.25-#3, pp. 319-344.
-B. Balassa (1986). “The Determinants of Intra-Industry Specialization in US Trade”. OEP; V.38-#2, pp. 220-233.
-B. Balassa (1986). “Intra-Industry Specialization: A Cross-Country Analysis”. EER; V.30-#1, pp. 27-42.
-B. Balassa (1986). “Intra-Industry Trade Among Exporters of Manufactured Goods”. in D. Greenaway and P.K.M. Tharakan, eds. Imperfect Competition and International Trade: The Policy Aspects of Intra-Industry Trade. Brighton: Wheatsheaf, pp. 108-128.
-B. Balassa and L. Bauwens (1987). “Intra-Industry Specialization in a Multi-Country and Multi-Industry Framework”. EJ; V.97-#388, pp. 923-239.
-B. Balassa and L. Bauwens (1988). “Inter-Industry and Intra-Industry Specialization in Manufactured Goods”. WA; V.124-#1, pp. 1-113.
-B. Balassa and L. Bauwens (1988). “The Determinants of Intra-European Trade in Manufactured Goods”. EER; V.32-#6, pp. 1421-1437.
-C. Culem and L. Lundberg (1986). “The Product Pattern of Intra-Industry Trade: Stability Among Countries and over Time”. WA; V.122-#1, pp. 113-130.
-P. Messerlin and S. Becuwe (1986). “Intra-Industry Trade in the Long-Run: The French Case, 1850-1913". in D. Greenaway and P.K.M. Tharakan, eds. Imperfect Competition and International Trade: The Policy Aspects of Intra-Industry Trade. Brighton: Wheatsheaf, pp. 191-215.
-L. Lundberg (1988). “The Role of Comparative Costs for Determining Inter- and Intra-industry Trade with Developing Countries”. EER; V.32-#9, pp. 1699-1710.
-F. Niroomand (1988). “Inter- versus Intra-industry Trade: A Note on U.S. Trends, 1963-1980". WA; V.124-#2, pp. 337-340.
-Y.S. Lee (1989). “A Study of the Determinants of Intra-industry Trade among the Pacific Basin Countries”. WA; V.125-#2, pp. 346-358.
-M.J. Farrell (1991). “Industry Characteristics and Scale Economies as Sources of Intra-industry Trade”. JEcStud; V.18-#4, pp. 36-58.
-R. Ratnayake and P. Athukorala (1992). “Intra-industry Trade: The Australian Experience”. International Economic Journal; V.6-#4,pp. 47-62.
-K. Hughes (1993). “Intra-Industry Trade in the 1980s: A Panel Study”. WA; V.129-#3, pp. 561-572.
-D. Clark (1993). “Recent Evidence on Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade”. WA; V.129-#?, pp. 332-344.
-J. Stone and H. Lee (1995). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: A Longitudinal, Cross-Country Analysis”. WA; V.131-#1, pp. 67-85.
-J. Torstensson (1996). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: A Sensitivity Analysis”. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics; V.58-#3, pp. 507-524.
-D. Clark (1998). “Determinants of Intraindustry Trade between the United States and Industrial Nations”. International Trade Journal; V.12-#3, pp. 345-362.
-O. Havrylyshyn and E. Civan (1983). “Intra-Industry Trade and the Stage of Development”. in Tharakan, ed., pp. 111-140.
-O. Havrylyshyn and E. Civan (1985). “Intra-industry Trade among Developing Countries”. Journal of Development Economics; V.18-#2/3, pp. 253-71.
-P.K.M. Tharakan (1984). “Intra-Industry Trade Between the Industrial Countries and the Developing World”. EER; V.26-#1/2, pp. 213-227.
-P.K.M. Tharakan (1986). “The Intra-Industry Trade of Benelux with the Developing World”. WA; V.122-#1, pp. 131-148.
(2) Vertical Intra-Industry Trade
-P.K.M. Tharakan (1989). “Bilateral Intra-Industry Trade between Countries with Different Factor Endowments”. in P.K.M. Tharakan and J. Kol, eds. Intra-Industry Trade: Theory, Evidence, and Extensions. London: Macmillan.
-K. Abed-el-Rahman (1991). “Firms’ Competitive and National Comparative Advantages as Joint Determinants of Trade Composition”. WA; V.127-#1, pp. 83-97.
-J. Torstensson (1991). “Quality Differentiation and Factor Proportions in International Trade: An Empirical Test of the Swedish Case”. WA; V.127-#?, pp. 183-194.
