Vitamin A Deficiency

Paraguay

Peru

Vitamin A

Iron

Suriname


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Country Profile		Policy & Legislation
		Program Data
		Monitoring
		Program Resources

	EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA


Clinical Vitamin A Deficiency
Most Recent Clinical VAD Survey: No recent survey conducted.

Sub-clinical Vitamin A Deficiency

Most Recent Sub-Clinical VAD Survey: National Monitoring of Nutritional Indicators (CENAN)- National Center for Nutrition and lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllc Feeding (MONIN)

Date:

1999

Groups Surveyed:

Children under 5 years of age and Women 15-49 years of age.

Sample Size:

1432

Sampling Method:

Using data provided by the National Institute of Statistics and Information (INEI), comprised a sample of children under 5 years of age and Women 15-49 years of age from all over the country. This sample was then divided in 6 regions from which a sample of 360 households from each region were surveyed.

Estimated Prevalence of VAD: Children under 5 years of age: <20mg/dL

Region/Group	Sample size	Indicator(s) specify cutoff and/or median serum retinol	Prevalence in sample %
Urban Sierra	138		16.4
Rural Sierra	165		9.4
Jungle	174		11.5
Coast	148		9.5
Metropolitan-Lima	116		6.9
Andean Trapezium	141		11.3
National Total:	882

Sub-clinical Vitamin A Deficiency

Estimated Prevalence of VAD: Women 15-49 years of age: <20mg/dL

Region/Group	Sample size	Indicator(s) specify cutoff and/or median serum retinol	Prevalence in sample %
Urban Sierra	90		1.1
Rural Sierra	93		2.2
Jungle	99		1.0
Coast	98		0.0
Metropolitan-Lima	85		3.5
Andean Trapezium	85		0.0
National Total:	550


	POLICY AND LEGISLATION

Legislation on VAD
	There is VAD legislation in Peru since 1999 and this policy has not been significantly revised.
	This legislation focuses both on supplementation and fortification.

Government Agency to Address VAD
	Government Agency for VAD: Micronutrient Program. Agency's function is coordination.


	PROGRAM DATA


Supplementation- Women
Program Description
	There is vitamin A supplementation in Peru since 1999 and it is focused in selected regions of the country based on ecological indicators.
Program Description
Targeting
	Approximately 165,000 post-partum women were targeted by the program.
Program Description
Capsule Information
	200,000 IU's and 100,000 IU's were part of the program.
Program Description
Implementation
	Women are given the supplementation during the post-partum period for upto 4 weeks.
	Vitamin A supplementation is given through National Immunization Day/Week and through clinics.
Supplementation- Women
Supplementation- Children
Program Description
	There is vitamin A supplementation for children in Peru.
Program Description
Targeting
	Program consists of two areas which focuses on children 6-11 months and children 12-23 months.
	Approximately 156,000 children 6-11 months and 179,000 children 12-23 months were targeted by the program.
Program Description
Capsule Information
	200,000 IU's and 100,000 IU's were part of the program.
Program Description
Implementation
	Children are given the supplementation for a 4 week period.
	Vitamin A supplementation is given through National Immunization Day/Week and through clinics.

VAD Distribution by regional group:

Region/Group	Estimated # of people supplemented	Number of times/year
Selected areas by ecological indicators, poverty, high mortality rates, low immunization coverage, and deficiency of vitamin A intake (mostly in Andean and Jungle area)
Women (post-partum period)	132,720	1 time/year
Children 6-11 months	151,093	1 time/year
Children 12-23 months	170,455	2 time/year
National Total	321,548

Fortification

Vitamin A Supply

Vitamin A Supply (for target year): 2002
Source	Supplementation: Capsules No. & Value of Capsules (000)
	200,000 IU		100,000 IU		50,000 IU		10,000 IU
	No.	$	No.	$	No.	$	No.	$
Imported into country (Donation from UNICEF)	644,000	12,880	98,500	1,970
Locally produced
Totals

Food Fortification

Fortification

Food Fortification

Margarine and milk are fortified even though there is no specific program for vitamin A supplementation.

Fortification mixture is made by the industry in Peru to compete with the imported products.

Implementation

Other Programs

Large scale or National Programs

There are no large-scale or national programs implemented in Peru.

Large scale or National Programs

Community-based Programs

There is a community-based program that is a component of the 'Good Initiatives (Buen Inicio) Project'

This project is located in 6 sub-regions throughout the country which were selected based on population and social exclusion.

This project is conducted with the help of the communities and through health centers in these sub-regions.

Large scale or National Programs



	MONITORING

Clinical and Sub-clinical VAD
	There is monitoring of VAD with the 'National Monitoring of Nutritional Indicators' survey. This survey is being repeated.
	Indicators used in the survey are Serum Retinol levels <20 mg/dL for Women and Children under 5 years of age.

Supplementation
	Currently there is no supplementation in Peru.
	Monitoring of the supplementation throughout the country is partially conducted by regional health offices.

Fortification
Fortification
	There is no fortification to monitor.



	PROGRAM RESOURCES


Donor Agencies:

Implementing Agency	Description of Activities	Expenditure and source of funds in current year
Implementing Agency	Description of Activities	Suppl.	Fortif.	Other (specify)
National/State Governments	-Included in specific food programs such as papillas for infants and scholar foods.		Yes
External Agencies	UNICEF- llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Technical and financial support in training health personnel	Yes

Total VAD Program Funding History and Forecast for Country: Not Reported

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA

POLICY AND LEGISLATION

PROGRAM DATA

MONITORING

PROGRAM RESOURCES