Sociology
322: Social Theory
Fall 2010. 9:30 - 11:00. Tuesdays and Thursdays
Newcomb Hall, Room 17
Kevin
Fox Gotham, Ph.D.
Associate
Dean of Academic Affairs, School of Liberal Arts (SLA)
Professor
of Sociology
Tulane
University
102
and 220 Newcomb Hall
New
Orleans, LA 70118
Tel:
504-862-3004
Email: kgotham@tulane.edu
Office Hours: By appointment
Course Description
Sociology 322 is designed as an introductory survey of
social theory. We will examine a variety
of classical and contemporary theories to understand and explain the transition
from traditional to modern society, the nature of
urbanization and industrialization, capitalism and social organization, and democracy
and individuality, among other important sociological topics. The first ten weeks of the course will focus
on the pioneering work of Karl Marx (1818-1883), Max Weber (1864-1920), and
Emile Durkheim (1858-1917), and contemporary applications of their
theories. We will examine the theories
of Marx, Weber, and Durkheim not just as intellectual history, but as sources
of unique and powerful systems of thought that continue to have a major impact
on our understanding of the contemporary world.
We will read original writings by these theorists in an effort to grasp
concretely how they understood and explained the dramatic societal changes
affecting Europe and the
Course Objectives
The objectives of this course are to present an overview of social theory in the historical context of its development, illustrate the links between theory and research, and foster a critical understanding of society. This means developing the ability to view the social world in a critical and systematic way, using empirical evidence and logical assumptions in order to answer questions of sociological interest. Social theory is the backbone of the sociology discipline and all major substantive questions of sociological interest are directly related to theory. We will examine different meanings and definitions of theory, how theories are evaluated, and how we can build on past and existing theories to build new ones to investigate society. We will also seek to understand how theories are shaped by the historical context in which they are produced.
One advantage of studying social theory is that it can help you cultivate and develop a “sociological imagination.” C. Wright Mills referred to the sociological imagination as the quality of mind necessary to grasp the relationship between individual biography, social structure, and human history. It is the mission of sociology, according to Mills, to help individuals achieve “lucid summations” of what is going on in the world and what is happening in their own lives. Developing a sociological imagination requires a background in social theory.
Program Outcomes
This course contributes to the sociology major by addressing the role of theory in sociology, such that the student will be able to:
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this course, student will be able to
These basic learning objectives will be assessed through group discussions, class participation, and three papers.
Required Readings
Antonio, Robert J. 2003. Marx and Modernity: Key Readings and Commentary. Blackwell Publishing.
Bellah, Robert (editor). 1973. Emile Durkheim on Morality and Society. University of Chicago Press.
Kalberg, Stephen. 2005. Max Weber: Readings and Commentary on Modernity. Blackwell Publishing.
Kivisto, Peter. Illuminating Social Life: Classical and Contemporary Theory Revisited. Most recent edition. Pine Forge.
Sociology Writing Group. A Guide to Writing Sociology Papers. Saint Martins Press.
.pdf copies of articles uploaded in Blackboard.
Course Expectations and
Requirements
This course will generally follow a lecture and discussion format.
The purpose of lectures is to provide necessary background material (e.g.,
historical, biographical, and conceptual), exegesis of the original texts, as
well as commentary and critique.
I require students to attend all classes and will take roll at the beginning of each class period. Be aware that just because I do not take attendance does not mean that I have overlooked absent students. Four or more unexcused absences will result in the lowering of your final grade by one letter grade. An unexcused absence is missing class without the professor’s permission or without presenting a valid excuse within twenty-four hours. Preparedness, attendance, and participation are expected and will have a bearing on final grades. Be on time to class and be sure to turn off your cell phones. Anybody who has ever spoken in front of a group knows that it can be very confusing for a speaker when people wander in and out or when phones ring. I always try to treat students with courtesy and respect. It makes life easier for all of us when you reciprocate.
Your grade for this course will be determined by your performance on three papers (about 8-12 pages each), attendance, and classroom participation. In each of the three papers, you may be asked to compare and contrast the way in which two different theories explain a given phenomenon. You may also be asked to connect the work of one or more classical theorist to some current event(s). Another typical assignment could be to consider the strengths and weaknesses of a contemporary theory in relation to a major concern of the classical theorists. All papers are to be typed, double-spaced, with one-inch margins, and page numbers in the top right hand corner. You will have at least one week to write each paper. Papers will be graded on a scale of A, A-, B+, B, B-,C+, C, C-, D+, D, and D-. One letter grade will be deducted for each day the paper is late. You are to hand in two copies of each paper. One copy is to be turned in with a “Social Theory Paper Evaluation” (see last page of syllabus) stapled to the back of the paper.
