Nepal
| Myanmar | Vitamin A |
Nepal |
Iodine | Papua New Guinea |
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| Country Index | Epidemiological Data | |
| Country Profile | Policy & Legislation | |
| Program Data | ||
| Monitoring | ||
| Program Resources | ||
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA |
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| Anemia | ||
| Most Recent Anemia Survey | ||
| Date: | December 1997 – May 1998: Nepal Micronutrient Status Survey | |
| Groups Surveyed: | Women and preschool children (6-59 months), disaggregated by eco-zone, eco-development strata, age group, sex and location (urban-rural). | |
| Sample Size: | Children 6-59 mos: 17,550 | |
| Children 6-11 yrs: 15,600 | ||
| Women: 15,600 | ||
| Sampling Method: | The survey was conducted nationally, but was designed to provide sub-national and regional estimates by selecting representative samples from each of the thirteen Eco- development zones (based on 3 Eco- zones and 5 development regions). The two- stage cluster design was used to select 30 clusters from each of the Eco-development zones, and 40 households from each of the selected clusters. Household eligibility was determined to be the presence of a woman with a pre-school aged child. The sample sizes were then weighted based on analysis of differences among Eco- development zones. | |
| Estimated Anemia Prevalence: | ||
| Indicators: | non-pregnant women >15 years of age: Hb < 120 g/L | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| pregnant women of any age: Hb < 110 g/L | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| men > 15 years of age: Hb < 130 g/L | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| children 6 - 60 months of age: Hb < 110 g/L | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| children 5 – 11 years of age: Hb < 115 g/L | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| children 12 – 14 years of age: Hb < 120 g/L | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Non-pregnant women |
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| Legislation on IDA |
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Nepal has a current policy to address iron deficiency. Currently it addresses iron supplementation for pregnant women only. However, legislation is being considered for child supplementation and iron fortification. An MOU and Implementation Plan has been drafted for initiation of national scale wheat flour fortification with iron and folic acid. The National Strategy for Anaemia Control is to be finalized and disseminated by June 2002. The strategy paper outlines a comprehensive set of objectives and strategies to achieve reduction of anaemia in women and children. |
| Government Agency to Address IDD | |
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Nutrition Section, Child Health Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health |
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Contact Information: Mrs. Sharada Pandey, Chief, Nutrition Section, Teku, Kathmandu. Phone: +977-1-261660 |
PROGRAM DATA |
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| Supplementation | |
| Program Description | |
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The supplements are distributed as part of antenatal care at health facilities and outreach clinics. Recently MoH recommended that tablets be also distributed by Female Community Health Volunteers at the community level. |
| Targeting | |
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Pregnant women. |
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Number targeted: 1 million (estimated number of pregnancies per year). |
| Capsule Information | |
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Iron/folate tablets (60mg iron and 400mcg folate a day). |
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14.6 million iron/folate tablets per year (source: HMIS) |
| Implementation | |
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Daily dose from the beginning of the second trimester through 45 days postpartum = 225 tablets/pregnancy |
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The policy was launced in 1985. |
| Fortification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Other Programs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Community-based | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Community-based intensification of anaemia control will be initiated in 2002 first in selected districts and expanded after the pilot phase. Considering an extremely low utilization of services at health facilities and malfunctioning outreach clinics, the intensification programme aims at making iron/folate supplements and other related services available and accessible at the community level through community health volunteers. The service provision by community health volunteers, supported by health workers, should be linked to community-based demand creation activities. |
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De-worming Programs |
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Deworming of preschool children (Albendazole 400mg) through the biannual vitamin A capsule distribution has been conducted since 2000. It has been expanded to 49 districts in April 2002 and will cover all the 75 districts by 2004. MoH has also approved a policy in 2001 to deworm all pregnant women after the second trimester. After completion of the implementation guideline, the activity will be initiated first in selected districts and expanded nationwide |
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| Anemia | |
| Current monitoring activities for iron deficiency anemia: | |
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No regular monitoring system on iron deficiency anaemia. |
| Programs | |
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The biannual Mini-Survey to track vitamin A capsule coverage has been expanded to monitor key aspects of Universal Salt Iodization, iron/folate supplementation for pregnant women, and deworming of preschool children (please see Vitamin A Deficiency Questionnaire, Section V-B). The Mini-Surveys collect data on the supplementation coverage (if the woman took iron tablets during last pregnancy) and compliance (how many days iron tablets were taken). |
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Between Census Household Information, Monitoring and Evaluation System (BCHIMES), which is planed to be repeated, collects nationally representative data on the coverage of iron/folate supplementation during pregnancy and duration of tablets consumption. In BCHIMES 2000, the data was disaggregated by eco-zone, woman’s age, and residence (urban, rural). |
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| Implementing Donors / Agencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Total Iron Program Funding History and Forecast for Country | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
* = UNICEF planned amount only |
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