-J. Torstensson (1996). “Can Factor Proportions Explain Vertical Intra-industry Trade?”. Applied Economics Letters; V.3-#5, pp. 307-309.
-D. Greenaway, R. Hine and C. Milner (1995). “Country-specific Factors and the Pattern of Horizontal and Vertical Intra-Industry Trade in the UK”. WA; V.130-#1, pp. 77-100.
-D. Greenaway, R. Hine and C. Milner (1995). “Vertical and Horizontal Intra-Industry Trade: A Cross-Industry Analysis for the UK”. EJ; v.105-#433, pp. 1505-1518.
-R. Hine, D. Greenaway and C. Milner (1999). “Vertical and Horizontal Intra-industry Trade: An Analysis of Country- and Industry-Specific Determinants”. in M. Brülhart and R. Hine, eds. Intra-Industry Trade and Adjustment: The European Experience. London: Macmillan, pp. 70-97.
-M. Schuler (1995). “On Intra-Industry Trade in Intermediates”. Economia Internazionale; V.48-#1, pp. 67-84.
-P.K.M. Tharakan and B. Kerstens (1995). “Does North-South Horizontal Intra-industry Trade Really Exist? An Analysis of the Toy Industry”. WA. V.131-#1, pp. 86-105.
-G. Rossini and M. Burattoni (1996). “Trade and Convergence between Rich and Developing Countries: Some Empirical Evidence on Macrodeterminants of Specialization”. WA; V.132-#1, pp. 75-96.
-J. Menon, D. Greenaway, and C. Milner (1999). “Industrial Structure and Australia-UK Intra-Industry Trade”. EcRec; V.75-#228, pp. 19-27.
-D. Greenaway, C. Milner, and R. Elliott (1999). “UK Intra-Industry Trade with the EU North and South”. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics; V.61-#3, pp. 365-383.
(3) Intra-Industry FDI and Trade
-T. Agmon (1979). “Direct Investment and Intra-Industry Trade: Substitutes or Complements”. . In H. Giersch, ed. On the Economics of Intra-Industry Trade. Tübingen: JCB Mohr
-H. Grubel (1979). “Towards a Theory of Two-Way Trade in Capital Assets”. In H. Giersch, ed. On the Economics of Intra-Industry Trade. Tübingen: JCB Mohr.
-J. Dunning (1981). “A Note on Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment”. Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review; V.139-#?, pp. 427-437.
-G. Norman and J. Dunning (1984). “Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment: Its Rationale and Effects”. WA; V.120-#?, pp. 522-540.
-J. Dunning and G. Norman (1986). “Intra-Industry Investment”. In H.P. Gray, ed. Research in International Business and Finance. V.5. Greenwich: JAI Press.
-E. Wickham and H. Thompson (1989). “An Empirical Analysis of Intra-Industry Trade and Multinational Firms”. in Tharakan and Kol, pp. 121-144.
-J. Cantwell (1994). “The Relationship between International Trade and International Production”. In D. Greenaway and L.A. Winters, eds. Surveys in International Trade. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 303-328.
-D. Greenaway, P. Lloyd, and C. Milner (2001). “New Concepts and Measures of the Globalisation of Production”. EcLets; V.73-#1, pp. 57-63.
(4) Trade Similarity and Intra-Industry Specialization
-M. Michaely (1962). Concentration in International Trade. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
-J.M. Finger and M. Kreinin (1979). “A Measure of ‘Export Similarity’ and Its Possible Uses”. EJ; V.89-#?, pp. 905-912.
-R. Pomfret (1981). “The Impact of EEC Enlargement on Non-Member Mediterranean Countries’ Exports to the EEC”. EJ; V.91-#363, pp. 726-729
-M. Kellman and T. Schroder (1983). “The Export Similarity Index: Some Structural Tests”. EJ; V.93-#369, pp. 193-198.
-H. Glejser, K. Goossens and M. Vanden Eede (1979). “Inter-Industry and Intra-Industry Specialisation Do Occur in World Trade”. EcLets; V.3-#?, pp. 261-265.
-H. Glejser, K. Goossens and M. Vanden Eede (1982). “Inter-Industry versus Intra-Industry Specialisation in Exports and Imports (1959-1970-1973)”. JIE; V.12-#?, pp. 353-369.
-H. Glejser (1983). “Intra-Industry and Inter-Industry Trade Specialization: Trends and Cycles in the EEC (1973-1979)”. in Tharakan, ed.