Finally, ten percent of your grade will be based on my evaluation of your participation in class and Thursday group discussions where each group will do a textual analysis of a major chapter or series of chapters, and turn in an outline at the end of class. A textual analysis explains what the author’s main points are, how they are connected, and offers a critique of the author’s argument. The class will be divided into six groups composed of about 5-6 people. The membership of these groups will be in alphabetical order and will remain the same throughout the semester. On the specified Thursdays, we will break into groups and each group will analyze the assigned readings. Everyone is required to read the assigned chapter(s) before we meet on Thursdays and break into groups (I recommend that each student put together a brief outline on the chapter(s) before meeting on Thursdays). Each group will discuss the reading, asking questions about the text(s), and identify the main points. At the end of the Thursday discussion each group will turn in a written outline that provides a brief summary, critical analysis, and evaluation of the chapter(s) using the following format:
1. Summary. Provide a brief summary outline of what the author is saying. Identify the central questions, main points, and core arguments. Rather than analyzing all the ideas that the author presents, you should focus in depth on one or two significant aspects of the text.
2. Analysis. Analysis involves going beyond what the author says. It means examining relationships between evidence and conclusions, between concepts in the text, and relationships between concepts in the work being analyzed and other texts. Moreover, analysis means identifying and clearly explaining the devices the author uses to convince the reader that he or she is correct. These devices can include logical reasoning (i.e., if/then statements), anecdotes (stories used to illustrate a point), appeal to authority, controlled study, and rhetorical virtuosity (skill at using language: big scientific words, humor, satire, irony, or nostalgia). What is important is that you understand what the author is doing, to be able to analyze the devices the author is using.
3. Evaluation. How well does the author answer his or her question and verify that answer? This is the realm of criticism and it assumes that you cannot really judge a text until you comprehend what the author is doing and how he or she does it. Evaluation involves answering the following questions:
A. What is the argument of the text? What concepts does the author use to support the arguments?
B. What are the implicit assumptions of the author’s argument? Identifying and evaluating an author’s assumptions are two intellectual skills most often demanded in social theory courses. All authors make assumptions about the way the world works.
C. What are the conclusions and implications of the author’s work? How do they connect with other readings?
D. Is the craftsmanship of the writing sound? Do the parts fit into a whole? Is the prose understandable? Do the ideas flow smoothly from one to another?
E. What other lines of reasoning or thinking occur to you as a result of reading this selection? What is it about the chapters that interest you? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the chapters or articles? How does this chapter help you understand current events and social problems?
Mastering the skill of textual analysis
will help you write better papers and, more important, help you evaluate more
clearly all books and articles you encounter in your academic career and
beyond. Each unexcused absence for the Thursday discussions will result in
the lowering of your participation grade by one letter grade. On the last day of class you will fill out a
confidential evaluation of each member in your group. This evaluation will ask you to evaluate the
intellectual contribution, courteousness, and respectfulness of each member of
your group.
Some tips for group
discussion
Ultimately, the success of a group discussion depends on the participants. Here are a few suggestions to make your discussions more enjoyable, productive and meaningful:
All participants in the course have a responsibility to do the readings for the week, to listen to what is being said by other participants (rather than being overly preoccupied with what you are going to say), and not to interrupt people in the middle of sentences. We hope to create a setting in which everyone feels comfortable talking, even if they do not have something “brilliant” or “profound” to say. Sometimes the most simple questions can lead to the most fruitful discussions.
All students are required to abide by the Tulane University
Honor Code. According to the
Newcomb-Tulane College website http://college.tulane.edu/code.htm
this code "shall apply to academic conduct of
each student from the time of application for admission through the actual
awarding of a degree, even though academic conduct may occur before classes
begin or after classes end, as well as during the academic year and during
periods between terms of actual enrollment, and even if the academic conduct is
not discovered until after a degree is awarded.
The Code shall apply to a student’s academic conduct even if the student
withdraws from school while a disciplinary matter is pending." "Any student behavior that has the
effect of interfering with education, pursuit of knowledge, or fair evaluation
of a student's performance is considered a violation. Any student found to have
committed or to have attempted to commit the following misconduct is subject to
the disciplinary sanctions outlined in this Code." The following are
defined as violations:
·
Cheating --
Giving, receiving, or using, or attempting to give, receive, or use
unauthorized assistance, information, or study aids in academic work, or
preventing or attempting to prevent another from using authorized assistance,
information, or study aids.
Consulting
with any persons other than the course professor and teaching assistants
regarding a take-home examination between the time the exam is
distributed and the time it is submitted by the student for grading. Students
should assume the exam is closed book; they may not consult books, notes, or
any other reference material unless explicitly permitted to do so by the
instructor of the course.
The above material is quoted from: Tulane University. Code of Academic Conduct. Newcomb- Tulane College. http://college.tulane.edu/code.htm ; accessed August 15, 2010.
All grades, paper assignments, study questions and other important information about the class will be posted on the Blackboard Learning System.
Course Grades:
Paper #1 30 percent of final grade.
Paper #2 30 percent of final grade.
Paper #3 30 percent of final grade.
Class Participation and Thursday Discussion Outline 10 percent of final grade.
I do not give extra credit, extra assignments, nor other opportunities for improving grades. Moreover, I do not negotiate about grades, except when you believe there is an explicit error in the grading procedures. No grades will be determined by a curve.
TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE
Week 1. August 24 and 26. Introduction to Social Theory
Weeks 2-4. Karl Marx and the Rise of Industrial
Capitalism
Week 2. August 31 and September 2. Introduction
to Karl Max
· Part 1. Marx’s Vision of History: Historical Materialism. (Pp. 51-73).
· Part 2. The Juggernaut of Capitalist Modernity (pp. 75-100).
Week 3. Capital, Commodities, and Globalization
September 7.
September 9. Group Discussion
· Part 5. “Downside of Capitalist Growth.” Pp. 153-174.
· Part 6. “Globalization and Colonialism.” pp. 175-194.
Week 4.
September 14. Theory of Class Struggle and the Progressive Nature of Capitalist Modernity
· Part 7. “New Society Rising in the Old.” pp. 195-212.
· Part 8. “Revolutionary Proletariat and the Vicissitudes of History” pp. 213-248.
September 16. Contemporary Neo-Marxian Theories. Group Discussion.
Weeks 5-7. Emile Durkheim and Nature of Social
Solidarity
Week 5.
September 21. Introduction to Emile Durkheim.
September 23. What is Sociology? Robert Bellah. Emile Durkheim: On Morality and Society.
Week 6. Social Solidarity, the Division of Labor, and Anomie.
September 28 - 30. Robert Bellah. Emile Durkheim: On Morality and Society.
Week 7.
October 5. Sociology of Religion. Robert Bellah. Emile Durkheim: On Morality and Society.
October 7. Contemporary Durkheimian Theories and Analyses. Group Discussion
Fall break from Oct. 14 – 17 (Thursday through Sunday)
Weeks 8-10. Max Weber and the Rationalization Process
Week 8. October 12. Introduction to Max Weber
Week 9. Modern Capitalism, Stratification, and Inequality
October 19 – 21. Stephen Kalberg (editor). Max Weber: Readings and Commentary on Modernity.
Week 10.
October 26. Power, Authority, and Bureaucracy. Stephen Kalberg (editor). Max Weber: Readings and Commentary on Modernity.
October 28. Contemporary Weberian Theories and Analyses. Group Discussion.
Week 11. Organizational Deviance, Disaster, and
Risk Society
November 2.
November 4. Group
Discussion.
Hand out second paper topic on Nov. 4 (Thurs). Paper due November 18 (Thurs)
Week 12. Theories
of Social-Ecological Systems: Resilience, Vulnerability, and Sustainability
November 9
November 11. Group Discussion
Week 13. Socio-Spatial Restructuring and Globalization
Theories
November 16 – 18.
November 18. Group Discussion.
Week 14. Gender and Feminist Theories
November 23.
Week 15. Theories of Postmodernity
November 30 - December 2.
Social Theory Paper Evaluation.
Fall 2010. Gotham.
Name:
Paper #_____. Question #_____.
Paper grade: _____.
Analysis and Criticism:
POOR EXCELLENT
1 2 3 4 5 Thoughtfulness and organization of essay (e.g., is the essay well conceived and thought out or does it have a rushed and superficial quality to it).