-M.G. Fase (1985). “The Statistical Properties of Glejser’s Measure of industry Trade Specialisation”. JIE; V.19-#3/4, pp. 375-382.
-J. Kol and L. Mennes (1986). “Intra-Industry Specialization: Some Observations on Concepts and Measurement”. JIE; V.21-#1/2, pp. 173-181.
-R. Helg, P. Manasse, T. Monacelli, and R. Rovelli (1995). “How Much (A)symmetry in Europe? Evidence from Industrial Sectors”. EER; V.39-#?, pp. 1017-1041.
-G. Rossini and M. Burattoni (1996). “Trade and Convergence between Rich and Developing Countries: Some Empirical Estimates on Macrodeterminants of Specialisation”. WA; V.132-#1, pp. 75-96.
-S. De Nardis, A. Goglio, and M. Malgarini (1996). “Regional Specialization and Shocks in Europe: Some Evidence from Regional Data”. WA; V.132-#2, pp. 197-214.
-G. Ottaviano and D. Puga (1998). “Agglomeration in the Global Economy: A Survey of the ‘New Economic Geography’”. World Economy; V.21-#6, pp. 707 -731.
-M. Brülhart (1998). “Economic Geography, Industry Location and Trade: The Evidence”. World Economy; V.21-#6, pp. 775 -801.
H. Vandenbussche and J. Konigs (1998). “Globalisation and the Effects of National Versus International Competition on the Labour Market: Theory and Evidence from Belgian Firm Level Data”. World Economy; V.21-#8, pp. 1151-1177.
-G. Hanson (1998). “North American economic integration and industry location”. Oxford Review of Economic Policy; V.14-#2, pp. 30-44.
-M. Amiti (1998). “New Trade Theories and Industrial Location in the EU: A Survey of Evidence”. Oxford Review of Economic Policy; V.14-#2, pp. 45-53.
g. Trade Liberalization and IIT
(1) EC/EU
-P.J. Verdoorn (1960). “The Intra-Bloc Trade of BENELUX”. in E.A.G. Robinson, ed. Economic Consequences of the Size of Nations. London: Macmillan, pp. 291-329.
-J. Drèze (1960). “Quelques Réflexions Sereines sur l’Adaptationde l’Industrie Belge au Marché Commun”. Comptes-rendus des Travaux de la Société d’Economie Politique de Belgique; #275, pp. 3-37. [Translated as, “The Standard Goods Hypothesis”. in A. Jacquemin and A. Sapir, eds. The European Internal Market: Trade and Competition. Oxford: OUP, pp. 13-32.]
-J. Drèze (1961). “Les Exportations intra-CEE en 1958 et la Position Belge”. Recherches Economiques de Louvain; V.27-#?, pp. 717-738.
-B. Balassa (1966). “Tariff Reductions and Trade in Manufactures Among the Industrial Countries”. AER; V.56-#3, pp. 466-473.
-B. Balassa (1967). Trade Liberalization among Industrial Countries: Objectives and Alternatives. New York: McGraw Hill/Council on Foreign Relations.
-H. Grubel (1967). “Intra-Industry Specialization and the Pattern of Trade”. Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science; V.33-#?, pp. 374-388.
-M. Adler (1970). “Specialisation in the European Coal and Steel Community”. Journal of Common Market Studies; V.7-#?, pp. 175-191.
-B. Balassa (1974). “Trade Creation and Trade Diversion in the European Common Market: An Appraisal of the Evidence”. Manchester School, V.42-#2, pp. 93-135.
-M. Kreinin (1981). “Static Effect of E.C. Enlargement on Trade Flows in Manufactured Products”. KYKLOS; V.34-#1, pp. 60-71. [esp. Appendix, pp. 68-70.]
-G. Rossini (1983). “Intraindustry Trade in Two Areas: Some Aspects of Trade Within and Outside a Customs Union”. Keio Economic Studies; V.20-#?, pp. 1-26.
-Z. Drabek and D. Greenaway (1984). “Economic Integration and Intra-Industry Trade: The CMEA and EEC Compared”. KYKLOS; V.37-#?, pp. 444-469.
-J.O. Andersson (1987). “Integration and Intra-industry Trade: A Study of the Nordic Countries Using LISREL-Estimates”. in J.O. Andersson, ed.. Nordic studies on Intra-industry trade. Abo, Finland: Abo Academy Press, pp. 131-147.
-D. Greenaway (1987). “Intra-industry Specialization, Intra-firm Trade and European Integration”. JCMS; V.26-#?, pp. 153-172.