1 2 3 4 5 Follows the directions of the assignment (e.g., answers questions sufficiently).
1 2 3 4 5 Coherence of explanation. Clear statements. Succinct.
1 2 3 4 5 Key terms and concepts are defined and explained.
1 2 3 4 5 Assertions and arguments supported with specific cites to the original works.
1 2 3 4 5 Assertions and arguments supported with specific quotes from the original works.
1 2 3 4 5 Depth of coverage of existing literature and original works.
Technical presentation:
X denotes that attention should be paid to this problem.
XX denotes that extra attention is warranted.
_____ Late paper (one letter grade is deducted for each day the paper is late).
_____ Paper format: pages numbered in top right hand corner, one inch margins, double-spaced.
_____ Appropriate citation format not followed.
_____ Text is too long or too short.
_____ Redundancy (wordy; can be trimmed without loss of meaning).
_____ Some statements are unsupported (e.g., undeveloped and/or vague statements).
_____ Insufficient coverage of existing literature.
_____ Insufficient depth of coverage.
_____ Typographic errors, misspelled words, punctuation errors.
_____ Incomplete sentences, awkward sentence structure.
_____ Some paragraphs are too long or too short.
Social Theory Paper Evaluation.
Fall 2010. Gotham.
Name:
Paper #_____. Question #_____.
Paper grade: _____.
Analysis and Criticism:
POOR EXCELLENT
1 2 3 4 5 Thoughtfulness and organization of essay (e.g., is the essay well conceived and thought out or does it have a rushed and superficial quality to it).
1 2 3 4 5 Follows the directions of the assignment (e.g., answers questions sufficiently).
1 2 3 4 5 Coherence of explanation. Clear statements. Succinct.
1 2 3 4 5 Key terms and concepts are defined and explained.
1 2 3 4 5 Assertions and arguments supported with specific cites to the original works.
1 2 3 4 5 Assertions and arguments supported with specific quotes from the original works.
1 2 3 4 5 Depth of coverage of existing literature and original works.
Technical presentation:
X denotes that attention should be paid to this problem.
XX denotes that extra attention is warranted.
_____ Late paper (one letter grade is deducted for each day the paper is late).
_____ Paper format: pages numbered in top right hand corner, one inch margins, double-spaced.
_____ Appropriate citation format not followed.
_____ Text is too long or too short.
_____ Redundancy (wordy; can be trimmed without loss of meaning).
_____ Some statements are unsupported (e.g., undeveloped and/or vague statements).
_____ Insufficient coverage of existing literature.
_____ Insufficient depth of coverage.
_____ Typographic errors, misspelled words, punctuation errors.
_____ Incomplete sentences, awkward sentence structure.
_____ Some paragraphs are too long or too short.
Social Theory Paper Evaluation.
Fall 2010. Gotham.
Name:
Paper #_____. Question #_____.
Paper grade: _____.
Analysis and Criticism:
POOR EXCELLENT
1 2 3 4 5 Thoughtfulness and organization of essay (e.g., is the essay well conceived and thought out or does it have a rushed and superficial quality to it).
1 2 3 4 5 Follows the directions of the assignment (e.g., answers questions sufficiently).
1 2 3 4 5 Coherence of explanation. Clear statements. Succinct.
1 2 3 4 5 Key terms and concepts are defined and explained.
1 2 3 4 5 Assertions and arguments supported with specific cites to the original works.
1 2 3 4 5 Assertions and arguments supported with specific quotes from the original works.
1 2 3 4 5 Depth of coverage of existing literature and original works.
Technical presentation:
X denotes that attention should be paid to this problem.
XX denotes that extra attention is warranted.
_____ Late paper (one letter grade is deducted for each day the paper is late).
_____ Paper format: pages numbered in top right hand corner, one inch margins, double-spaced.
_____ Appropriate citation format not followed.
_____ Text is too long or too short.
_____ Redundancy (wordy; can be trimmed without loss of meaning).
_____ Some statements are unsupported (e.g., undeveloped and/or vague statements).
_____ Insufficient coverage of existing literature.
_____ Insufficient depth of coverage.
_____ Typographic errors, misspelled words, punctuation errors.
_____ Incomplete sentences, awkward sentence structure.
_____ Some paragraphs are too long or too short.