-D. Greenaway (1989). “Regional Trading Arrangements and Intra-Industry Trade: Evidence and Policy Issues”. in D. Greenaway, T. Hyclak, and R. Thornton, eds. Economic Aspects of Regional Trading Arrangements. New York: NYU Press, pp. 31-42.
-L. Lundberg (1992). “Economic Integration, Inter- and Intra-Industry Trade: The Case of Sweden and the EC”. Scandinavian Journal of Economics; V.94-#3, pp. 393-408.
-O. Cadot, R. Faini, and J. de Melo (1995). “Early Trade Patterns under the Europe Agreements: France, Germany, Italy”. EER; V.39-#3/4, pp. 601-610.
-M. Burattoni and G. Rossini (1996). “Intraindustry Trade in Italy: From the Customs Union to the European Union”. in D. Greenaway, ed. Trade Specialization in Europe. London: McMillan.
-M. Brülhart and R. Elliott (1999). “A Survey of Intra-Industry Trade in the European Union”. in M. Brülhart and R. Hine, eds. Intra-Industry Trade and Adjustment: The European Experience. London: Macmillan, pp. 98-117.
(2) Australia-New Zealand
-S. Bano and P. Lane (1987). “New Zealand-Australia Intra-Industry Trade”. in A. Bollard and M. Thompson, eds. Trans-Tasman Trade and Investment. Wellington: New Zealand Institute of Economic Research, pp. 28-36.
-R. Ratnayke and S. Jayasuriya (1991). “Intra-industry Trade and Protection: Which Way Does the Causation Go?”. EcLets; V.35-#1, pp. 71-76.
-J. Menon (1994). “Trade Liberalisation, Closer Economic Relations, and Intra-Industry Specialization”. Australian Economic Review; 2nd Quarter, pp. 31-42.
-J. Menon and P. Dixon (1996). “Regional Trading Agreements and Intra-industry Trade”. Journal of Economic Integration; V.11-#1, pp. 1-20.
-K. Matthews (1998). “Intra-industry Trade: An Australian Panel Study”. Journal of Economic Studies; V.25-#2, pp. 84-97.
(3) NAFTA
-S. Globerman (1992). “North American Trade Liberalization and Intra-Industry Trade”. WA; V.128-#3, pp. 487-497.
-R. Shelburne (1993). “Changing Trade Patterns and the IIT Index: A Note”. WA; V.129-#4, pp. 829-833. [Response by Globerman follows]
-J. Gonzalez and A. Velez (1993). “An Empirical Estimation of the Level of Intra-industry Trade between Mexico and the United States”. in K. Fatemi, ed.. North American Free Trade Agreement: Opportunities and challenges. New York: St. Martin’s Press, pp. 161-172
-J. Gonzalez and A. Velez (1995). “Intra-industry Trade between the United States and the Major Latin American Countries: Measurement and Implications for Free Trade in the Americas”. International Trade Journal; V.9-#4, pp. 519-536.
-J.S. Little (1996). “U.S. Regional Trade with Canada During the Transition to Free Trade”. New England Economic Review; January/February, pp. 3-22.
(4) General Trade Liberalization
-G. Hufbauer and J. Chilas (1972). “Specialization by Industrial Countries: Extent and Consequences”. in H. Giersch, ed. The International Division of Labor: Problems and Perspectives. Tubingen: J.C.B. Mohr, pp. 3-38.
-H.P. Marvel and E.J. Ray (1987). “Intra-Industry Trade: Sources and Effects of Protection”. JPE; V.95-#6, pp. 1278-1291.
-E.J. Ray (1991). “U.S. Protection and Intra-industry Trade: The Message to Developing Countries”. Economic Development and Cultural Change; V.40-#1, pp. 169-187.
-S. Globerman and J. Dean (1990). “Recent Trends in Intra-Industry Trade and Their Implications for Future Trade Liberalization”. WA; V.126-#1, pp. 25-48.
-P. Drysdale and R. Garnaut (1993). “The Pacific: An Application of a General Theory of Economic Integration”. in C. Bergsten and M. Noland, eds. Pacific Dynamism and the International Economic System. Washington, DC: IIE, pp.
-J. Menon and P. Dixon (1996). “How Important Is Intra-industry Trade in Trade Growth?”. Open Economies Review; V.7-#2, pp. 161-175.
-J. Menon (1997). “Japan’s Intraindustry Trade Dynamics”. JJIE; V.11-#?, pp. 123-142.
(5) South-South Liberalization and IIT